Kifi-cin kifi. Abin da kuma yadda za a ciyar da kifaye a cikin teku?

Duniya tamu ne sanaki ban mamaki wakilan fauna, kowanne daga abin na da musamman halaye. Mun san da yawa game da su: misali, da koala ba ya sha ruwa, cat da kyau gani a cikin duhu, da kuma Dolphins da wani kusan mutum m. Kuma abin da ba mu sani game da kifi, sai dai cewa akwai da ake amfani da abinci, kuma akwai duk inedible kuma ko da m?

A cikin wannan labarin, za mu gaya game da ban mamaki mazaunan karkashin ruwa ji, da ciwon fins: game da rãyukansu a cikin zurfin, da kuma halaye game da abin da kifi ci, dangane da yanayi da suke rayuwa a.

Ba za ka samu da ba a sani ba duniya na karkashin ruwa mulki, inda ba kome ne don haka a kwantar da hankula da kuma zaman lafiya a matsayin alama da farko kallo. Alal misali, a cikin ruwaye rayuwa kifi, ciyar a kan kifi da kuma kananan dabbobi. Akwai ma rybolyuby-tsuntsaye da dabbobi da suke ba ƙi ci freshly kama delicacies.

Don kowane kansa menu

By da yanayin da hali da kuma cin halaye na kifi aka raba yafi a kan predatory da kuma zaman lafiya. Predatory - shi ne mai kifi-cin kifi, da kuma kawai wani lokacin amfani da mai daban-daban abinci. Su gagarumar barazana ga kifi-cin ganyayyaki, musamman ma wadanda na kananan size.

Aminci, bi da bi, su ne herbivorous, benthophages da plankton. Amma, yana da kifi da cewa ciyar a kan algae.

Herbivorous cinye phytoplankton na musamman, a cikin wasu kalmomi - iyo algae. Benthophages - kifi da cewa ciyar a kan algae cewa girma a kan zurfin (kira phytobenthos) da kuma Organic barbashi. Planktophages fi son zooplankton kuma ba su ƙi guda-celled kwayoyin cewa zauna cikin kogin.

Bugu da kari, akwai omnivores euryphages - kifi da cewa ciyar a kan kifi, algae da kananan kwaro. Su menu ne mafi bambancin.

kogin natsuwa

Neman a kogin, ba mu da wani ra'ayi nawa, daga dukan nau'i wasu halittu masu rai rayuwa a karkashin ruwa surface. Kowane yanki ne halin da "sets" na ruwa tare kifi. Alal misali, a cikin koguna a cikin ƙasa na Rasha da ake samu da irin wannan wakilan kamar yadda Bersh, irin kifi, Dace, Ruff, sturgeon, kifi, whitefish, Grayling.

Har ila yau a Rasha ruwa za a iya samu smelt, Pike, irin kifi, bream, Chub. Bugu da kari, akwai haka ƙaunataccen ta anglers irin kifi, minnows, irin kifi, roach, rudd, tench, catfish, burbot, perch. Kuma wannan ba wani cikakken jerin iri daban-daban.

Carnivorous da yara kogin

A feed a kan kifi a cikin kogi? Kowace daga cikinsu yana da rage cin abinci. River yan menu dogara a kan da yawa dalilai: da irin kasa (sand ko kankara), tsiren ruwan teku, har ma da lokaci na shekara.

Bari mu fara da classic da yara, da suka hada da kifi, kifi-cin. Yana Bersh, sturgeon, kifi, Pike, catfish, bano, kogin perch. Bari ta la'akari da su:

