Mene ne clarinet? iri clarinets

Kowane mutum ne saba patter game da yadda Carl Clara saci murjãni da Clara Carl saci wani clarinet. Tun da murjãni a general ko ta yaya m, amma da yake da clarinet, da ra'ayin ba a duk. Wajibi ne a gudanar da wani binciken da wani yawon shakatawa na tarihi na halitta, tsawon da kuma bayanin wannan ban sha'awa m kayan aiki.

Gani, shi ne wani bututu ko wani bututu, da ake kira da clarinet. Kuma duk da haka, abin da mai clarinet? Wannan iska m kayan aiki da wani sabon abu da sauti. Amma inda ya fito da kuma wanda ya iya ya halicci wannan fitacciyar? Don amsa wannan tambaya dole ne mu yi tafiya da baya a lokacin da dan kadan.

A tarihin clarinet

Asalin da clarinet daukan a karshen XVII - farkon XVIII karni. Wannan kayan aiki ne aiki tukuru Nuremberg m artist Johann Karin Denner. A gaskiya ma, cikin master kokarin inganta zane na Chalumeau (sarewa). A 1701, a cikin sabon Chalumeau bayyana kararrawa. Azahiri, sabon soket kama da bututu clarion. Af, da sauti da aka ma kama da kayan aiki, wanda aka samu daga kalmar Latin clarus - «share». Sai ya zama a bayyane yake cewa yana da wani mabanbanta, wani sabon m kayan aiki. Tare da wadannan siffofin m kayan aiki kira clarinetto. Wannan ne Italian sunan, wanda ke nufin "kadan clarino». Musical kayan zama da aka sani da suna "kananan bututu", da kuma sunan, "clarinet" - wani gajeren na clarion.

Da zaran clarinet ba kammalã! A musamman wuri Ina son ka dauki Yakubu Denner, shi ne gode wa kokarin da, da clarinet aka sanye take da wani bawul. Wannan ba duk da cewa sanya Yakubu Denner.

Biyu kawai bawul? A'a, wannan ba karshen don inganta clarinet. Wahayi zuwa gare kyautata, talented kida aspired zuwa more duniya canji, kuma ya bayyana more bawuloli. Kawai a 1790 sun bayyana karshe shida Clarinet bawul. A wannan highbrow maza yanke shawarar dakatar da lokaci. Amma a cikin XIX karni da clarinet saba da cewa amfani da kawai da sarewa - shi ne mai tsarin na zobe bawuloli.

Idan jerin dukan waɗanda suke na da hannu a cikin wannan ban mamaki m kayan aiki, a cikin sanannun mutane za a jera. Daga cikin su akwai irin wannan m zukatan kamar yadda Berthold Fritz, Ezhen Albera, Xavier Lefebvre, Karl Berman, kuma ko da Adolf Saks.

Bisa tarihi data, yana yiwuwa ba a bayyana amsar wannan tambaya na abin da yake cikin clarinet. Wannan shi ne wani ci-gaba tsohon Faransa sarewa, wanda shi ne kusan 20 bawul marẽmari, mai yawa sukurori, da gatura da kuma ko da sanduna. Amma juyin halitta daga cikin clarinet ci gaba da wannan rana.

The musamman da suka bambanta da wannan kayan aiki ne a bayyane a sosai lokacin lokacin da ka bude wani hali tare da shi, da kuma a wannan lokacin da ya kamata mu qara fadawa cikin ilimin halittàr jiki da wannan fitacciyar.

Kakaki

Mene ne wannan? A bayyanar Kakaki, ya dubi kamar tsuntsu ta baki. Ya naúrar cancanci kulawa ta musamman, saboda wannan kashi a cikin sauti na kayan taka muhimmiyar rawa. An lankwasawa ko sako. Kakaki da aka dauka a cikin bakinka domin infuse da shi tare da iska. Kuma wannan ne sauti rinjayar duk abin da:

• nesa daga koli na mutu zuwa ƙarshen kara.
• sako, ko kuma wajen da tsawon.
• da kwana na karkatacciya Kakaki.

