Alexander Ostrovsky "A riba Post": a takaice na mãkirci, babban haruffa

Daya daga cikin ababuwa Rasha marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo, Alexander Ostrovsky ne. "Riba" (summary na samfurin shi ne batun wannan review) - a yanki cewa bautar wani shahararren wuri a cikin aikinsa. Sai aka buga a 1856, amma kafin wasanni a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo da aka yi kawai bayan shekara bakwai. Akwai da dama sanannun mataki productions na aiki. Daya daga cikin mafi rare - da aikin Zakharova tare A. Mironov, daya daga cikin manyan matsayin.

Lokaci da kuma wuri

Tsohon Moscow rinjayar da wasu daga cikin shahararrun ayyukan zaba marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo Ostrovsky. "Riba" (summary daga cikin play kamata a fara da bayanin na leoyan da safe, domin a wannan mataki da karatu ne saba da su da kuma koyi game da halin da zamantakewa matsayi) - aiki ne da yake ba wani togiya.

Ya kamata ka kuma kula da abubuwan da suka faru - farkon shekaru na mulkin sarkin Alexander II. Yana wani lokacin da jama'a da aka Brewing manyan canje-canje a cikin tattalin arziki, siyasa da al'adu duniyoyin. Wannan al'amari dole ne ko da yaushe a haifa tuna lokacin da nazarin wannan aiki, kamar yadda marubucin ya nuna wannan ruhun canji a cikin labari.

shigarwa

A gaskiya master of kwatancin da kuma images of rayuwar yau da kullum da kuma rayuwar tsakiyar aji ne Ostrovsky. "Riba" (a takaice wannan sabon aiki na marubuci ya kamata a raba cikin mahara sassa don saukaka na ginin jumla fahimtar abun da ke ciki) - wasa a wadda ta nuna manyan ka'idojin da m marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo.

A farkon mai karatu matsahi na saba da protagonists na labarin: Vyshnevskim, sickly tsohon mutum, kuma ya m matasa matarsa, cũtar Pavlovnoy, wanda shi ne dan kadan flirtatious. Daga su hira ya bayyana cewa maza dangantakar bar yawa da za a so: Anna Pavlovna sanyi da sha'aninsu dabam dangane da mijinta, wanda shi ne mai ji daɗin. Ya tabbatar da ita na da kauna da ibada, amma matarsa har yanzu bai biya wani da hankali a gare shi.

A mãkirci na rikici

Witty zamantakewa zargi da dabara mutumci da basira a hade a cikin plays da Ostrovsky. "A riba Post", a takaice abin da ya kamata a supplemented da wani nuni ne na cewa da impetus ga ci gaban da mãkirci - wani aiki ne da aka dauke su daya daga cikin mafi kyau a cikin marubucin aiki. A farkon mataki na iya a yi la'akari cũtar Pavlovnoy sami soyayya wasika daga wani tsofaffi mutum wanda, duk da haka, an riga an yi aure. Dodgy mace yanke shawarar da ya azabtar da Tir suitor.

Bayyanar da wasu haruffa

Ostrovsky ta play ne tsauri ci gaban da mãkirci, tare da mayar da hankali a kan isgilancinsu zamantakewa mũnãnan ayyuka na tsakiyar aji. A halin yanzu aikin da karatu saba da hankula wakilan birnin burokrasi, wakilta Vyshnevskogo qarqashinsu, kuma Yusov Belogubov.

Na farko shi ne tsohon tsawon shekaru, don haka ya aka samu a cikin hali na aikace-aikace, ko da yake ta darussa ne a fili ba wani abu m. Duk da haka, yana da amincewa daga cikin Kocin fiye da alfahari. Na biyu shi ne kai tsaye ƙarƙashin shi. Shi ne matasa da kuma da ɗan saba haka, Belogubov kansa ya yarda cewa shi ba sosai, masani a karatu da rubutu. Duk da haka, saurayin da yake faruwa a nice shirya rayuwarsa: ya aka saiti a kai magatakarda, da so don samun aure.