• Bersh nasa ne a gidan Okuneva kuma dubi sosai kama da perch. Wannan predatory makaranta da kifi, yanã cin toya na roach kuma Rudd. Kada ka yi shakka dauki kananan minnows da ruffs.
• Sturgeon nasa ne a gidan da wannan sunan. Wannan shi ne wani m predator cewa zai iya ji dadin abinci babban menu kuma "cizo" rana. A babban yawan kogin sturgeon ya auku ne kawai a lokacin da suka spawn. Wadannan migratory kifi da yara ci ba kawai a cikin sabo da ruwa, amma kuma m.
• Loach - manya-manyan wakilin kifi iyali, wanda aka dauke a predator domin shi ne ainihin m kifi caviar, kirim mai tsami da shi a cikin manyan yawa, game da shi, rage su yawan zuwa catastrophic rabbai. Har ila yau, kifi preys a kan kifi soya.
• Pike - kadai wakilin iyali na da wannan sunan. Yana da musamman m, voracious, predatory mutum. A rabon abinci ta abinci ya hada da irin ryboshki kamar irin kifi da kuma roach. Bugu da kari, da Pike "fama da" cin naman mutane: wadannan kifaye ne da yara ci karami wakilan su irin. A iri-iri a cikin menu iya yin Pike da kuma kananan dabbobi masu shayarwa (misali, linzamin kwamfuta), ya faru da zama a cikin ruwa. Har ila yau Pike ganima iya zama kananan cikin ruwa tsuntsaye kuma su matasa.
• Catfish na iyali soms a kan su cin halaye kama da Pike. Yana ciyarwa a kan ƙananan kifaye, da kuma waterfowl iya kai farmaki da kajin. Manyan wakilan ganima a kan manyan tsuntsaye, kazalika iya kawo kashe da ruwa kananan kare ko wani maraƙi. Akwai lokuta idan catfish farmaki tattabarai cewa da gangan rarake hatsi a ruwa ta baki. Wannan "zari" da abinci saboda gaskiyar cewa shi Ciyarwar kawai a cikin dumi yanayi, da kuma a cikin hunturu jin yunwa.
• Burbot nasa ne domin COD. Wadannan kifaye ne da yara nemi ganima da dare, da kuma ci ba kawai kifi, ciki har da juveniles kamar kansu, amma kuma rubabben dabbobi da kwaɗi.
• River perch ne duka mafarauci da ganima. Yana ciyarwa a kan ƙananan kifaye, da kuma shi kansa abincin ga Pike da zander.

karkashin ruwa masu cin ganyayyaki

Fararen hula a cikin zurfin na kogin - wani m kifi da cewa ciyar a kan algae da phytoplankton, detritus. Phytoplankton - wani kankanin shuka kwayoyin, wanda a manyan lambobin zauna tafkunan da koma ta hanyar da kogin.

Sau da yawa, phytoplankton ba su da bayyane ga tsirara ido, don haka mutane ba su ba shi da wani kima. Yawa daga cikin mu ba su ko sani game da wadannan microscopic kwayoyin, kuma duk da haka suka - overriding cin ganyayyaki constituting abin da ciyar da kifaye a cikin kogin. Wannan Gaskiya ne, jinsuna, kamar ciyawa irin kifi, azurfa irin kifi da kuma tench. Mu yi koyi game da su:

• Cupid - " 'yan qasar" na irin kifi iyali. Yana ciyarwa musamman kan kayan lambu abinci: laka, daban-daban algae da kuma ciyayi. Ya kuma iya amfani da kura idon a lokacin da ruwan tsufana na terrestrial shuke-shuke kogin.
• Irin kifi nasa ne da wannan iyali a matsayin irin kifi, da kuma fi son microscopic algae da detritus. Irin kifi bakinka - wani irin "tace na'urar", godiya ga wanda wannan kifi kore ruwa tacewa, kamar yadda wani irin kogin dubagari.
• Lin - sosai sedentary kifi fi son su rayu a kusa da tushe ko a cikin kelp gandun daji. Fiye da 60% na rage cin abinci kunshi algae.

omnivorous euryphages

Yana da ban sha'awa da cewa kusan dukkan masu na fins, ko m vegans ko dabbobi masu cin nama dabbobi masu cin nama a cikin tsawon aiki girma ne omnivores. A feed a kan kifi a cikin kogi, wanda ake classified a matsayin euryphages? Amsar mai sauki ce: kusan duk abin da samun a cikin bakinsu. Wannan kananan kogin plankton, crustaceans, molluscs, protozoa, kuma ko da kwari! Wannan Gaskiya ne, matasa dabbobi. Kalori rage cin abinci - shi ne wani muhimmin kashi, a cikin abin da kifi girma bukatun.

Ci kwari, "matasa" ba dole ba ne ya zama da yara, da kuma wanda ya ci da algae da toya ba ko da yaushe girma herbivorous. Duk da haka, akwai wasu kifi cewa riƙe da "omnivorous" cikin rayuwa:

