Matsalolin muhalli a yankin na Arctic Hamada. Matsalolin muhalli da su haddasawa

A Arctic bautar wani yanki a high latitudes, iyakar abin da ke cikin Arctic Circle. A kan m yanayin kasa na yankin sun yi mummunan tasiri na halitta dalilai da ayyukan mutane. Wannan labarin ya bada jerin sunayen da musamman matsalolin muhalli a yankin na Arctic Hamada da kuma dukan yankin, ciki har da Arctic Ocean da tekuna, ƙasar da kuma tsibiran.

The matsalolin muhalli na Arctic

Halitta da Gwargwadon fasali na yankin hade tare da matsayi a cikin high latitudes da predominance na cikin ruwa yanayin kasa. A shekarar 1991, gwamnatocin kasashen da ƙasa a cikin Arctic Circle, dauko wani dabarun kare muhalli na Arctic. Bayan shekaru 5, aka sanya hannu a Ottawa jawabi, da kuma kafa da Arctic Council. The main manufofin da ta aikin alaka da ci gaba mai dorewa na Arctic yankin. A data kasance MDD muhalli shirin, wato, UNEP ya gano manyan matsalolin mahalli da:

• gurbatawa na Arctic tekuna da man kayayyakin.
• xumamar duniya, abu don narkewa na iyakacin duniya kankara iyakoki.
• kara a kama kifi da kuma sauran abincin teku samarwa;
• canza yanayi na kwayoyin a cikin Arctic.
• akan rage iyakacin duniya dabba alƙarya.
• m shipping.

canjin yanayi

Map zone Arctic bari yanzu sun shagaltar da kananan yankunan kan tekun na Greenland da Eurasia, North America, cikin tarin tsiburai da kuma tsibiran na Arctic Ocean. Da masu bincike gardamar cewa talakawan iska zafin jiki a cikin Arctic Circle Manuniya kara sauri fiye da sauran yankuna. Wannan ya riga ya jagoranci wani raguwa a yankin na halitta yankunan, da kuma a nan gaba shi iya bace.

A sauyin yanayi da aka Warming a kan taswira zone Arctic hamada ko'ina maye gurbinsu tundra. Yana razana nau'i nau'i na Flora da fauna saba da data kasance zazzabi Manuniya. Rayuwar 'yan asalin Arctic jama'a, da ma, shi ne a hadarin, saboda rayuwa na yawan for ƙarni kafa a kusa da hadin gwiwa tare da Flora da fauna.

Da narkewa na Arctic kankara da dusar ƙanƙara

Rasha Hydrometeorological Service for cikin shekaru 30 da aka samu a rage kankara a yankin teku zuwa arewa. A kudi na narkewa ya karu a cikin wannan ƙarnin na XX karni. A cikin wannan binciken lokacin saukar da wani raguwa a cikin kauri daga cikin kankara murfin sau 2. Masana sun yi imani da cewa a cikin shakka daga cikin XXI karni, wadannan matakai ci gaba. Matsalolin muhalli za a dada tabarbare tekuna, misali, ruwa Arctic sarari bazara so kusan gaba daya free na kankara. A baya can, za a bude a cikin kogin kwari na Arctic Ocean. A canje-canje zai shafi manyan yankunan a nesa na daruruwan ko dubban kilomita daga Coast.

Gurbacewar iska da kuma ruwan

Key muhalli al'amurran da suka shafi a yankin na Arctic hamada da kuma tundra suna hade tare da canja wurin da iska talakawa daga arzikin masana'antu yankuna na arewa maso yammacin Rasha, Tsakiya da kuma Arewacin Turai. Akwai asarar da ake kira acid ruwan sama - mai ruwa-ruwa mafita daga sulfur da nitrogen oxides. Irin adibas adversely shafi duka m yanayin kasa Arctic halakar da wata turɓãya, sai wãbilin a tundra, adversely shafi ruwa aiki na kwayoyin da aka wakilta a cikin makirci kasa.

Babban kafofin gurbatawa, m matsalolin muhalli a yankin na Arctic hamada - An Mining da kuma sufuri. A yankin ma yana da sansanin soja da kuma masana'antu da wuraren sarrafa halitta raw kayan. A yanayin kasa na fall:

• watsi da effluents na masana'antu da kamfanonin da jama'a utilities.
• samar da abinci da kuma aiki na hydrocarbons (man fetur da kuma iskar gas).
• nauyi karafa da kuma sauran tõzarta na metallurgical samarwa;
• wasu guba abubuwa (phenol, ammonia da sauransu).
• da yawa pollutants daga bakin teku sansanonin.
• sharar gida jirãge aiki a kan makaman nukiliya man fetur.

Kintace na da muhalli halin da ake ciki a cikin Arctic

Masana sun yi imani da cewa a arewacin iyakacin duniya yankin na duniya, da Arctic hamada zone musamman, zai ci gaba da za a fallasa su iko anthropogenic gurbatawa. Kara yawan aiki a kan nahiyar shiryayye, inda hakar da kuma sufuri na albarkatun ne riga dauke da underway. Dubban mai derricks tsotso mai a cikin Arctic, bisa ga muhalli kungiyoyi, kowane biyu na su zamanto yayyo na raw kayan.

Matsalolin muhalli a cikin Arctic hamada zone. asarar rabe-raben

A fauna daga cikin sanyi garin kankara al'arshi na Arctic Circle aka wakilta wani karamin yawan dabbobi masu shayarwa jinsunan. Dabbobi masu rarrafe da halittar dabba mai kafafuwa a cikin wannan yankin ne mãsu fakowa ba. Yawan tsuntsaye ne game da 4 sau fi da cewa dabbobi masu shayarwa. Wannan bayani da babban motsi na tsuntsaye, da yanayi na hijira, da ikon yawon tsawon nisa a search na abinci. A cikin tsibiran da Coast, inda akwai kananan yankunan na Arctic hamada, da fauna da aka wakilta dabbobi masu shayarwa da tsuntsaye. Akwai walruses, like, iyakacin duniya beyar, Arctic Foxes, lemmings. A mafi yawa wakilan waterfowl - a duck, eider ducks, guillemots da auks.

Matsalolin muhalli a cikin Arctic hamada zone hade da "rookeries" - m mazauna tsuntsaye. Su ne m saboda shipping bukatar su kariya, musamman a lokacin kiwo lokacin.

Nature kiyayewa a cikin Arctic Circle

Masana sun ce wannan gagarumin cutar da m yanayin kasa na Arctic sa farauta. Alal misali, mafarauta cikin ruwa dangane da Rasha a shekara samar game da 300 na iyakacin duniya Bears.

Sauran muhalli barazana a yankin, bukata ceaseless hankalin muhalli kungiyoyi:

• muhalli.
• kara adam matsa lamba;
• kara yawan sharar gida dashi matsala.
• canjin yanayi.

Lokaci guda tare da narkewa daga cikin kankara yanki ne ma rage permafrost, akwai hatsari hydrometeorological mamaki a kan waɗansu kõguna na ga wannan pool. Native da dan hanya yawan jama'a a cikin Arctic Circle ma shan wahala daga gurbatawa m yanayin da yankin. The matsalolin muhalli na Arctic da ba kawai yanki, amma kuma duniya muhimmanci. A cikin Rasha Federation da adana namun daji, kare yanayi daga gurbatawa da kuma rage daraja halitta Arctic reserves. The most of su: Kandalaksha, Great Arctic, Wrangel Island, Taimyr.