Mene ne shigar da yanzu

Magana ne game da abin da yake cikin jawo halin yanzu, ba shi yiwuwa ba a tuna da gwaji na babban likita na lokaci - Michael Faraday. Lalle ne, jera saboda aikinsa a yau, za mu iya duka ji dadin amfani da wayewa kamar wutar lantarki. Sa'an nan, a cikin karni na 19th, da sinadaran abubuwa (batura) ne tafin kafa tushen na'urar samar da makamashi. Bayan gwaje gwajen Faraday duniya ya zama samuwa ga janareto, wanda ya canja dukan gaba tarihi.

Har 1831, lissafin kimiyya su na sane da wanzuwar lantarki da kuma Magnetic filayen. An yi imani da cewa hulda da biyu ko fiye da tsayayyen zargin (electrons ko ions) Halicci wasu irin tashin hankali - da lantarki filin. Amma mobile zargin nasaba da halin maganaɗisu filayen. A fili yake cewa, yayin da a can ne duk abubuwan da ake bukata don gano, da kuma ba su da jira tsawon lokaci.

Electromagnetic shigar da kuma shigar da yanzu aka gano a 1831 kusan lokaci guda da biyu masana kimiyya-practitioners - Faraday da Henry. Abin mamaki, irin wannan na faruwa a duk yankuna na lantarki injiniya (misali, da "baba" rediyo muhawara ne ya zuwa yanzu). Ganin cewa Faraday farko da aka buga na gwaji da sakamakon da su fassarar su, da shi aka zaci cewa shi ne discoverer na sabon abu da ake kira "shigar da yanzu."

Daya daga cikin gwaje-gwajen a yarda to zaton kasancewar wani karfi (lantarki kalaman da definition masanin kimiyyar) cewa halitta a cikin shugaba na yanzu. Daga biyu daura da iyakar da karfe sanda rauni a 'yan jũya daga waya. Karshe a hannu daya aka haɗa zuwa galvanometer, da kuma sauran hannunka zuwa waya aka kawota ƙarfin lantarki daga baturin. A lokacin hada baturin galvanometer rubuta yanzu-yanzu bayyanar da lantarki. A wannan ya faru a lokacin da ikon da aka kashe. A zato da aka sanya game da bayyanar da wasu da karfi filin samar halin yanzu.

A gaba kwarewa ne mafi alhẽri a san: ga karshe na karamin nada aka kawota daga baturi ƙarfin lantarki, kuma ya jũya daga yanzu gudana. Ta shiga tsakiyar span na more coils, karshen abin da aka haɗa a galvanometer. Lokacin da extracting da kuma gabatar da a nada na'urar rubuta bayyanar caje barbashi directed motsi. The sabon abu da aka kira electromagnetic shigar da, da kuma motsi na barbashi da ake kira "jawo halin yanzu".

Kamar yadda ya juya waje, a cikin hanyar shi ne wani Magnetic (electromagnetic filin) Lines wanda haye shugaba tashin hankali. A ƙarfi daga cikin jawo halin yanzu dogara a kan mita wannan mahada. Haka kuma, ba haka ba ne bisa manufa, idan shugaba line crosses da tsanani idan filin kanta ne juya su ko Magnetic filin da aka canza (misali, ta tsanani ne bambance bambancen a farko gwaji).

shigar da shugabanci na halin yanzu a wani shugaba ne kuma ba mai haɗari. An sani cewa a kusa da wani shugaba ta hanyar abin da lantarki ya wuce, a halin maganaɗisu filin ne ba tare da kansa Lines na tashin hankali. Su fuskantarwa dogara a kan shugabanci na yanzu motsi.

Ga shugaba ne gabatar a cikin wani Magnetic filin cikinta a gaban rufaffiyar madauki yana jawo da motsi na cajin barbashi. Bisa halin yanzu Properties a kusa da shugaba akwai ta Magnetic filin. Bugu da ƙari, ta layi na tashin hankali directed a cikin irin wannan hanya a matsayin rama domin yiwu canji a cikin primary filin, haddasa farko ƙarni na shigar da yanzu.

A gaskiya, da sakandare filin da aka ba "da damar" da farko canji. Idan ka tuna da atomic tsarin da kayan abubuwa, ciki har da karfe conductors, ya bayyana kimiyyar lissafi na wannan sabon abu: da ion tsakiya jawo hankalin da electrons rasa a cikin wani kokarin mayar da farko Jihar sauran. Tare da kara tsanani na "ƙwanƙwasawa fita" electron m karfi neman "sãka" da waje tasiri. Haka kuma, a lokacin da rage sakandare ƙasa filin lalacewa ta hanyar da motsi na barbashi a cikin shugaba na goyon bayan shi.