Kwayoyin cutar da ƙwayoyin cuta - tushen da microworld

A cewar C. Woese, duk halittu masu rai suna zuwa kashi mahara domains. Su uku: kwayoyin cuta, archaea da eukaryotes. Ƙwayoyin cuta suna dauke su ba tare da daraja, category. Gaskiyar cewa ba duka masana kimiyya koma zuwa wannan kungiya na dabba mai rai duniya. Amma masu rinjaye, kazalika da mahaliccin da jarrabawa na wani RNA duniya, o ƙarin kungiyar ƙwayoyin cuta a raba yankin. Kuma wannan, duk da cewa kwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta ne mafi karami size tsakanin sauran abubuwa, kazalika da kawai shirya.

Asalin ƙwayoyin cuta da kwayoyin ne har yanzu a bude. Akwai ba ko da wani cikakken wakilci, wasu daga cikin wadannan kungiyoyi bayyana a baya. Shi ne ma'ana ya ɗauka cewa ƙwayoyin cuta da kwayoyin dole magabata, da kuma wani m na kowa asalin. A irin wannan hukunci to gina wannan mahanga ta farko. Amma wani cikakken nazarin wadannan kwayoyin kai ga ƙarasawa da cewa ƙwayoyin cuta bambanta daga kwayoyin cuta mafi muhimmanci fiye da a baya tsammani.

Ba kamar ƙwayoyin cuta daga kwayoyin cuta

A mafi muhimmanci na wadannan bambance-bambance ne hanyar rayuwa da cewa kwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta ne gaba daya daban-daban. Na farko, duk da sauki daga na'urarka ne raba abokai. Ko da idan suka rayu a cikin cell. Yadda za a yi da shi, kamar chlamydia. Ƙwayoyin cuta waje Kwayoyin ba su da wani nazarin halittu aiki. Ba su da wani jikinsu domin na farko metabolism. A barbashi na cutar kunshi biyu abubuwa. Wannan gene (shi ne wakilta daya ko biyu strands na ribonucleic acid) da kuma gina jiki harsashi. Wasu da wani ƙarin saman capsid harsashi.

Duk da ƙwayoyin cuta, dangane da irin ribonucleic acid sun kasu kashi biyu manyan kungiyoyin: da RNA- da DNA-dauke.

A siffar da ƙwayoyin cuta na iya zama dama zažužžukan.

• Icosahedron.
• Phages.
• Octahedra.
• Helical.

By girman kwayoyin da ƙwayoyin cuta ne quite daban-daban. Idan girma ake auna a raka'a ta farko, kuma daruruwan micrometers, da most cutar ba fiye da 1300-1400 nanometers. Saboda haka, mafi girma cutar ne karami fiye da karami kwayoyin.

virus pathogenicity dogara da ikon shiga cikin takamaiman Kwayoyin.

Ganin cewa wanzuwar kwayoyin cuta, mai hade da kariya daga zalunci da kuma ikon da kananan kwayoyin zuwa wani m karuwa a yawan da kuma siffar mazauna. A wasu kalmomin, saboda kwayoyin cuta, mafi muhimmanci "lashe" wani rai sarari ga zama.

Haka kuma, kwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta da daban-daban sensitivities zuwa kwayoyi da nufin halaka su. A mallaka interferons da su analogs kamar yadda antiviral kwayoyi mafi girma yadda ya dace. Don magance kwayoyin amfani da maganin rigakafi, wanda da wani sakamako a kan ƙwayoyin cuta.

A gaba dayan rayuwar sake zagayowar of ƙwayoyin cuta za a iya bayyana a dama, saukarwa. Da farko, da barbashi shiga cikin cell. Sa'an nan da cutar genome integrates a cikin cell genome. Last fara nuna kofe na cutar da kwayoyin halitta suna switched tare da kansa metabolism don ƙirƙirar konkoma karãtunsa fãtun na wadannan kwayoyin. Sa'an nan da cutar barbashi bar tantanin halitta, kuma shi duka yana farawa sake.

Ƙwayoyin cuta pathogenic ga mutane, haddasa cutar kyanda, karambau, rubella, poliomyelitis, AIDS, na numfashi cututtuka daga cikin manya na numfashi fili, da sauransu. Duk da yake kwayoyin ne originators na whooping tari, diphtheria, typhoid da sauransu.