Narva Triumphal Gates (St. Petersburg): Tarihi, Bayani

Nasarar da aka samu ta ƙasa ta samu ko da yaushe samun amsa a tsarin gine-gine - na musamman da na musamman. Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da ke cikin godiya ga zuriya masu nasara a cikin Batriotic War na 1812 shi ne Narva Triumphal Gates, wanda aka kafa domin sake dawowa dakarun daga cinye Faransa.

Game da wannan alamar majami'ar da ta ci gaba da daukaka daular Rasha, da masu kirkirarsa za a tattauna a cikin labarin.

Narva a cikin St. Petersburg: tarihi

Manufar ƙirƙirar abin tunawa ta farko ya fara a ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 1814, bayan bayanan labarai na dawo da dakarun Rasha daga Paris. Wannan sakon ya kawo karshen ƙarshen yaki da Napoleon. Birnin yana shirye-shiryen saduwa da masu nasara, kuma a kan shirin Janar S. K. Vyazmitinov, a wani taro na gaggawa na majalisar dattijai, an shigar da shigar da ƙofar da aka yi a kan hanyar da ke kula da dakarun zuwa St Petersburg.

Design wani nasara baka dauki m Stasov V. P. - Academician na gine na mallaka Academy of Arts. Amma kamar yadda lokaci ya takaice, mun yanke shawarar gyara da ƙofar ƙofofin a Kalinkin Bridge, sake gina su da kuma ado da sculptural ado. An ba da matsala ga Quarenghi D. - mashawarcin Italiyanci, wanda ke da ƙarfin hali ya saba wa Sarkin Italiya kuma ya zauna a Rasha a cikin wuyarta na lokacin soja.

Bisa ga aikinsa, an gina Narva Triumphal Gates cikin wata guda daga itace da alabaster. Gidan ya kirkiro su a matsayin nau'i mai zurfi, tare da karusar ɗaukakar Glory a cikin dawakai shida da aka tsara ta kayan aikin sculptural. Dukan haruffa an halicce su ne daga mai horar da kamfanoni na Rasha II Terebenev.

Gumunan baka suna dauke da sunaye na duk kayan yaki na Guard, kuma an ƙawata kayan ado mai kayatarwa tare da takardun shaida a Latin da Rasha. A gefen biyu na baka akwai alamun kallo. Domin dangin dattawa sun gina ɗakunan shafukan musamman.

Shigar da dakaru zuwa birnin

Ranar 30 ga Yuli, 1814 an gina ginin. Ƙungiyar Nasarar Narva ta haɗu da masu nasara. A yau, a karkashin baka tare da nasara, masu tsaron gidan na Preobrazhensky, Izmailovsky, Semenovsky da Jaeger regiments marched.
Ranar 6 ga watan Satumba, Cibiyar Gidajen Tsaro ta Rayuwa ta Finnish da Pavlovsky sun sadu da garin a ranar 18 ga watan Oktoba, sojan sojan doki suka isa, kuma ranar 25 ga Oktoba - Cossack Regiment.

New ƙõfõfi

Bayan shekaru 10, an lura da zane da gangan, kuma an yanke shawarar rushe shi, kamar yadda aka amince da ƙuduri. Gwamnan Jihar Genaral Miloradovich MA ya sami izinin mafi girma don kafa wata alama ce ta marble, "don tunawa da ƙwaƙwalwar masu godiya." Sabbin ƙananan ƙofofi na Narva sun shirya don a gina su a wani nesa daga gada (a kogin Tarakanovka a kan hanyar Peterhof). Kwalejin ginin, wanda Miloradovich ya jagoranci, ya hada da shugaban cibiyar fasahar fasahar fasaha, Olenin AN, wanda ya ba da shawarar kare ainihin magungunan gidan Quarenghi a nan gaba. Mawallafin ƙananan ƙofofi na Narva Stasov ya bi shawara, bayan da ya hada da bukatun Olenin a cikin aikin, kawai yana kara yawan abin tunawa da canza abubuwan kayan ado.

Ranar da aka fara gina shi ne ranar 5 ga Agusta, 1827. A wannan rana, mun fara gina gine-ginen kafa don kafa tushen ƙofar. Kuma a ranar 26 ga Agusta, ranar tunawa da yakin Borodino, an kafa abin tunawa da nasara. Kusan mutane 9,000 ne suka halarci bikin.

Hanyar yin amfani da lafazin ƙofar

An fara aikin ne ta hanyar ziyarar zuwa ga 'yan gidan sarauta. Ginan duwatsu guda ɗaya an zana su tare da rubutun sunayen sarauta da sunan mai masauki, kaya na zinariya, masu gadi da kuma alamar tunawa. Wannan bikin ya ƙare tare da babban taro na masu tsaron.