• Elec - " 'yan qasar" na irin kifi iyali. Na ci kwaro zaune a kan kasa, kazalika da ciyayi da kuma kwari.
• Ruff nasa ne a gidan Okuneva. Ya ya wuce yarda da m kuma ya ci kullum. Babban rage cin abinci na wata Ruff - kwaro, kwari kuma su larvae, kananan mollusks, kifi qwai da kuma wasu jinsunan algae.
• Grayling - wakilin iyali na da wannan sunan. Kamar yadda Ruff, shi Ciyarwar a zooplankton, kwari, qwai da spawning kifi.
• Smelt - omnivorous kifi, wanda ba ya ji ƙyama daga duk wani abinci kamar qwai da kuma toya na sauran kifi, algae, benthic kwayoyin.
• Irin kifi - shi ne babban euryphage irin kifi iyali. Ya ba shi da ciki, don haka ya yunwa ba ta kasu ba. Wannan kifi ci mollusks, kwari larvae, zooplankton, zaune a cikin kasa wanda ya canja.
• Bream ne daban-daban daga mafi kifi kananan baki bude. Saboda wannan sifofin shi ne iya sha da manyan gari, don haka abun ciki tare da detritus, kananan kwari da tsutsotsi.
• Asp nasa ne da irin kifi iyali. The matasa na wannan kifi ciyarwa a kan kwari, zooplankton, kananan crustaceans. Balaga da mutane suna da sauya sheka zuwa "predatory" rage cin abinci. A daidai wannan ASP yana da wani hakora da aikatãwa su karami kifi, mai ban mamaki shi buga wutsiya. Ya ba ji ƙyama, da kuma manyan kwari, kamar malam, beetles, dragonflies.
• Karas - daya more wakilin kifi euryphages. Su abinci ne crustaceans, kwari larvae, molluscs, slime, algae, benthic plankton, Duckweed.
• Gudgeon - wani misali ne a benthophages. Yana ciyarwa a kan zooplankton, kananan kwari da kuma molluscs, kazalika da daban-daban kifi caviar.
• Rudd - kifi na irin kifi iyali. Yana da wani irin na "litmus gwajin" domin sanin ingancin ruwa - rudd rayuwa ne kawai a wanke a ruwan. Ta menu kunshi matasa harbe na daban-daban na cikin ruwa shuke-shuke, kwari kuma su larvae da kuma qwai da mollusks, wanda wannan kifi ne a kan Lily gammaye.
• Roach - wannan unpretentious abinci kifi na irin kifi iyali, yanã cin kananan crustaceans da leeches, mazari larvae, bloodworms, algae da tsaba.

Cin halaye na mazauna lake

Kada ka manta da cewa a cikin Bugu da kari ga koguna da tabkuna akwai fiye da ma gida dukan karkashin ruwa halittun: dodon kodi, frogs, crayfish. A cikin irin wannan kududdufai zaune Ozyornaya kifi abinci a kan kananan crustaceans: sturgeon, irin kifi, ciyawa irin kifi, tench, perch, bakan gizo kifi, irin kifi, roach, whitefish da IDE.

Kifi rai a cikin tafkin, yana da dan kadan daban-daban rage cin abinci fiye da kogin. Wannan shi ne saboda da musamman microclimate na ruwa. River predatory kifi kamar whitefish su cin halaye bambanta daga lake da cewa rage cin abinci a kan mafi yawansu, 60% kunshi phytoplankton da algae.

The most da kuma mafi voracious Ozyornaya kifi abinci a kan kananan crustaceans, phytoplankton da zooplankton - wani irin kifi. Kamar ta kogin "wa", ya taba ci abinci, domin shi ne mai kifi ba tare da wani ciki. Har ila yau, kananan crustaceans a manyan lambobin cin bream.

The mazaunan m teku

Tẽku mai zurfi, aka jiha tare da dukan wakilan fauna, musamman kifi. Kamar kogi, suna da zaman lafiya da predatory. A feed a kan kifin teku? Saboda gaskiya cewa shi ne mafi densely lugar da daban-daban kwayoyin, marine sanyi-menu ne mafi bambance bambancen fiye da su kogin "dangi."

Mafi na kowa teku "uwan" kogin filafilin kifi manyan mun gwada m hanyarsa ta rayuwa - mullet, herring, mullet, ja mullet da roach. Me "game da"? Saboda wadannan kifaye ciyar a kan algae, wani lokacin za su iya cin abinci kamar kansa.

Menu m kifi, da bambanci ga m mazaunan teku zurfin, mafi bambancin. A kifi abinci a kan teku-da yara? Yana da ban sha'awa mu san cewa a kananan predator da ƙege iya da kyau yi rage cin abinci da ya fi girma carnivorous kifi. Mafi na kowa daga cikin filin - shi ne mackerel, kifi, catfish, zurfin, halibut, mackerel, kifi, tuna, cod da perch.

