Age mai haske a Rasha

A duniya da alama ta al'adu na karni na sha takwas Age mai haske, wanda ya bar ta zurfi bugu a cikin tarihi. Sai a wannan lokaci ƙare ta zama a cikin irin wannan shugabanci a matsayin Baroque, Rococo maye gurbinsu. A cikin Turai, shi zai fara wani irin rikici tsakanin m, amma godiya ga littattafan aiki yawan jama'a da kuma kafa gwamnati.

An haife shi a Ingila, godiya ga ci gaban da ilimi motsi da asali ra'ayoyi na falsafa na ilimi ne a hankali ya fara yada zuwa Jamus, Faransa, Rasha da kuma sauran kasashen Turai.

Musamman m sun malamai daga Faransa - Diderot, Rousseau, d'Alembert, Helvetius, Voltaire, wanda ya kira kansa "siyasa gabascin". Sun yi imani da cewa samun ikon fassara Mafarki, m hanyar tunani da ilmi iya farfasa da aka rabu amfani da hanya, canja halin kirki da kuma da'a mizanan, kuma shi zai gaggauta habaka a lokacin tarihi tsari da kuma nan gaba zamantakewa canji.

The Art of cikin haske da cewa ya inganta girma da na dalilin, 'yanci, da farin ciki, a gaskiya, kokarin yin tunãni wadannan ra'ayoyin. Shi ya sa adabi nuni a kan saman haruffa, wanda suke misalta wani tambayar hankali, nufi da gaskiya, suna iya magance jahilci.

Literary Rococo yayi karatu vividly bayyana faɗi, pun, m magana, seasoned da alamu na wasa da omissions. Musamman m, a cikin style of Voltaire, Montesquieu, Lesanzha.

Age mai haske a Rasha ya fara tare da Bitrus, mai girma. By karshen mulkinsa, da sake fasalin Rasha amincewa tafiya zuwa "Europeanization", da hannu a cikin al'adun kasashen yammaci. Samuwar Science, Ilimi tafi sosai hanzari.

Age mai haske a Rasha tare da kawo mujallu, jaridu, portraiture.

By da 18 karni Rasha jama'a, wanda aka dauke fiye ko žasa da ilimi, shi ya kunshi kawai daga wakilan da Moscow da kuma St. Petersburg nobility, kazalika da sosai kananan masana commoners.

Domin Turai, da nasa tarihin da aka Faransa haske. Saboda haka, yana da shekaru fadakarwa a Rasha ya sa fadada al'adu da hulda da Faransa, musamman bayan da na biyu da rabi na karni na sha takwas. Manya da aka bai wa damar ya dauki sama da art da kuma adabi a lokacin da tafiye-tafiye zuwa kasashen waje, da kuma wani mai kyau da ilmi na da harshen Voltaire, Diderot, da kuma sa su yi nazarin ayyukan da haske. Ilimi Rasha jama'a da aka karanta irin ayyukan matsayin "Virgin na Orleans", "Nun," "gurgu shaidan," "gãfilai Jewels", "Persian Haruffa" da kuma wasu Masterpieces na ilimi shugabanci, abin da ya bayyana "na wucewa hutu, wanda aka mulki da Venus da Bacchus" .

Duk da haka, da haske a Rasha ne quite daban-daban daga Turai version, kuma ta tsaba "Ya tsirar" a kan m ƙasa, ya ba da dan kadan daban-daban sakamakon fiye da a kasashen yamma.

Rasha Bitrus lokaci, kuma daga baya, a lokacin da zamanin Catherine II, ya sosai daban-daban daga Voltaire ta Faransa. Brilliant Empire, bayan da facade daga abin da yake a sararin kasa da yawan al'umma ba dagawa kansa, daga nauyi farm aiki, da uku Estate, wanda za, kamar yadda a cikin West, sarki ya dora kansa bukatun.

A Age mai haske a Rasha da goyan bayan da tsada da kuma autocracy, wanda amfani da sabon Yammacin al'adu da tasirinsa wajen adana data kasance serfdom.

Kuma ko da yake bayan mutuwar Bitrus ya tafi a kan reformism Catherine ll, mafarkai na zama "haskaka sarauniya" gaske Rasha malamai sun Dashkova, Golitsyn, kuma Sumarokov, Novikov, Fonvizin da sauransu da suka yi kokarin zamanintar da Rasha gaskiya.