A dauke mataki Yusova hukuma buƙatun ganin game da gabatarwa, da kuma ya yi masa alkawari kariya.

halaye Zhadova

Ostrovsky aka sani a Rasha adabi da cewa su gabatar da wani gallery na hotuna na zamanin na zamani wasan kwaikwayo. Dan Vyshnevskogo image samu daga marubucin ne musamman m.

Wannan saurayi na zaune a cikin gidan da ya kawu, ya aka, duk da haka, da nufin cimma 'yancin kai, domin raina rayuwa da na iyalinsa da kuma ayarinsa. Bugu da kari, tun da farko bayyanar da izgili Belogubov domin talakawa ilimi na karatu da rubutu. Har ila yau, mai karatu san cewa saurayin ba ya so ya kawo wani baki Pisarsky aiki a karkashin umurnin Yusova.

Domin irin wannan mai zaman kanta matsayin kawun yana so ya rabu da dan dan'uwansa fita daga gidan, saboda haka abin da shi kansa kokarin rayuwa ga kananan albashi. Shi nan da nan ya bayyana da kuma dalilin wannan hali: Zhadov ya gaya wa inna cewa zai yi aure da kuma rayuwa tare da su aiki.

Uncle jayayya da dan dan'uwansa

"A riba Post" - da play, wanda dogara ne a kan ra'ayin adawa tsakanin matasa da mazan da al'ummomi. Wannan ra'ayin da aka marubucin kayyade a cikin kashi na farko na aikin da kayyade da muhimman hakkokin bambanci a cikin Imani Zhadova da kuma ma'aikata na kawunsa.

Saboda haka, Yusov bayyana rashin biyan bukata da aikinsa da kuma fatan cewa Vyshnevky tsayar da dismissive hali wajen sabis. Wannan ne da kayyade adawa zo ga karshe batu a fage na bude rikici kawu kuma dan. A farko ba ya so ya Zhadov aure wani matalauci yarinya, amma wani saurayi, ba shakka, bai son yarda. Tsakanin su akwai wani tashin hankali jayayya, bayan da Vyshnevsky razana dan dan'uwansa tare da shi ya karya zumunta. Ya ilmantuwa daga Yusova cewa amarya Zhadova - 'yar wani gajiyayyiya gwauruwan, da kuma tabbatar da karshe ba ba da' yarsa da shi.

sabon heroes

Karo na haihuwa domin da sabon trends masterfully Zagayawar a cikin ayyukansu Ostrovsky. "Growing wuri" (guda bincike za a iya bayar a matsayin ƙarin ƴan ayyukan for kerawa marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo, tun yana da wata ãyã daga cikin aiki) - aiki a cikin abin da wannan ra'ayin gudanar ta hanyar da labari. Kafin na biyu yi na ta dama bayyana Yusov wanda ya ji tsoron da ƙarfin hali da audacity na yau matasa da murna rai, kuma ayyuka Vyshnevskogo.

A karo na biyu yi, marubucin ya gabatar da sabon haruffa - Kukushkina bazawara da kuma 'yarta, Yulia, tsunduma zuwa Belogubov, kuma Pauline, ƙaunataccen Zhadova. Duka 'yan mata saba, kuma butulci, da kuma uwa yana zaton kawai game da kudi halin da ake ciki na nufin maza.

A wannan scene, marubucin farko ya zo da haruffa tare, da kuma daga su hira mu koyi cewa Polina da gaske yana son Zhadova, amma wannan bai hana ta daga tunanin game da kudi. Zhadov wannan mafarki na mai zaman kanta rayuwa, da kuma shirya domin kudi matsaloli, abin da ake kokarin horar da ango.

description Kukushkin

Kukushkin marubucin Zagayawar kamar yadda wani m mace: shi ne ba tsoro na free-tunani gwarzo. Ta na son hašawa da sadakin da kuma tabbatar Yusova wanda ya yi gargadin ta daga bikin aure cewa Zhadov behaves gabagaɗi, saboda ganin cewa ya ne guda, amma aure, suka ce, da shi za a gyara.

