Janar halaye na Rasha adabi na karni na 19th (short)

XIX karni ba Yunƙurin zuwa babban adadin talented Rasha marubuta da kuma kasida. Ayyukansu hanzarta ya shigo da al'adu na duniya , kuma ya dauki a ta rightful matsayi. Rinjayar da aikin ne batun mawallafa, da dama, a duniya. Janar halaye na Rasha adabi na karni na 19th ya kasance batun raba nazari a wallafe-wallafen sashe. Lalle ne shĩ, abubuwan da ake bukata ga irin wannan m Take-kashe al'adu events aiki a matsayin wata siyasa da kuma rayuwar zamantakewa.

labarin

Major trends a art da kuma adabi dimbin yawa ta hanyar abubuwan tarihin. Idan a cikin XVIII karni jama'a rayuwa a Rasha aka gwada da auna, na gaba karni hada yawa muhimmanci vicissitudes cewa sun shafi ba kawai kara raya al'umma da kuma siyasa, amma kuma a cikin samuwar sabuwar trends da kuma kwatance a cikin wallafe-wallafe.

M tarihi turakun wannan lokaci shi ne yaki da Turkey, da mamayewa na Napoleon ta sojojin, 'yan adawa azãba, da yarjejeniyoyin da serfdom da yawa wasu abubuwan. Dukansu suna nuna a cikin art da al'adu. Janar halaye na Rasha adabi na karni na 19th ba zai iya yi ba tare da ambata halittar sabon stylistic norms. A baiwa art magana ya A. S. Pushkin. Tare da aikinsa da kuma fara mai girma karni.

wallafe-wallafen harshen

Babban taimako daga cikin manyan Rasha mawãƙi, ya samar da sabon poetic siffofin, stylistic na'urorin da kuma na musamman, baya sauran mãkirci. Pushkin cimma wannan zai yiwu godiya ga bunkasa da kyau kwarai ilimi. Wata rana ya fito don ya cimma duk vertices a ilimi. Kuma shi ya kai wa talatin da bakwai. Atypical da sabon ga cewa lokaci zama cikin heroes of Pushkin. Hoton na Tatyana Larina hadawa da kyakkyawa, hankali da kuma siffofin da Rasha rai. Wannan wallafe-wallafen da irin a cikin adabi analogues bai kasance a baya.

Amsa tambaya: "Mene ne sifofinsu Rasha adabi na karni na 19th?", Wani tare da akalla wani asali sanin philological, tuna sunayen kamar Pushkin, Chekhov, Dostoevsky. Amma shi ne marubucin "Evgeniya Onegina" yi juyin juya hali a Rasha wallafe-wallafe.

romanticism

Wannan ra'ayi Dates baya a yammacin na da almara. Amma ga XIX karni shi ya samu sabon tabarau. Da asali a Jamus, romanticism shiga cikin ayyukan Rasha marubuta. A litattafan wannan shugabanci ayan da bin sufi motifs da jama'a Legends. A shayari za a iya gano so su sake fasalin rayuwar ga mafi alhẽri, da kuma Chanting na kasa heroes. A 'yan adawa motsi na Decembrists da su ban tausayi karshen sun zama m asa ga shayari.

Janar halaye na Rasha adabi na karni na 19th aka alama ta romantic yanayi a cikin lyrics, waxanda suke da quite na kowa a cikin waqe-waqe na Pushkin da sauran kasida da ya galaxy.

Amma ga litattafan, akwai sabon siffofin labari, tsakanin wanda shi ne wata dama Genre prominently. Sananne misalai na romantic litattafan - farkon aiki Nikolaya Gogolya.

sentimentalism

Tare da ci gaban wannan Trend fara Rasha adabi na karni na 19th. Janar halaye na m litattafan - mai hankali da kuma wani girmamawa a kan mai karatu ya ji. A Rasha adabi sentimentalism shiga a karshen da XVIII karni. The kafa na Rasha hadisin a cikin wannan salo ya zama Karamzin. A cikin XIX karni shi da wani yawan mabiya.

