Mene ne sauyin yanayi a cikin gandun daji sashi na Rasha?

A yanayi na Rasha gandun daji ne quite bambancin - daga moderately sanyi a arewa da kuma gabas na kasar da kuma kawo karshen tare da moderately dumi zuwa yankin kudu da yamma. Number of kwana na sunshine, zafi da kuma tsawon lokacin vegetative lokaci na shuke-shuke ne har muhimmanci daban-daban.

arewacin taiga

Ya fara da shi da gandun daji zone a arewacin Rasha (ba domin tundra tare da mosses da tsumburai itatuwa). Bugu da kari to da ban sha'awa yanki (shi lullube daga yammacin iyakar kasar da na kasar da kuma zuwa bakin tekun Pacific Ocean a gabas), wannan yanki ne sanannen domin ta m, sosai duhu Pine thickets. A sauyin yanayi da aka dauke su moderately-sanyi, amma yanayi na rayuwa za a iya kira matsananci.

Mafi yawa daga cikin taiga gandun daji kafa m bene kama conifers. Su rawanin kawai miss da hasken rana da kuma zafin rana. Saboda wannan dalili, Bishiyoyi da matasa Pine itatuwa yi yãƙi a tsira, da kuma ake sarrafa yafi a cikin natsuwa da clearings.

A mafi tsanani sauyin yanayi a taiga gandun daji zone aka lura a Jamhuriyar Siberia. Sa'an nan ta motsa daga filayen zuwa ga dũtsen, inda yanayi ne kasa matsananci. A duka fadin na impenetrable ƙunci na conifers wani lokacin kai 2,000 kilomita. A hunturu yanayin zafi sau da yawa sauke zuwa -40 ko ƙananan. Extreme sanyi tare da nauyi snowfalls cewa samar da isasshen (da kuma wani lokacin har m) matakin na zafi. iska bazara kawai warms har zuwa +13, a wasu wurare - har zuwa 19 digiri. Flora arewacin boreal gandun daji kunshi yafi na Evergreen coniferous itatuwa (Pine, fir, Pine). Wajen kudu na Spruce, kazalika da deciduous itatuwa (Birch, Aspen, alder).

wadannan wuraren ne wadãtattu ba kawai itace, amma kuma dabbobi na jinsi. Northern gandun daji sanaki Lynx, wolverine, kurege, bear, Sable da kuma wasu sauran Jawo-qazanta dabbobi.

m taiga

Kamar yadda mai mulkin, lokacin da ya tambaye game da abin da irin sauyin yanayi a cikin gandun daji sashi na Rasha, da yawa zaton shi ne wannan ɓangare na shi. Da yawan zafin jiki da kuma zafi canje-canje a lokacin tashin ba kawai daga arewa zuwa kudu, amma kuma daga gabas zuwa yamma. In mun gwada dumi iska talakawa kafa a kan tekun Atlantic, shiga zurfi a cikin Turai bangare na kasar. A gabas suna tsaya Ural Mountains a kan abin da gandun daji area daukan furta sauyin yanayi ne temperate nahiyar fasali.

Winter nan ne warmer fiye da a arewacin taiga, amma har yanzu da talakawan shekara-shekara zafin jiki ne muhimmanci ƙananan fiye da a kama latitudes, amma zuwa yamma. Ciyayi da aka yafi gauraye, coniferous gandun daji suna maye gurbinsu da broadleaf da kuma wani lokacin har natsuwa da Marshes.

Duk da high haihuwa kasa na kudancin taiga, noma, a nan ba a ma ci gaba. Babban dalilai domin wannan ne dausayi da kuma a takaice girma kakar. A sauyin yanayi na gandun daji sashi na Rasha ya sa ya yiwu girma a sanyi-resistant al'adu. Wannan, a daya hannun, wani tasiri a kan al'ummar yanayin kasa (babu taro cikinsu yake saran itatuwa). A kan sauran, m reclamation ne sau da yawa a cikin hanyar duniya canje-canje, ciki har da sauyin yanayi.

A fauna daga kudancin taiga bambancin. Akwai ruwan kasa bear, Elk, kurege, zomo, da sauran "yan qasar Rasha" dabbõbi. Wannan matsala a wadannan wurare ne da wani yawa na kwari (musamman sauro), wanda ake dangantawa da high zafi da kuma mafi swamps.

