Mene ne ido? Menene ido a jikin mutum?

Da ikon ya dauki a bayanai game da duniya ta hanyar wahayi - mafi ban mamaki da kuma amfani adam iyawa. Mun imprinted da hoton abin da ke faruwa, kamar photo. The ido ne "Tantancewar na'urar", wanda damar mana mu ga duniya da kuma aika bayani game da shi.

Eyes - da jikin mutum

Kamar yadda masana ilimin tunani, daga 70 zuwa 80% na bayanai da muka gane gani. A Tantancewar tsarin da ido, kamar yadda idan kamara yana da musamman m garkuwa da sunadaran nuna daga wani abu, kuma zalunta samu bayani. To, abin da yake da idanu da kuma yadda za a gabatar da mu gani?

Kokon na jikin mutum da aka located a cikin kwasfa. Wadannan cavities an kafa ta dama kasũsuwa, ashe, ciki har da na sama da muƙamuƙi, sandan-dimbin yawa, latticed, zygomatic, frontal. Eye soket ne a dala, tip wadda ke fuskantar a cikin girman kwanyar rami, kuma a nan ne na gani tashar da na gani Ramin ta hanyar abin da sadarwa jijiyoyi da jini na zuciya da sauransu.

Mene ne ido? Wannan siffar zobe jiki tare da diamita na game 24-25 mm, wanda aka cika da ruwa a ciki, kuma kunshi uku bawo. Movement na eyeball saboda aikin na shida tsokoki: babba, m, ciki, m, manya da ƙananan QFontDatabase skew. Don wani m na'urar kuma ya hada da eyelids, gashin idanu, girare. Kada ka manta game da lacrimal gland shine yake, wanda shi ne asirin wanke da kuma game da shi moistens surface na ido.

A tsarin da eyeball

Mene ne ido cikin sharuddan ilmin halitta? Shi ne da sashin jiki na gani, wanda aka cika da mai bayyana ruwa. Ido rufe uku membranes: da sclera, choroid kuma akan tantanin ido. Aiki sun fi mayar da sanin tsarin da ido, da photo na wanda aka nuna a kasa.

Sclera - da thickest na ido. Yana aikin wani m aiki, amma kuma a gaban rabo Forms cornea, wanda aka kunshe a jikin wani Tantancewar na'ura. A iyakar cornea da sclera ne limbus dace yankin.

A choroid aka riddled da yawa tasoshin, wanda aiki ne iko da dukan jiki. Wannan membrane siffofin ciliary ko ciliary jiki (a tsoka), wanda shi ne alhakin da canji a curvature da ruwan tabarau, Ina nufin, domin masauki. Har ila yau, wanda aka samu choroid ne Iris, wanda yana da wani rami a tsakiyar - da almajiri. A launi na Iris sun fi mayar da kayyade launi da idanu da kansu: su ne launin ruwan kasa, kore, da launin toka, ko blue.

Akan tantanin ido - ne ciki na ido. Ga suna located gani pigments hada da sandunansu, kuma suka Cones, wanda ke da alhakin ji da kuma image. A gaskiya, da retinal farko kafa wani inverted image, bayanai to, wanda aka ruwaito da occipital yankin na cerebral bawo.

A Iris raba yankin tsakanin cornea da ruwan tabarau a cikin biyu da bẽnãye: a gaban kuma a mayar da wanda aka cika da ruwa-ruwa mutumci. Ayyuka da cewa su ne ruwa abinci da ruwan tabarau da kuma cornea, kazalika a wajen gutsura hasken masaƙa.

Babban gani pigments

A Tantancewar tsarin da ido ya sa ya yiwu don gane da launi image lokacin da rana da kuma baki da fari da dare. Domin na farko alhakin Tsarin kamar Cones. Mafi yawan su maida hankali ne a yankin na tarin rubuce-rubuce luteum, wanda ke mayar da hankali da mafi yawan haske samu.

Wadannan pigments ne Cones:

1. Eritlab - ne ke da alhakin ji na inuwõyinta suna kusa, ja da rawaya.

2. Hlorolab - ne ke da alhakin ji na kore bakan haske.

3. iodopsin - ne ke da alhakin ji na sanyi blue da kuma Violet tabarau.

A cikin duhu Cones gushe aiki, da kuma maimakon su da aikin da Wand hada. Wadannan Tsarin samar da baki-da-fari image, da kuma pigment da cewa shi ne alhakin da shi, da ake kira rhodopsin. An tabbatar da cewa mutane da na gani sa ciwon ganin mafi alhẽri a cikin duhu.

Mene ne ido a matsayin Tantancewar tsarin?

Don nuna siffar a kan ido duka da ido kamata buga hasken katako nuna daga cikin abu. Wannan katako aka refracted da kuma mayar da hankali ta wajen wani hadadden Tantancewar na'ura na ido. Abin da ake ta Tsarin samar?

The mafi girma mataki na refraction yana da wani cornea. Shi ne kuma na farko tsarin a cikin hanyar hasken masaƙa. Bugu da ari, shi ya wuce ta almajiri da aka refracted dan kadan saboda da miƙa mulki ga ruwa matsakaici, kamar yadda a cikin Kwayoyin ne ido ruwa-ruwa mutumci. Next, hasken da aka refracted sake lõkacin da ya je da ruwan tabarau na ido.

Yadda aka saba, a katako na haske ya kai ga ayyukan marubuta luteum a kan haske a jikin. Idan ya mayar da hankali kafin kai haske a jikin, akwai wata cuta - myopia. Idan haske da dama a kan yankin na akan tantanin ido, akwai wani nisa-sightedness. Wannan abin da ido, da kuma abin da ayyuka suna yi da sashen gani.