Amma ba kawai Kakaki, a haɗe zuwa wani sauti kayan aiki.

ganga

Idan ka duba a clarinet, tambaya taso: abin da yake a cikin sa ga kadan ganga? Wannan cask ne ke da alhakin gyara na clarinet. Godiya ga shi, canza kayan aiki. Canje-canje faruwa ga kwata sautin. Don yin wannan, kafin wasan ne dan kadan mika ko, conversely, tura ganga daga cikin gidaje. Yana ba bawuloli, amma ba sunan manufacturer, wanda babu shakka sa da kayan aiki mafi m kuma na gani sha'awa.

kara

Wannan bangare na kayan aiki da kuma ake kira da harshe - bakin ciki kunkuntar farantin, wanda ya fitar da sauti. Wannan bangare na clarinet aka sanya na kyauro, amma ba wanda za a iya gani a bakin kogin ko lake, kuma daga na musamman. Abin baƙin ciki, tafiya da sauri sa fita. Bayan fiber kyauro - ba oak. Idan a kowace rana domin kawai 1 hour yi wasa music, a cikin 3 makonni zai zama mai bukatar sabon canes. A karfi da iska ya kwarara a cikin ƙaho, da sauri da lalacewa.

saukar da kafar

Babbar bangare na dokar da clarinet za a iya daukan ƙananan gwiwa. A gefen dama ne bawuloli wanda aka sanya daga karfe. Akwai toshe kwalaba zobe, wanda za a iya samu a kasa. Ga a ƙasa, kuma da gwiwa ne jumper to connect manya da ƙananan gwiwa.

A babba gwiwa

Same kamar abu. Ba kamar ƙananan manifolds, bawuloli aka shirya a kan m, bar gefe. Upper kasa ƙananan gwiwa. Amma wannan bambanci ba ya kawo karshen akwai. Idan ƙananan daya gwiwa toshe kwalaba fili, akwai biyu. Suka kira kawai kamar wata dabba - tendons.

Ga kyau launin waƙa yatsunsu da sauri ko a hankali fada, rufe, kuma Yunƙurin, bude kofa ramukan da cewa suna located a kan m kayan aiki hali.

Af, idan mun yi magana game da ramuka, sa'an nan a gefen dama za mu iya ganin su shida, da kuma a kan mayar da za ka iya ganin a fili wani. Total bakwai. Amma akwai more. Ga sauran ramuka amfani bawuloli. Wannan shi ne wani bawul inji cewa wakiltar wani bond tsakanin sukurori, axles, da sauran sassa na kayan aiki. Wannan tsarin ne quite hadaddun, da kuma fahimtar da shi yana da wuya.

kararrawa

A mazurari yana da mazurari siffar ko kararrawa. Lokacin da wasa da clarinet, shi ne mafi kamar busar ƙaho fiye da wani sarewa. Daga mai yawan tagulla clarinet mafi agile, amma har yanzu baya zuwa sarewa. Ko da yake, kamar sarewa, da clarinet Head dama saukar da soket.

Yakubu Denner da kyau yi aiki a kan wannan sabuwar dabara, domin shi ne kararrawa ya ba more daidaici. Musamman daukan hankali ne clarinet rubutu sauti mi kananan octave. Amma wannan shi ne mafi ƙasƙanci rubutu! Shi ya sa ya yiwu ne kawai ta hanyar da mazurari. Ko da yake clarinet virtuoso da kuma kayayyakin aiki, amma swiftness kuma lightness sarewa dan kadan a kasa. Duk da haka, a lokacin da wasa da clarinet, da songs ana tsinkayarsu haske da kuma hotunan bayyana bayarda.

The sauti na clarinet

Da zarar a cikin zauren busa clarinet, da music daukan a irin wannan nisa da cewa kwarewa ba za a manta. Ina ganin ya iya yi wani abu, ko da kuwa ko shi sauti a kansu, ko kuma a jummai. Wannan katako kayan aiki masterly da grandiose haifar da wani abu m, duhu, kamar a wani lokacin farin ciki hazo a cikin hadari. Kuma a nan anxiously zuciya fara buga. Daga sharrin shrill kira na da wannan kayan aiki, za ka iya yi tsalle zuwa shafin da kuma ji dadin daban-daban motsin zuciyarmu daukar kwayar cutar makadi. Da ciwon daban-daban muryoyin, clarinet kawai magically aika da mutum murya, kuma ko da pronounced dariya, ga alama cewa wani yana magana da kai, gunaguni, ko kuka, farin ciki, ko ajiyar. Kuma shi ke da kyakkyawa ne zuwa kashi da dama rajista. Kuma kowa da kowa yana da wani murya Register. A taushi tashi ni'ima, da kyalkyali magana. Abin da kawai m na clarinet! Wannan kusan inaudibly singing, haske a matsayin mai iska, da kuma karfi m m sauti. Kuma duk wannan - clarinet. Hotuna da wannan kayan aiki ne ba su iya kai duk da cewa alherin, wanda yana iya.

