Jiyya na melanoma: ainihin dabaru

Melanoma - wani m yanayin da ƙari. Yana tasowa daga pigment-kafa Kwayoyin kira melanocytes kuma suna iya samar da melanin kare fata daga ultraviolet radiation. Yawanci, melanoma kafa a kan bude yankunan na jiki, ko da yake iya faruwa ga mucous membranes, ko da akan tantanin ido da ido a yankin na dubura. Ya kamata a lura da cewa wani dace ganewar asali da kuma lura da wannan cuta qara chances na dawo da marasa lafiya.

Jiyya na melanoma surgically

Share bayanai abokai da aikin tiyata ne yawanci farko Hanyar far. The aiki a farkon matakai da cutar ya sa ya yiwu a cimma sakamako mai kyau. Dangane da mataki na ƙari ci gaba da kuma girman melanoma wadannan jiyya iya za'ayi da tiyata:

• sauki kau unshi da excision na wani ƙari da qananan adadin al'ada fata Kwayoyin, wanda ake located a gefuna da pathological samuwar.
• m excision gudanar a kan tabbatar da ganewar asali melanoma (a cikin wannan harka, da girman sabawa daga gefuna melanoma dogara a kan ta kauri).

sauran ayyukan

Tare da sarrafawa da marurai a hannu ko ƙafa a baya fiye yi yanki. Don kwanan wata, wannan hanya na ƙi kamar yadda fadi excision kuma bada sakamako mai kyau. Idan dole kau da Lymph nodes tare da kara microscopic jarrabawa da ta tabbatar da na ciwon daji Kwayoyin. A baya matakai na wani ciwon daji iya yi m kau na metastases.

jiyyar cutar sankara

Jiyya na melanoma jiyyar cutar sankara ya shafi magunguna da cewa kashe ciwon daji Kwayoyin. An kullum sanya baka siffofin ko ga igiyar jini gwamnati. Ya kamata a lura cewa kwayoyi domin jiyyar cutar sankara kashe Kwayoyin cewa raba hanzari, don haka lokacin da irin wannan magani iya lalace bargo, na baka mucosa da hanji, kazalika da gashi follicles. Jiyya na melanoma ne sau da yawa da za'ayi tare da kwayoyi irin wannan "Dacarbazine", "Cisplatin", "Temozolomide", "Paklimaksel".

immunotherapy

Jiyya na melanomas da su sun hada da matakan da nufin a karfafa tsarin na rigakafi. Ya kamata a lura cewa a wasu lokuta, immunotherapy za a iya amfani da ko da a cikin marigayi matakai na ciwon daji tsari.

Marasa lafiya za a iya gudanar da cytokines. Wannan gina jiki, wanda bayyana wani janar stimulatory sakamako a kan rigakafi da tsarin. Mafi sau da yawa amfani da "interferon-alpha" ko "Il-2" a cikin nau'i na igiyar jini ko subcutaneous injections. Irin wannan jiyya damar rage melanoma ƙari masu girma dabam har a 3-4th mataki ciwon daji.

Palliative far

A lokuta inda ƙari cire ko dakatar da ciwon daji tsari ne ba zai yiwu, shi gudanar symptomatic magani, da nufin kawar da zafi. Da farko, wadanda ba opioid analgesics wajabta - "asfirin", "Paracetamol", kuma idan ya cancanta - opioid analgesics dangane da morphine. Palliative kula iya hada radiation far, wanda shi ne kasa gaba daya warkar da ciwon daji, amma taimaka wajen kashe ta m ci gaba. Bugu da kari, da radiation magani za a gudanar a matsayin adjunct bayan m kau da ƙari.

A waɗannan bakin ciki lokuta inda melanoma aka kamu, magani kudin da adadin zai yiwu m shisshigi an m akayi daban-daban shan la'akari da peculiarities na onkoprotsessa, ta ruwan dare da kuma mataki na ci gaba.