Mixed deciduous gandun daji

Ta Kudu na tundra, a cikin ƙasa na gabashin Turai Bayyana, sanyi-resistant breeds suna maye gurbinsu da wani thermophilic. Idan akai la'akari da tambaya na abin da irin sauyin yanayi a cikin gandun daji area, kudu na 50 digiri arewa latitud, shi za a iya ce da shi ne rigar da dumi. Saboda da m tsawo da kuma dadi rani (da talakawan Yuli zafin jiki ne a sama 20 digiri a nan), kazalika da manyan adadin hazo, m-Leaved gandun daji ne itacen oak da ash, Maple da Linden. Mafi yawa na kowa Hazel da sauran shrubs. Na conifers kowa Pine da spruce.

Saboda da karfi wetting m dausayi, duk da haka, saboda high rani yanayin zafi da kuma isasshe m danshin, ba sosai kamar yadda a kudancin taiga. Animals cewa zauna yankin, ba sosai daban-daban daga fauna daga cikin makwabta zone. Wannan shi ne yafi Elk, bison, daji boar, marten, kerkẽci. Wakilai daga cikin rare Otter ya kamata a lura. Broad-Leaved gandun daji ne mai arziki a cikin tsuntsaye rayuwa a nan oriole, grosbeak, woodpecker.

Far East

A nan, kuma, da taiga bada hanya zuwa deciduous gandun daji, amma kuma da yanayi da kuma ciyayi, da kuma fauna daga yankin ne na musamman da kuma ban mamaki. La'akari da abin da sauyin yanayi a cikin gandun daji na zone Far East rinjaya, shi dole ne a tuna game da tasiri a kan shi daga gefe daya daga cikin Arctic iska talakawa, da kuma a kan sauran - tekun Pacific. Saboda da kusanci, rani ne quite dumi nan. A talakawan Yuli zafin jiki ne a sama 25 digiri. Duk da haka, winters ne tsawo da kauri isa. Sau da yawa akwai sosai kaifi da bambance-bambance na yanayin zafi. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin Sanadin da musamman Flora da fauna.

Mutane da yawa jinsunan shuke-shuke suna samuwa ne kawai a cikin wannan yankin. Shi ne game da integrifolia fir, Korean itacen al'ul, Ajan spruce, Mongolian oak, Amur Linden da sauran itatuwa, bushes, kuma ko da ganye. The dabba duniya da aka gabatar a matsayin hankula mazaunan arewacin latitudes (Siberian damisa, hange deer), kuma mafi zafi-m. Ya kamata a lura cewa mutane da yawa jinsin su ne a kan gãɓar rãmi na nau'i nau'i, don haka kunshe a cikin Red Littãfi.

Human tasiri a kan sauyin yanayi

Abin baƙin ciki, da taro cikinsu yake saran bishiyoyi, reclamation da dausayi da kuma lalata dabbobi ba zai iya barin burbushi a cikin yanayin kasa. Idan muka yi la'akari da abin da sauyin yanayi a cikin gandun daji ya 'yan shekara ɗari da suka wuce, da kuma abin da ya zama a yau, da aka ambata da karuwa daga cikin talakawan zafin jiki a cikin gabashin ɓangare na taiga da dakushe Yammacin. Ko da yake wadannan canje-canje ne ba tukuna catastrophic, kuna hukunta da bacewar wasu jinsunan Flora da fauna, a nan gaba, za su iya taka m rawa a cikin al'ummar yanayin kasa na yankin.

Yadda za a ajiye na musamman shuke-shuke daga nau'i nau'i

Domin ya hana bacewar wasu m jinsuna, da kuma canjin yanayi a halin yanzu jurewa manyan-sikelin aiki a kan kiyayewa da gandun daji sabuntawa. Don yin wannan, a cikin Krasnoyarsk Territory, da Amur tasa, da yammacin ɓangare na gabashin Turai Bayyana kafa kare yankunan. Scaffolding karatu a nan advantageously Aerospace wajen, iko su canji ganowa wuta yankunan, ambaliya da sauran bala'i. Tsare halitta a cikin purest siffan - babban aiki na kare gonaki.

Forest a kan ƙasa na Rasha Federation daukan dama climatic zones. Kowane daga cikinsu shi ne na musamman da kuma halin da bambance bambancen shimfidar wurare, Flora da fauna. Don adana wannan halitta arziki wajibi ne a bi da na halitta balance, hana nau'i nau'i na wasu aka gyara. Kawai a cikin wannan hali, fiye da daya karni daga baya, tambaya na abin da sauyin yanayi a cikin gandun daji yanki a wani latitud, shi zai zama zai yiwu a samu wannan amsar cewa a yanzu. Idan mindlessly kwashe dukan dukiyar yanayi, shi ne wata ila cewa jimawa kawai kome bar na shi.