Rage cin abinci don zaman lafiya marine kifi

1. Mullet nasa ne a gidan MULLETS. Shi ne mai muhimmanci da abinci da kifi na matsakaici size, wanda ciyarwa dentritom, Shellfish da tsiren ruwan teku, saboda haka dauke ƙasar kyautata teku.
2. Herring - da "ci" na duk. Ta soyayya tsuntsaye, marine dabbobi , kuma mun - da mutane. Yana ciyarwa a kan kananan crustaceans da zooplankton. Ya fi girma herring wakilan iya tafiyar da cin naman mutane, da cin matasa na nasu irin.
3. Mullet an dauki daya daga cikin mafi dadi kifi. Su abinci (zooplankton da Dentro), shi haƙa fita daga asalin sediments.
4. Kifi da wani funny sunan mullet ciyarwa a kan kananan benthic kwayoyin, yin amfani da su antennae for abinci fumbles.
5. Ram - daya daga cikin fi so ganima anglers. Yana take kaiwa demersal salon da kuma ci kananan mollusks da zooplankton.

The abinci na marine kifi da yara

1. Mackerel - shi ne daya daga cikin mafi m kifi ta cinye mutum. Wannan predator-euryphage, wanda ciyarwa biyu plankton da karami kamar shiryayye.
2. Pink kifi - wannan shi ne daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci wakilan da kama kifi da kifi iyali. A wasu ƙasashe, wannan kifi da ake kira "Rasha kifi". Its rage cin abinci kunshi mollusks, da kuma karami kifi, crustaceans kuma toya.
3. Catfish fi son ruwan sanyi, don haka ya rataya a fairly mai zurfin. Godiya ta zuwa ga kyau-ɓullo da jaws menu ne sosai m. Catfish ci crabs, clams, teku urchins, lobsters, tarwada da kuma jellyfish wani lokacin. Kada ƙyãmar catfish da kifi, waxanda suke da nisa m, a size.
4. Fama ne musamman saboda ta m bayyanar. Wannan lebur lady kaiwa demersal salon da preys a kan kananan kifi da crustaceans, kai hare hare da su daga m mafaka.
5. Halibut ne a iyali na flatfish da aka powered by guda a matsayin zurfin. Fĩfĩta aka bai wa capelin da pollock.
6. Mackerel - mai saurin mafarauci. Yana zama ganima kifi kamar irin kifi, ja mullet da mullet. Ya ba daina a kan nasu juveniles. Bi da bi, da doki mackerel - a fi so abinci ga dabbobin ruwa.
7. Salmon - mafi fi so mutane kifi. An yadu amfani da dafa a cikin kitchens na duniya. A cikin teku kifi abinci a herring, sprat, smelt, herring da crustaceans.
8. Tuna nasa ne a gidan Scombridae kuma shi ne mafi muhimmanci da kasuwanci kifi. Yana ciyarwa a kan cephalopods, da kuma wasu iri kananan kifi da squid da jatan lande.
9. Cod da walleye ba su bambanta ba su cin halaye daga sama "abokan aiki."

Menu akwatin kifaye Baƙi

A cikin akwatin kifaye akwai wani fashion Trend don tsara wani kwaikwaiyo na cikin tẽku mai zurfi. Don yin wannan, da akwatin kifaye da aka yi wa ado da murjãni, anemones da kuma fara m kifi daga cikin tekuna da kuma tekuna. Nemo dama "kamfanin" wani m mutum ne mai wuya a iya - domin da yawa mazaunan na karya-teku bayan da gilashin iya hallaka juna daidai da halaye na abinci. M kifi da yara za su ko da yaushe farautar lumana herbivores - shi ya kamata ya yi la'akari da lokacin da zabar wani a canza launin "mazauna" tare da fins. Musamman hankali ya kamata a biya su abin da Fed kifi a cikin teku. Mafi m carnivorous akwatin kifaye "kasashen waje baƙi" - a wurga, Astronotus, piranha, kifi, lionfish, Apistogramma, Yellow.

Na lumana mazaunan teku a cikin akwatin kifaye iya rayuwa wawa kifi, Dwarf gourami, angelfish, Neon, minors, tetras.

Idan ka shawarta zaka shirya a gidansa a karkashin ruwa duniya, shi wajibi ne don gano abin da mazauna ake azurtã akwatin kifaye a gida - a cikin teku, ko teku. Yara kamar Yellow Dine katantanwa da kananan crustaceans, kuma ma ba ƙi farautar kananan kifi. Ci gaba da sama da su da sauran cichlids, kuma Astronotus da piranhas.

