National Technology Initiative (NTI). Jihar goyon bayan shirye-shirye

The alheri na yawan ne kai tsaye dogara a kan jihar da kasa tattalin arziki. A Rasha rikicin na 'yan shekarun nan, wanda ya tashi saboda da rage a hydrocarbon farashin, sake tabbatar da bukatar muhimman canje-canje. National Technology himma da aka tsara don tantance mafi alamar rahama sassa na tattalin arziki da kuma ta da su. Su ci gaba zai haifar da ci gaban da dukan tattalin arzikin da zai taimaki cin nasara da dogara a kan hydrocarbon farashin. Ga mutane, wannan yana nufin tsawaita rayuwa da kuma inganta da inganci.

shirin Content

National Technology Initiative (STI) a matsayin shugabanci da aka farko sanar a watan Disamba 2014. A lokacin wannan lokaci na shugaban kasar Rasha V. V. Putin ya jaddada shi a cikin sakon zuwa Tarayya Majalisar da kuma gano jami'an alhakin aiwatar da wannan shirin. Jigon da STI ne don gano alamar sassa na tattalin arziki da kuma kafa Rasha Enterprises. Tare da ta dace zabi na irin dabarun iya kawo biliyoyin daloli a yawa a nan gaba. Rasha za su iya gasa da mafi cigaban kasashe da aka samun a kasuwannin duniya. A mafi girma hankali ne ya biya zuwa masana'antu alaka m fasahar. Daya daga cikin yankunan da magani, musamman, shi ne wani tsawo na rayuwa. Duk da haka, nasarar da STI dogara ba kawai a kan gwamnati. A jihar shirin na goyon bayan ne haƙĩƙa muhimmanci, amma mafi hankali ya kamata a bai wa halittar wani tasiri tsarin, kurakurai a cikin aikin da aka danganta da sauri da kuma gyara. Bisa ga darektan shugabanci na "Sun kwararru" Dmitry Peskov, STI ya zama wani fifiko tsarin, da iko matrix. National Technology Initiative kamata ba za a dauke a matsayin dalilin halittar wani babban jihar tsarin.

tarihi lãbãri

A ra'ayi na "kasa fasaha himma" da aka yi amfani da rahoton na ministan ilimi da kuma Science Dmitry Livanov a taron na presidium na tattalin arziki na zamani da kuma m ci gaba a Satumba 2014. A game da ci gaban da wani aikin alaka sabon samarwa na'urorin fasahar zamani (NTP). Burinsa ya hanzarta ci gaban masana'antu. A aikin da ya samu matsayi na National Technology Initiative (STI - STP). Duk da haka, muna magana ne game da shi kawai a watan Disamba 2014. Wannan karuwa ban sha'awa shi ne saboda cewa da STI da aka bai kulawa ta musamman a cikin sakon da shugaban kasar na Rasha Federation ga Tarayya Majalisar. Kamar yadda shirya, da National Technology Initiative ya zama wani kayan aiki da abin da Rasha za su iya daukar wani abu matsayi a cikin dukiya da kuma ayyuka da kasuwanni. Ya zo a cikin fore da bukatar yin da hakkin dabarun zabi.

Don wata tambaya game da al'amurra

Yana da muhimmanci domin sanin abin da zai ƙayyade da tattalin arziki a nan gaba. Alal misali, a yau daya daga cikin alamar rahama yankunan suna dauke hankali kai tsarin. Su aiki ne kai tsaye hade tare da watsa bayanai. Saboda haka daya masana'antu na jan da sauran. Wani mayar da hankali ne da ci gaban iska kai, wanda zai taimaka wa wani gagarumin raguwa a lokacin da ake bukata don safarar kaya da kuma fasinjoji. Duk da haka, ko da daidai zabi iya nuna kawai lokaci. Alal misali, a cikin farkon 2000s, an yi imani da cewa a nan gaba zai zama wani juyin juya halin da a Rasha, hade da nanotechnology. A shekara ta 2006, ana tsammanin kudi na girma na wannan kasuwar a 40% a kowace shekara. Amma wannan bai faru ba. Aiwatar da aikin na ci gaba nanotechnologies a Rasha bai kai ga sake masana'antu na kasar, kuma ya rabu da mu dogara a kan albarkatun kasa, ba ga wani m karuwa a matakin ci gaban tattalin arziki.

manyan al'amurra

STI da aka bunkasa manufar gwamnatin Rasha a aiwatar da tsari na shugaban kasar na Rasha Federation. da ake kira sabon masana'antu fasahar da cewa sun zama engine na ci gaba da aka gano. Yana kamata su yi amfani da su don ƙirƙirar kasa tsarin zane, tallan kayan kawa da kuma aiki da kai na ilimi tushen masana'antu. A minti na Presidium taron a watan Satumba 2014 na dauke da jerin fasahar da za a goyan bayan karkashin STI. Daga cikin su:

• Ƙari fasaha.
• Yana nufin na yaro- da kuma aiki da kai, masu tunani tsarin sufuri.
• Technology zane na kayan da Tsarin.
• Yana nufin na dijital samar.
• Technology na cikin gida da software da ake bukata don ƙirƙirar samfurin.

