Kowane endemic - shi ne mai ban mamaki ado na duniyarmu

Cosmopolitan da endemic jinsunan - jinsunan ne daura da juna a kan mazauninsu. Sunan yayi magana don kansa: ἔνδημος fassara daga Girkanci nufin "gida". M ayyuka na Flora da fauna a wani wuri aya kira endemism.

Inda suke zaune

Wadan da shuke-shuke, kazalika da wadan dabbobi, da tsuntsaye, kwari, yawanci samu a kowane daya kwarin da kunya, a wani hamada ko a Oceanic tsibiran. Za mu iya cewa wadan arziki a wurare da cewa ba su da ƙara nazarin halittu lambobi tare da wakilan da Flora da fauna daga wasu asashe. Wannan, misali, Madagascar, Hawaii, tsibirin na St. Helena.

A m Namib hamada a Afirka tsiro sabon abu shuka Welwitschia mirabilis - Welwitschia ban mamaki, shi ne kamar a kau- daga cikin bushe yashi tsawa, short geyser ban mamaki matafiyi m kyakkyawa.

Tsohon da sabon

Wuraren da za ka iya samun wadan - shi ne ba tsananin iyakance da yawan sarari, za su iya zama quite manyan. Wadan kimiyya da kira da kuma irin jinsin da shuke-shuke da dabbobi da suke da na kowa zuwa wani daya nahiyar ko sãshensa. Ga misali, mafi yawan wannan bishiya girma a Australia da kuma New Zealand, daya daga cikin jinsunan wannan shuka da aka samu kawai a Philippines. A wannan abu ya faru tare da wani musamman irin softwood - Metasequoia (Metasequoia glyptostroboides), wanda za a iya girma har zuwa talatin mita tsawo. Ta aka dauke dadaddun daga ƙasa, amma a tsakiyar karni na karshe, masana kimiyya samu wadanda itatuwa a cikin dutsen gandun daji na lardin Sichuan. Sa'an nan Metasequoia samu a wasu iyaka yankunan da Arewa Hemisphere. Masana sun ce wannan shi ne endemic - shi ne wakilin tsoho jinsin, wadda aka fi daidai kira paleoendemikom. A bambanci, akwai abin da ake kira neoendemics - sabon nau'in bayyana a cikin ruwan dare yankunan.

Wanda yake zaune a cikin sarari ruwa na Lake Baikal

Fito fiye da miliyan 25 da suka wuce, mafi zurfi sabo ruwa jiki ne sananne ga babban adadin endemic jinsunan. Masana sun gano cewa kowane uku mazauni na lake - shi ne endemic. Wannan kifi (Baikal sculpin, golomyanka, cisco), crustaceans (amphipod), kwaro (Sponges Baikal).

Lake Baikal alfahari mai girma ruwa tare da hatimi, wanda kuma ake kira Baikal hatimi. Wannan endemic jinsunan da aka samu a cikin arewacin da kuma tsakiyar sassa na lake. Baikal hatimi hibernates a burrows a karkashin dusar ƙanƙara ko kankara, raking su musamman iska ramuka - iska ramukan. Masu bincike yi imani da cewa da hatimin samu a cikin Baikal daga Arctic Ocean ta hanyar arewacin Yenisei River da kuma Angara River a Ice Age.

zamani sauran kaya

Daga cikin wasu shahararrun endemic dabbobi za a iya kira sojojin Marsupials da Oviparous. A mafi tsufa paleoendemiki ma kira zaune burbushin. Daga cikin wadannan malamai sun gano wata kungiyar na kusan dadaddun Crossopterygii. A ƙege da wadannan wakilan mulkin na ruwa sanya, a tsoka ruwan wukake. Yau, kadai Crossopterygii samfurori da ake samu a cikin shekara ta 1938 endemic kifi da ake kira coelacanth. Daya jinsunan wannan kifi rayukansu a kudanci da gabashin tekun na Afirka, da kuma sauran - a kusa da tsibirin na Sulawesi a Indonesia.

Mutane da yawa endemic jinsunan da aka jera a cikin Red Littãfi. Daga cikin su - da miyagun teku Caspian hatimi. A yammacin sahara, da South West Indian rai woody lvinohvosty macaques, wanda kuma ake kira Vander su a duniya akwai ba fiye da biyu da rabi dubu. Daya daga cikin mafi m jinsin dabbobi a duniya angonoka kunkuru mai suna.

The kalmar "endemic", kuma yana da wata alama da ma'anar, shi ne wani lokacin metaphorically amfani da lokacin da yake magana da al'adu da bambance-bambance, wanda ya faru a cikin ethnographic, addini, ko wani gida kungiyar.