Nagari bazawara a cikin wannan girmamawa ne sosai tsammani a cikin wannan rayuwar, a fili, daga kaina gwaninta. Ga shi wajibi ne a lura da a lokaci daya da bambancin da ke tsakanin 'yan'uwa biyu mãtã, idan Julia bã Ya son Belogubov da yaudarar shi, da Pauline gaske a haɗe zuwa angonta.

A rabo daga cikin haruffa a shekara

A babban harafin comedy Ostrovsky "A riba Post" Zhadov aure for soyayya ga mace shi ne ya ƙaunace, amma wanda ta ci gaba da na baya da shi. Paulina so su zauna a cikin cikar da kuma gamsuwa, amma aure ya san tsiya da talauci. Ta ya unprepared ga irin rayuwar da cewa, bi da bi, masanan basu ji dadin Zhadova.

Wannan shi ne abin da muka koya daga scene a cikin gidan cin abinci, inda a shekara daga baya converge leoyan daga cikin play. Wannan ma ya zo tare da Belogubov Yusov, kuma daga su hira da karatu Yakan koyi da cewa tsohon abubuwa suna faruwa daidai, kamar yadda ya ba su yi shakka kai da cin hanci domin su ayyuka. Yusov yabi ya unguwa, kuma Zhadova izgili domin ya ba su tãyar da kansa ga mutane.

Belogubov yayi masa kudi da kuma taimaka, amma Zhadov so su zauna da gaskiya aiki, sabili da haka raina, kuma indignantly ƙaryata da tayin. Duk da haka, ya kasance mai matukar dadi daga asalin {rai, ya sha, sa'an nan jima'i Kicks da shi daga cikin tavern.

domesticity

M bayanin tsakiyar aji-rai ne ba a cikin play "A riba Post". Ostrovsky, da mãkirci aiki wanda rarrabe m image halayyar mamaki na zamantakewa gaskiya na tsakiyar karni na sha tara, sosai impressively isar da ruhun shekaru.

Fourth yi daga cikin play ne kishin yafi jades rayuwar iyali. Pauline ji m, a squalid yanayi. Shi ne mafi sa samun abinci jin talaucinsa saboda gaskiyar cewa 'yar'uwarta zaune a cikin cikakken inganci, da kuma mijinta karfi Ganĩma. Kukushkin shawara ta 'yar to bukaci kudi daga mijinta. Tsakanin shi da kuma komawa Zhadova faruwa jayayya. Sa'an nan Pauline, bin misali na tsohuwarsa, ya fara bukaci kudi daga mijinta. Ya karfafa ta jimre da talauci, amma ya zama gaskiya, sa'an nan Pauline tsere, amma ya koma Zhadov ta mayar da yanke shawarar zuwa kawunsa tambaya ga wani wuri.

na karshe

M farin ciki ƙarewa kammala wasa "A riba Post". Ostrowski, wani salo na wanda - kagaggun comedy, iya ko da m almara nuna zamantakewa Mũnãnan ayyuka da zamaninmu. A karshen, na biyar mataki Zhadov ƙanƙan da kai, ya tambaye ga wani aiki a ya kawu ta, amma amsar shine karshen, tare da Yusov fara yi masa ba'a, saboda ya ci amanar ka'idojin zuwa rayuwa da kansa da kuma gaskiya aikin, ba sata da kuma karbar cin hanci. Exasperated saurayi ya ce a cikin ƙarni, akwai mutanen kirki, wanda barta ya nufi da bushãra da cewa ba nuna wani rauni.

Pauline yana sanya sama tare da shi da matarsa bar gidan Vyshevskogo. Last halin da ake fuskantar iyali drama: al'amarin Anna Pavlovna lura, kuma sunã ƙasƙantattu mijinta farin ciki tare da scene. Bugu da kari, ya aka lalata, da kuma Yusov barazana tare da sallama. A samfurin ƙare har da Vyshnevskim faru buga da masĩfa ta sãme shi.

Saboda haka, Alexander Ostrovsky ( "A riba Post" ya kauce misali) a cikin ayyukansu da basira hadawa tarihi hakikar da kuma kaifi satire. Retold mu yi wasa da shi za a iya miƙa wa dalibai for more in-zurfin nazari na marubuci ta aiki.