Tsarin ginin

A cikin fall of 1827, an tattara fiye da dubu 1,000 a cikin rami na tushe, kowane tsawon wuce 8 m, da diamita na 0.5 m. Tsakanin tsakanin batutun ya cika da shinge na dutse, kuma an kwashe matakai uku a kan: 0.5 m na granite, 1, 5 m na Tosnensky faranti da 0,5 m na granite. Tushen da aka kammala yana jiran ci gaba da aiki na tsawon shekaru uku saboda rashin daidaituwa game da kayan da za'a gina ƙofar.

A shekara ta 1830, sun yanke shawarar gina tsarin tubali da-jan karfe, kuma a watan Agusta an gina ginin. A daidai wannan lokacin, rushewar tsohon abin tunawa, wanda mahalarta Quarenghi ya kafa, ya ƙare.

Fiye da mutane 2,600 suka yi aiki a kan abin tunawa, an kafa bricks miliyan miliyan. Tun daga shekara ta 1831, a garin Alexandrovsky, masana'antun gyare-gyare sun fara, da kauri daga cikinsu 5 mm ne. A daidai wannan shuka, an yi dukkan kayan hotunan da kuma rubutun kayan aiki.

An gina ginin Narva a cikin sauri. A farkon kaka an gama brickwork. Wutar da ta faru a watan Janairun 1832, lokacin da duk wutar lantarki da ke sama da ɗakunan da ɗakunan dakuna suka ƙone, ya nuna jinkirin rage ginin, amma ya bushe mashin. A lokacin bazara na wannan shekarar, duk abin da ya faru na wutan da aka kashe, an sake dawo da shi, kuma a ranar 26 ga watan Satumba, 1833 aka kammala aikin.

Sigogi na abin tunawa

Kwamitin komitin ya yi magana game da ingancin abin tunawa da aka gina, da kyau da kuma gine-gine. Girman da ake tunawa yana da ban sha'awa sosai: ƙwanan ƙofa ya kai 23 m, kuma ya haɗa da Siffar fasalin - 30 m. Girman girman ɗaka yana da mintina 15, fadin fadin ya kai mita 8. Girman nuni yana da m 28. An adana shi da ginshiƙai 12 na mita 10, Kusan 1 m.

A cikin kowane nau'i na tsari akwai wurare masu ban sha'awa sosai, ciki har da 3 benaye da ɗaki, wanda aka haɗa ta matakan tayi.
A yau ne Narva Triumphal Gates ta kasance gidan kayan gargajiya na tarihin halittar su, wanda ke cikin wadannan wuraren.

Abubuwan kirki da kuma kayan ado

Kyakkyawan alheri da alherin abin tunawa, duk da cewa yana da ban mamaki, ban mamaki. An haɗu da haɗin gwal din tare da mashawarta mafi yawan masarufi na lokacinsa: dawakai shida - Klodt PK, adadi na Nasara - Pimenov S., karusar - Demut-Malinovsky VI. Rukunin ɗigon rufi ya wakilci motar haske wanda allahn Nick yayi nasara tare da reshe na dabino. Laurel wreath a hannun ta, NUNA daukakar duniya.

Maharibai pylons ado da Figures na zamanin d warriors, heroes of dress, yi a kan na kwarai samfurori. A kan labulen ƙofar akwai siffofi na mace-fuka-fuka - ɗaukakar daukaka, nasara da zaman lafiya. Rahotanni ba tare da sunaye ba kuma sunaye na tsare-tsaren Guard - masu shiga cikin fadace-fadace a yakin 1812. A haruffan haɗin zinari na yammacin sun nuna sunayen mahayan doki, a kan gabas - 'yan bindiga. A gefen gefen, an tsara manyan batutuwa.

Ƙaddamar da matsayi mafi mahimmanci na abin tunawa, yankin da ke kewaye da ita ya ragu sosai. Sabili da haka, ƙananan ƙofofi na Narva, wanda masallacin da masanin ya nemi irin wannan tasiri, ya zama babban matsayi a nan gaba.

Ana buɗewa akan abin tunawa

A ranar 21 ga watan Agusta na Kulm, a ranar 17 ga Agusta, 1834, an bude babban bikin tunawa. A karkashin arki ya zartar da duk kayan tsaro, wadanda sunayensu aka lasafta a kan tashar ƙofar.

Har yanzu Narva ta samu nasara a 1945. Ya zama alama ce ta manyan cibiyoyin da kuma tsarin gine-ginen, wannan abin tunawa shine tunanin tunawa da girman Rasha.