Amma da algae - yana da abin da ya ciyar da kifin-wawa. Kazalika da mafi yawan sauran m akwatin kifaye mazaunan.

River kifi dayansu

Kifi-cin tsuntsaye, shi ne matukar hatsari a gare su, ko da kuwa su yanayi. Winged makiya kogin Wakilai - wannan black-gangarawa gulls, m herons, cranes, ungulu da fari-tailed. Wadannan voracious tsuntsaye iya halakar da wata babbar dama kifi. Mu yi koyi game da su:

• Black-gangarawa (kogin / baki-gangarawa gull) - shi ne omnivorous, cin wani tsuntsu nepereborchivaya kananan size. Saboda webbed paws tsuntsun seagull daidai iyo da kuma kama kifi daga surface na ruwa domin su ne, ba wuya.
• Gray herons da cranes - fairly manyan tsuntsaye, wadda fi son kawai dabba abinci. Kifi up to 80% na su rage cin abinci, da sauran 20% - shi ta kwãɗi, da hakori.
• Ungulu - kogi gaggafa. Suna da aka jera a matsayin miyagun. Ungulu - kifi-cin tsuntsaye kuma kawai shi! Su farautar amfani da clawed paws, kamawa ganima daga cikin ruwa. Ungulu - mafi mũnin abokin gaba da kogin ma'abũta ko da kuwa nau'in.
• White-tailed mikiya, kamar ungulu, da aka jera a cikin Red Littãfi. Yana da wani babban tsuntsu na ganima, ciyar a kan kifi, da karami tsuntsaye. Har ila yau a cikin fari-tailed mikiya menu hada da hares, ƙasa squirrels, marmots, da kuma sauran hakori. Ba su yi ƙyãmar mũshe.

Winged marine dayansu

Kifi cewa rayuwa a cikin tẽku, ba rigakafi daga abin da zai zama da abinci da tsuntsaye. Rãyukansu, sũ ne rayayye encroach feathered-gourmets masoya kamar yadda cormorants, albatrosses, petrels, gulls. A arewacin tekuna da kuma tekuna na kifi farauta penguins.

1. Dimilmilo - yana da quite wani babban tsuntsu da cewa ci ba kawai capelin, sardines da kuma herring, amma kuma clams. A idanun wadannan winged dayansu da m nictitating membrane wanda aka kura idon karkashin ruwa a lokacin da shi ne wani nau'i ne na karkashin ruwa tabarau. Tare da wannan sifofin na cormorants kyau ga abincinsa karkashin ruwa shafi.
2. Albatross - a teku tsira. Fiye da shekaru 30 da rayuwa na mutum daya jan wata babbar adadin kifi da Shellfish, squid da clams. Albatrosses iya nutse har zuwa 15 mita a cikin zurfin, kuma suna da wani musamman madaidaici ji na wari.
3. Puffin dubi kama kurciya, amma, sabanin karshen, yana mai yawa ya fi girma, kuma webbed ƙafafunsa. A rayuwa ta sake zagayowar daga waɗannan tsuntsaye ne 20-26 shekaru. Ikon da suka yi, daidai ne a matsayin cewa na albatrosses da cormorants. Har ila yau petrels sau da yawa bi jiragen ruwa podedu abinci sharar gida.
4. Gulls - kadai tsuntsayen da ba su da halitta makiya. Su main rage cin abinci - wannan shi ne da farko kifi da mollusks, kwari, kananan tsuntsaye da su qwai, crustaceans, mũshe da sharar gida. Wadannan wayo prilovchilis samun clams daga ko da mafi m bawo, faduwa su daga wani tsawo.
5. Penguins - tsuntsu-connoisseurs. Za su taba samun wani wulãkanci, ko stale kifi, kamar yadda ka yi da seagulls ko petrels. Su rage cin abinci ya kamata sosai freshly, shi kunshi plankton, kifi, krill, squid da cephalopods. Abinci tsantsa penguins, ruwa zuwa zurfin 20-70 mita.

The matsala da tudu

Bugu da kari ga tsuntsaye da kifi anglers maƙiya ne dabbobi. Cin kifi hudu kananan kafafu fauna taba rasa wata damar ji dadin wani fi so tasa. Musamman mai yawa "sukar lamiri masoya 'rayuwarsu a kan kogin. Abin da dabbobi ci kifi? Wannan muskrat, Otter, shrew, muskrat. Har ila yau, shi ne sosai m mink da kuma ci a manyan yawa.