A satirical litattafan

Sai a wannan lokaci akwai satirical da aikin jaridar ayyukansu. Wannan Trend za a iya gano farko ga litattafan Gogol. An fara aiki da wani bayanin da wani kananan kasa, marubucin daga baya ya koma zuwa ga dukkan-Russian zamantakewa batutuwa. Yana da wuya a kwatanta a yau, ko da abin da wannan master of satire ya Rasha adabi na karni na 19th. Janar halaye na da litattafan a cikin wannan salo shi ne ba kawai wani mawuyacin view na wawanci, kuma parasitism gidan haya. Satirist "tafiya" a kusan kowane sako na al'umma.

A fitacciyar satirical litattafan zama labari "Golovlevs", sadaukar da jigo na matalauta ruhaniya gidan haya na duniya. Daga bisani, da samfurin na Saltykov-Shchedrin, kazalika da sauran littattafai satirist, ya zama masomin da fitowan na Socialist da labarun almara.

idon basira labari

A cikin rabi na biyu na karni ne da ci gaban idon basira litattafan. Romantic akida sun gaza. Akwai wani bukatar nuna duniya hanyar da gaske ne. Dostoevsky ta litattafan - wani ɓangare daga irin wannan abu a matsayin Rasha adabi na karni na 19th. Janar halaye na gajere ne jerin muhimman siffofin da wannan lokaci da kuma abubuwan da ake bukata ga zargin daban-daban mamaki. Game da idon basira litattafan da Dostoevsky, shi za a iya halin kamar haka: labaru da kuma litattafan da marubucin kasance a dauki ga yanayi da cewa rinjãya a wadannan shekaru a cikin al'umma. Depicting a cikin ayyukansu prototypes mutane ya san, ya nemi yayi maganin da kuma warware mafi latsa al'amurran da suka shafi na al'ummar da ya koma.

A farkon shekarun da suka gabata na kasar yaba Mikhail Kutuzov, sa'an nan romantic Decembrists. Wannan aka fili evidenced da Rasha adabi na farkon karni na 19th. Janar halaye na karshen karni, shige a cikin 'yan kalmomi. Wannan reassessment dabi'u. Don da fore ba da rabo daga cikin dukan al'umma, kuma da mutum members. Saboda haka bayyanar a litattafan da siffar "superfluous mutum".

jama'a waka

A cikin shekaru a lokacin da idon basira labari ya dauki jagorancin matsayi, shayari janye. Janar halaye na ci gaban Rasha adabi na karni na 19th sa ya yiwu a gano wani dogon hanya daga dreamy shayari to labari mãsu gaskiya. A wannan yanayi na halitta aikinsa na baiwa Nekrasov. Amma aikinsa iya wuya a iya dangana ga daya daga cikin manyan nau'o'i na ce lokaci. Author sõyayya a cikin waka da dama nau'o'i: da baƙauye, jaruntakar, juyin juya halin Musulunci.

Karshen karni

A faɗuwar rana da XIX karni daya daga cikin mafi yadu karanta mawallafa zama Chekhov. Duk da cewa a farkon m hanyoyin da marubuci sukar zargi da kasancewa sanyi to yanzu zamantakewa jigogi, ayyukansa sun samu wani undeniable zamantakewa fitarwa. Ci gaba wajen samar da siffar da "karamin mutumin", halitta mafi Pushkin, Chekhov karatu Rasha rai. Daban-daban na falsafa da kuma siyasa ideas da aka ci gaba a cikin marigayi XIX karni, ba zai iya ba zai shafi rayuwar mutane.

A baya adabi da aka mamaye da juyin juya halin Musulunci yanayi na XIX karni. Daga cikin mawallafa wanda aikin ya a nuna na karni, daya daga cikin mafi zababbun ya Maxim Gorky.

Janar halaye na gargajiya Rasha adabi na karni na 19th cancanci fiye da hankali. Kowane babbar wakilin wannan lokaci halitta ya m duniya, heroes wanda mafarkin da ba zai yiwu ba, yaki da zamantakewa mũnanan ayyuka, ko dandana a kananan bala'i. Kuma babban aiki na mawallafa ne daidai da hakikar da na karni, mai arziki a cikin zaman jama'a da kuma siyasa da suka faru.