Mene ne eukaryotes: definition, tsarin fasali

Mene ne wani eukaryote? Amsar wannan tambaya da yake a cikin tsarin da siffofin daban-daban na Kwayoyin. A nuances na kungiyar, da kuma muka dubi a cikin wannan labarin.

Tsarin fasali na cell

Kwayoyin na rayayyun kwayoyin halitta suna classified bisa ga daban-daban sharudda. Daya daga cikinsu - cikin kungiyar na hereditary kayan dauke a cikin DNA din. Eukaryotes - kwayoyin ne, a Kwayoyin wadda aka yi wa ado da kwaya. Wannan dvumembrannaya organelle hada da kayyade abu. A prokaryotes, wannan tsari ne mãsu fakowa ba. Wadannan kwayoyin suna da kowane irin kwayoyin da archaea.

A tsarin da prokaryotic Kwayoyin

Babu kwaya ba ya nufin cewa prokaryotic kwayoyin ne ba hereditary abu. Haka kuma an shigar wanda ke aiki a cikin jerin nucleotides. Duk da haka, kwayoyin bayanai da aka ba wa ado core da kuma wakilta guda madauwari jigidar halittar DNA. An kira a plasmid. Irin wannan kwayoyin ne a haɗe zuwa ciki surface na jini membrane. Sel na da irin wannan suna kuma hana wani yawan takamaiman wasu gabbansa. Prokaryotic kwayoyin halin da m, kananan size da kuma low matakin na kungiyar.

Mene ne wani eukaryote?

Wannan babban rukuni na kwayoyin sun hada da wakilan duk shuke-shuke, da dabbobi, da fungi. Ƙwayoyin cuta ne da ba-salon salula siffofin rayuwa, don haka a cikin wannan rarrabuwa ba su dauke.

A surface naúrar cell prokaryotes wakilci jini membrane, da kuma ciki abinda ke ciki - cytoplasm. Wannan shi ne wani ciki da Semi-ruwa yanayi, wanda ya aikata wani aiki da goyon bayan, integrates duk Tsarin tare. Domin sel prokaryotes ma halin da kasancewar wani yawan takamaiman wasu gabbansa. Wannan Golgi hadaddun, endoplpzmaticheskaya cibiyar sadarwa plastids lysosomes. Wasu sun gaskata cewa eukaryotes - kwayoyin ne a Kwayoyin cewa rasa mitochondria. Amma ba haka. Wadannan wasu gabbansa a eukaryotic Kwayoyin suna da wurin da samuwar kwayoyin na ATP makamashi jigilar kayayyaki a cikin cell.

Eukaryotes: kwayoyin misalai

Eukaryotes ne uku mulkokin yanayi. Duk da haka, duk da kamance a cikin kwayoyin jikinsu akwai gagarumin bambanci. Alal misali, inji halin da dauke qware da wasu gabbansa chloroplast. Yana da yake a wadannan hadaddun photochemical aiwatar auku tana mayar inorganics to glucose da oxygen. Animal Kwayoyin irin Tsarin ba. Sun iya zuwa sha kawai shirya gina jiki. Bambance-bambance tsakanin tsarin da kuma tsarin da surface na'ura. A dabba Kwayoyin a kan jini membrane ne glycocalyx. Yana da wani danko sosai surface Layer sosotoyaschy sunadarai, lipids, kuma carbohydrates. Domin shuke-shuke, halin da cell bango. An located a kan jini membrane. A cell bango an tsare ta hadaddun carbohydrates cellulose, kuma pectin, wanda ba shi ƙarfi, kuma rigidity.

Menene eukaryotes, wanda aka wakilta wani rukuni na fungi? Sel na wadannan m kwayoyin hada tsarin fasali na biyu shuke-shuke da dabbobi. A tsarin da cell bango carbohydrates ne cellulose da chitin. Duk da haka, ba su dauke da chloroplast tsitoplpzma, saboda haka, kamar dabba Kwayoyin, m kawai don bayar heterotrophic Hanyar.

Advanced fasali na tsarin eukaryotes

Me duk eukaryotes ne kwayoyin da cewa sun cimma high matakan da ci gaba da kuma yada a fadin duniya? Da farko, godiya ga babban matakin specialization na wasu gabbansa. Zobe molekuda DNA dauke a cikin sel kwayoyin cuta, na samar da mafi sauki hanya na haifuwa - cell division a biyu. A sakamakon wannan tsari na samar daidai kayyade kwafin 'yar Kwayoyin. Sake bugun, irin wannan, haƙĩƙa, tabbatar da ci gaba na al'ummomi da kuma samar da isasshe da sauri sake kunnawa da irin wannan Kwayoyin. Duk da haka, bayyanar sabon haruffa a cikin division a biyu, da kuma magana ba zai iya tafi. Wannan yana nufin cewa daidaita da wa canza yanayi, wadannan kwayoyin iya ba. Domin eukaryotic Kwayoyin halayyar da jima'i tsari. A tafarkinsa, akwai wani musayar kayyade bayanai da kuma ta recombination. A sakamakon haka, mutane suna haife tare da sabon, sau da yawa amfani da ãyõyinMu, wanda ake gyarawa a cikin genotype da za a iya daukar kwayar cutar daga tsara zuwa tsara. Wannan shi ne wata alama ce ta kayyade bambancin, wanda shi ne tushen ci gaba.

Saboda haka, a wannan labarin, za mu dubi abin da eukaryotes. Wannan ra'ayi ne mai kwayoyin wanda Kwayoyin dauke da wani tsakiya. Wannan rukuni na kwayoyin sun hada da wakilan duk shuka da dabbobi rai, kazalika da fungi. A core ne m sifar tantanin halitta wanda ya samar da ajiya da kuma canja wurin da kwayoyin informitsii kwayoyin shigar wanda ke aiki a cikin nucleotide jerin DNA din.