Karkatar numerals a Rasha harshen, da kuma wasu da siffofin

Cardinal - cewa wani m ɓangare na magana. Yana da aka kafa da yawa daga baya fiye da wani suna ko wani siffa, don haka ilimin harsuna ba ko da yaushe a fili isa mutum kalmomi kamar nufin musamman mata. Dalilin da rikice ne a kama daga m kuma nahawu siffofin tsakanin yawan da sunan sauran sassa na magana.

definition

Adadi - a na ƙwarai bangare na jawabin, categorical ma'anar ne - wani lamba, nadi na yawan abubuwa, kasarun adadi, domin tare da ci. Saboda haka, dukan manyan lambobin - uku (gida), biyar (aninai), mutum ɗari (abokai). fractional - biyar-sixths (hanyar), a karo na biyu (gilashi), uku ma'ana guda takwas (kashi). jerin - na farko (rariya), na biyu (juya), shida (kofin).

Morphological haruffa na numerals gani su nahawu fasali. Mafi yawa daga cikin kalmomi na wannan bangare na jawabin ba bambanta da jinsi da lamba (bari mu ce game da ware daga baya), da kuma numerals ƙi yana da dama fasali. Mutane da yawa da suka hali endings koma zuwa hali endings na sunaye.

Amma ga syntactic rawa a cikin jumla, da numerals sunayen iya zama batun, fi'ili, da kuma haka kayyade. D. Rabuwa na numerals a kan fitarwa ne m da su lexical da nahawu combinability da kalmomi na sauran sassa na magana.

Features declension

Karkatar numerals denoting integers An ƙaddara da dalilai da dama.

• da adadi "daya" karkata a matsayin manufofi: daya - mahaifina, daya - mahaifina, daya - Dad ta, daya - blue.
• numerals "biyu," "uku," "hudu" ramammu irin sunayen manufofi a cikin jam'i - uku kore, uku - kore, uku - kore, da dai sauransu...
• declension na numerals daga biyar zuwa ashirin ne guda a matsayin sunaye na uku declension: biyar, talatin - dare; biyar, talatin - dare; biyar, talatin - da dare, da dai sauransu...
• a numerals arba'in, mutum tasa'in, mutum ɗari na yau da kullum biyu siffofin karkatar ne: nominative da accusative lokuta da sifili karshen - arba'in zakara, da dare arba'in a cikin sauran hali siffofin - tare da kawo karshen -A: arba'in lita, game da ɗari kwanaki, da dai sauransu...
• adadi "dubu" ya musanya juna na sunaye na 1st declension: dubbai - inna, dubban - mãtã, dubu - na inna.
• da irin sunaye a karo na biyu declension aka sanya da kuma karkatar numerals "miliyan," "biliyan": miliyan - damisa, wani miliyan - damisa, wani miliyan - game da damisa.
• idan manyan hadaddun, sa'an nan da ƙi ya canja duk sassa. Alal misali, karkatar manyan lambobi daga hamsin zuwa tamanin sanya daidai da 3rd declension na sunaye: hamsin da shida - mahaifiyarsa, game da hamsin da shida - uwar.
• a hadaddun A adadi daga ɗari biyu zuwa hudu da ɗari karkatar bambanta da duka sassa: ɗari biyu, da ɗari biyu da ɗari biyu zuwa ɗari biyu da ashirin, da ɗari biyu da ashirin, da dai sauransu...
• domin ta dace declension manyan lambobi daga biyar zuwa tara dole ne ko da yaushe canza kashi na farko na kwaikwaya daga sunaye na 3rd declension, da kuma wasu siffofin da ya dace ga ãƙiba. Karkatar numerals na irin wannan ne kamar haka: babu wani da ɗari biyar rubles to ɗari biyar rubles, ɗari biyar rubles, game da ɗari biyar rubles.
• idan manyan lambobin fili, da karkata saurãrẽ zuwa gareshi duk da kalmomi, da suka kunshi: babu ɗari da arba'in da biyar mutane, sai ka ce ɗari da arba'in da biyar mutane yin wani ɗari da arba'in da biyar mutane magana game da mutum ɗari da arba'in da biyar maza.
• suna karkata daga nasu dokoki da kuma na gama numerals: 'yan mata biyu, babu' yan mata biyu su haura zuwa 'yan mata biyu, magana game da' yan mata biyu. ko: biyar sahabbansa, da biyar yan'uwansu, tare da biyar abokai, biyar daga comrades.
• ordinal lambobin nuna domin na abubuwa a cikin lissafi, ya jingina a cikin model na manufofi da wuya da kuma taushi akai: na farko - blue, da farko - blue, da farko - cikin blue na farko - cikin blue. na uku - blue, da uku - blue, da uku - blue, da uku - a blue. Tare da wannan algorithm karkatar ordinal lambobin sauki tuna.
• fractional sunayen numerals a karkatar hada siffofin na karkatar duka manyan lambobi da kuma ordinal.