Mene ne kwamfuta cutar

Sababbin sun kawai kwanan nan ya fara gano a duniya na fasahar kwamfuta, shi ne sau da yawa tambaya a kan forums game da abin da a kwamfuta cutar. Yanzu wadannan al'ummomi suna samuwa ga kowa da kowa, da ka kawai da rubuta dama kalmomi a browser da address bar. Duk da haka, quite sau da yawa akwai mutanen da suke bai san abin da a kwamfuta cutar. Haka kuma, irin wadannan mutane su ne tushen hatsari rikice, mistaking kansu, gaya sauran ba daidai ba bayani. A cikin wannan takarda za mu yi kokarin bayyana a fili harshen cewa a kwamfuta cutar, su raba tsakanin "alkama daga ƙaiƙayi."

Ƙwayoyin cuta ne kananan shirye-shirye sau da yawa suna da ikon mallaka cloning (haifuwa) da kuma yin maras so ayyuka da kwamfuta mai shi.

Daga wannan definition, za mu iya samu a yawan sakamakon, kuma su ayyana mafi daidai da abin da wata kwamfuta cutar:

- All daga gare su, ko da yaushe (ko ta wani hanya) a boye gabansu. In ba haka ba, za su iya kawai cire (hutu serviceability).

- Duk wani kafofin watsa labarai, da fayil tsarin wanda a yarda kai tsaye dama (rumbun kwamfutarka, flash drive), ana haɗa ka da kamuwa da kwamfuta, shi ne yiwuwar hatsari ga "tsarki" tsarin, saboda cutar kwafi masu kunnen doki kansu a gare shi.

- Virus - ba wani abu ephemeral, kuma ya fi na kowa aikace-aikace, don haka shi za a iya kai tsaye ko a kaikaice gano da kuma udelali musamman wajen. Bugu da ƙari, saboda wasu dalilai, da ƙwayoyin cuta, rubuta ga wani takamaiman wuri (DOS Vindous, Linux), da sauran bai yi aiki ba.

- Duk wani ayyuka yi ba tare da mai amfani da ilmi ba, sun ba a ke so. Kuma kamar yadda ƙwayoyin cuta sukan halitta to sata sirri bayanai, da qeta.

A ka'ida, domin fahimtar wannan shi ne isa. Don samun karin, ya kamata ka familiarize kanka da abin da su ne iri na ƙwayoyin cuta.

Yana da bayyana irin cutar da matsaloli. A halin yanzu, akwai dubban irin wannan malware. Manufofi biyã ta farko cutar marubuta, ta sha bamban daga cikin na zamani. Idan a baya, a alfijir na Internet, ƙwayoyin cuta da aka halicce su karya da "wanda aka azabtar" na kwamfuta kamar cewa, ba tare da wani dalili na musamman, shi ne a yanzu m amfani kwana kafa a saman. An misali na shirin ne na farko tsara bayyana a shekarar 1996 «Win95 CIH» (tsutsa), wanda a wani lokaci lalata da bayanai a kan wuya tafiyarwa ko kwamfutar sanya inoperative. Wadannan malicious shirye-shirye har yanzu ana halitta, amma mafi fitattu kuma da yawa kasa akai-akai. Alal misali, yanzu da irin wannan "m" da cutar na iya zama CPU m lissafin ko ƙwaƙwalwar sunã zubar, yin tsarin aiki ba zai yiwu ba. Dukan ajin ake cewa "tsutsotsi." Don harba isa ya gudu (ciki har da aikin na AutoRun fasalin) fayil cewa yana dauke da kwayar cutar code.

A gaba da irin - "aljanu." Famous botnets aka halitta daidai da irin wannan virus software. An kamuwa da kwamfuta tare da samun dama zuwa Intanit, wani cibiyar sadarwa na ta mahalicci tawagar farawa aika banza ko hari a kan manufa uwar garke (DDos). Tun da yawa kamu kwakwalwa, sai suka samar da wani cibiyar sadarwa na (botnet).

Yanzu babban hadarin da ƙwayoyin cuta ne Trojans (Ƙofar baya). Tare da ci gaban da Internet, da yawa masu amfani ne mafi kusantar su yin sayayya a kan yanar gizo ta amfani da banki katunan biya ga kalmomin shiga, asusun, lantarki kudi da sauransu. Wannan aji na cutar infecting kwamfutarka, na sa ido mai amfani da aiki da kuma aika shi zuwa ga log (ciki har da m kalmomin shiga) virus marubuta.

A gaskiya, da cutar jinsin fiye da, da kuma cikakken review iya daukar wani karamin adadin littattafai. Daga cikin gabatar ba, shi ne a yanzu an shigar a kwamfutarka wani hadadden tsarin na anti-virus kariya - bukata. Af, ba za ka iya samun kamuwa da ta ziyartar ko da gangan "tsabta" shafukan.