Hanyar clarinet a cikin ƙungiyar makaɗa

Za mu iya amince ce cewa a yanzu da clarinet a cikin ƙungiyar makaɗa makawa. Da farko, a clarinet kamar yadda orchestral kida bi da tare da tuhuma da tsoro. Amma a kan lokaci, juyayi ga shi girma. Kuma ga clarinet fara rubuta da yawa ayyuka, wanda ya ba da sabo numfashin da kuma sabon abu canza launi. A tsakiyar karni XVIII clarinet ƙaho sosai dace a cikin mawaka, inda suka raira waƙa yaki songs da wasa dace music. A mawaki na dumi Italian Gregorio Shiroli a 1770 rubuta quite lovely sonata ga wannan ban sha'awa kayan aiki. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart da Haydn - shi ke da suka taimake clarinet da tabbaci zauna ba cikin mafi munin matsayi a matsayin cikakken fledged m kayan aiki.

Mozart yanke shawarar a kan wani m tafi a lokacin da shiga amfani da clarinet a wani coci aiki. Ya kuma rubuta daya daga cikin mafi kyau a cikin sharhin wannan musamman kayan aiki, da kuma a cikin tarihi ya nuna - yana da Concerto for Clarinet da Orchestra. Kuma a cikin kaka Prague aikin wani laifin nasara.

Yana zo ga ƙarshe, a 1791. Ba da da ewa clarinet zama mafi bayyane da kuma janyo hankalin more kuma mafi hankali ga composers. Inda ba kawai ya gana da sauti: Wagner, Beethoven, Weber, Mendelssohn, Schubert, Tchaikovsky, Berlioz, kuma da yawa wasu composers ba su kubuta da hankali clarinet. Liszt a symphonic waqe amfani da melodious m kayan aiki. Daya samun ra'ayi cewa clarinet - wani kayan aiki ba tare da abin da shi kawai ba zai iya yi, idan kana so ka bayyana cikar kuma kwarjinin su ji a music.

A Myunhene Karl Maria von Weber shiga amfani da clarinet matsayin solo kayan aiki. Wannan taron ya faru a cikin watan Maris 1811. Nasarar wani foregone ƙarshe. Wahayi zuwa gare ta wannan nasarar, Weber nan da nan a wannan shekara, ya rubuta guda biyu mafi for clarinet Concerto. Yanzu wani tagulla band ba zai zama haka mai haske da kuma m ba tare da clarinets.

Music halittar kuma da iri clarinets

Kamar yadda aka rubuta ayyukansu da clarinet? Kamar yadda da dukan sauran kida da taimakon music kuma, ba shakka, yin wahayi. A cikin key na Fa music for clarinet ba da aka rubuta. Kuma rubuta a cikin key na Sol. Kawai a cikin wannan hanya, da kuma shi ba zai iya zama in ba haka ba. Bayan duk, mun yi kokari in ba haka ba. Samun 'yan m. Idan ka kwakkwance sauti da cewa su ne a sama tsakiyar uku octave, da karin sauti o ƙarin ɗaya zuwa gaba, da mafi wuya ya zama sharper da kuma ji. Ya kamata a lura da cewa piano na iya zama mai kyau kwarewa ba quite m sauti mataki a cikin G Sharp da kuma tsakiyar saukarwa. Amma lokacin da music na ƙungiyar makaɗa ne a forte, da mai sauraro ba lura da wannan. Dindindin zama a cikin ƙungiyar makaɗa samu irin wannan mataki a matsayin a B-lebur, da kuma sauran na huɗu octave. Dangane da abin da yake wajibi sauti amfani clarinet a A, a B, C in, a Es. M iya amfani da contrabass clarinet da basset.

To, abin da yake cikin clarinet? Wannan shi ne wani kafiri sauraro kwarewa na music da kuma ji na Flying da farin ciki bayan da concert.