Jagorancin theories

Ya zuwa yanzu, babu wani bayyananne ra'ayin abin da shi ne shugabanci. International Social ilimin halin dan Adam ma'anar da shi a matsayin sabon abu na kungiyar hulda, wanda bayyana kanta a cikin ikon wasu mutane da tasiri da ke damunsu, tunaninsu da kuma hali a kan wasu a cikin so shugabanci, bisa na yau da kullum a tsakaninsu. Domin bayyana wannan sabon abu da wani ka'idar shugabanci. Akwai da dama hanyoyin nazarin ra'ayi. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa duk theories da su drawbacks.

Basic ka'idar jagorancin:

basu baye

Amma duk da haka shi ne ake kira da shaidan ka'idar. An sa a gaba a Amurka a cikin 30s E.Bogdarus. A kasa line ne cewa halayen jagoranci na hali ne m. Gubar iya zama wani mutum tare da wani sa na fasali. Mawallafa, da dama sun yi kokarin gano su. Saboda haka, K.Bred a 1940 ya jagoranci 79 dabiu jerin. Sun hada da: da hankali, da amincewa, iradar, friendliness, babbar sha'awa, mutumci da kuma sauransu. Duk da haka, da lists na sauran marubuta ba su zauna a barga matsayi, da kuma aiki na kadaici halaye da jagoranci dabiu juya a kira su unsolvable. Bugu da kari, da kasaftawa quality, a Bugu da kari, da suke fadi, don haka mafi kuma sau da yawa sabanin. An gano cewa, a yi, a cikin ƙungiyar akwai mutanen da suke bisa ga iyawar da kuma m wuce da shugaban, amma sun kasance ba.

situational

Ya maye gurbin da basu baye jagorancin ka'idar. Jagoranci a mutum zama saboda abin da ya faru na daban-daban yanayi. A wani batu, mutanen da suke da m ga wasu don wasu quality, idan akwai bukatar nuna su tsaya daga taron. Watau shugaban - shi ne wanda shi ne mafi alhẽri daga wasu gane su quality. Wannan ka'idar yana da nasa flaws. An gano cewa:

• Wasu mutane suna da wani zurfin ilimi sana'a, amma ba su iya tafiyar da shugabanci ayyukan;
• a wuya yanayi manufarsu a daban-daban kungiya iya zama daban-daban, kuma akwai gwagwarmaya da irin manufofin da fifiko.
• a yi of management, ba dube ni da aiki kungiyar, ba wani canji na shugabannin yarda.

A situational jagorancin ka'idar ba da cikakken la'akari da 'yancin kai na shugaban, da ikon shafar halin da ake ciki.

tsarin

The shugaban ne da wani mutum wanda shirya wani rukuni mafi fiye da kowa, na warware wani takamaiman aiki. Wannan mutumin fi mayar yana da zama dole mutuntakar su warware wannan matsalar ta fi kowane memba na kungiyar. Bukata daga gare shi, cewa zai bi da bukatu: su iya tsara ayyuka na kungiyar, zai tabbatar da tsaro da kuma bayar da amana a cikin nasara.

Shugabanci ne sau da yawa gani a matsayin wani irin iko. A wannan batun, akwai manufar siyasa jagoranci, watau m, istinbadi da fifiko tasiri mutum mamaye iko matsayi a cikin kungiyar ko al'umma.

Ware basu baye, situational da kuma tsari da shugabancin siyasa ka'idar. Sauran data kasance theories ne babban iri. Saboda haka, a irin basu baye m ne m ra'ayi, wanda shi ne wakilin Freud.

A gist na shi ne wannan: a asalin sabon abu ne suppressed libido. A sakamakon haka, da aiwatar da sublimation, shi bayyana kanta a matsayin mai so ga ikon. A wani kokarin rabu da hadaddun hali na tsawwala su a kan sauran jama'a, kuma ta zama jagora.

Nau'in shugabannin siyasa

M.Dzh.Hermann kasaftawa 4 hanyar shugabannin: Ministan, alami, da m da kuma wuta. Ministan ya bayyana bukatun da mabiya, basing da ayyukan a kan ra'ayi, alami dogara ne a kan nasu hangen nesan na gaskiya, wanda shi ne iya captivate talakawa. The ciniki ne iya yadda ya kamata gabatar da shirin to masu jefa} uri'a, da kuma wuta - sauri sami mafita ga matsalolin.