Similar kwatance samarwa da kuma Ma'aikatar Industry na Rasha Federation. A cikin 'yan shekaru, fasaha ci gaban shirye-shirye da ake aiwatar a duk cigaba da sabuwar arzikin masana'antu kasashen. Duniya kwarewa ya nuna cewa su aiwatar samar da gagarumin tattalin arziki tasiri da kuma damar don ƙarfafa gasa na kasa da tattalin arziki.

A sharudda ga kasafi na kasuwanni

Yana da muhimmanci kada kawai don gama da kokarin da kasuwanci, kimiyya da kuma gwamnatin, amma kuma ya sami dama batu na su aikace-aikace. Saboda haka, STI kamata a dogara kan dogon lokaci kiyasin ta hanyar da ka bukatar sanin abin da ƙalubalantar za ta fuskanci Rasha a 10-15 shekaru. A zuciya na National Technology Initiative dangane da wadannan shiriritar:

• Masomin - shi yana bukatar mutanen da suke canza a kan lokaci.
• A kasuwanni na gaba - da cibiyar sadarwa na ginin.
• Planning lokaci - 2018-2035 shekara.

STI kasuwanni suna kasaftawa a kan tushen da wadannan sharudda:

• Volume duniya ta 2035 - fiye da dala biliyan 100.
• A lokacin, akwai wani kasuwar ko da shi ba yadu yarda fasaha nagartacce.
• Wayarwa da mutane kamar yadda karshen mai amfani.
• Network yi kasuwar a cikin abin da shamaki an maye gurbinsu da software.
• Muhimmancin da ikon yinsa, domin Rasha don tabbatar da ainihin bukatun mutane da kuma tsaron kasa.
• A gaban a RF yanayi a cimma m amfani.
• A zama na 'yan kasuwa, jihãdida don ƙirƙirar sabon high-tech kamfanonin a cikin wannan kasuwar.

Evaluation na yuwuwar na Rasha

Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na STI sa ran haifar da tara sabon high-tech kasuwanni:

• EnergyNet.
• FoodNet.
• SafeNet.
• HealthNet.
• AeroNet.
• MariNet.
• Autonet.
• FinNet.
• NeuroNet.

Daya daga cikin Manuniya cewa za a iya amfani da su kimanta da yuwuwar na jihar jagoranci a cikin raya samar da fasaha, shi ne yawan patent takardun da aka buga da shi. A cikakkar primacy wannan nuna alama ne da mulkin kasar Sin. Kusan rabin dukkan patents ba kamar yadda na 2015 lissafta ga kasar Sin. Rasha ba kunshe a saman 10 a kan wannan nuna alama. A cikin Rasha Federation lissafinsu kawai 0,18% na duniya yawan takardun da tsare sabon fasaha mafita. Ministan harkokin wajen fasahar kamfanoni rajista a Rasha ne 4 sau fiye da hažžožin fiye da mazauna.

Kasada da kuma zargi na aikin

Aiwatar da STI a Rasha ake dangantawa da wadannan matsaloli:

• Fayil Rasha mazaunin patents a daruruwan sau kasa da manyan kasashe a sabon samar da fasahar. Daga cikin su akwai irin kasashen Sin, Amurka, Japan da kuma Koriya ta Kudu.
• Up to 60-95% na Rasha Federation patents sanya wa maras mazauna Rasha.
• A duniya a fagen sabon masana'antu fasahar na manyan kamfanoni. A Rasha, da patentees kullum yi bincike da kuma makarantu.

Yanzu Jihar harkokin

A wani taro na aiki kungiyar "STI", wadda aka kafa ta Agency for Strategic horarwa, wanda aka gudanar a ranar Yuni 22, 2016, tattauna yiwuwa ga gabatarwar a Rasha na teleportation (kafaffen saƙon), jimla sadarwa da kuma raba da Rasha harshe. Manufar irin wannan aikin ne don rage asarar daga cybercrime a 2035. Ana sa ran cewa wadannan matakan za su taimaka wa ci gaba da 0.1% na GDP. SafeNet aikin ya shafi canja wuri na mai yawan abokai a cikin sadarwa misali 5G, samar da wani cibiyar sadarwa na cibiyoyin yawan kariya daga cyber barazana, ci gaban fasaha gida gudanar da tsarin, Tsarukan aiki, m motoci da kuma harhada harsuna. bunkasa ababen more rayuwa na jimla sadarwar da aka shirya domin 2035 a Rasha Federation, wanda zai samar da wani cikakken kafaffen haɗi. Domin ganin wannan aikin da ake bukata game da biliyan 10 rubles. Kuma mafi yawansu jihar dole kudi, ciki har da ta hanyar kamfani babban birnin kasar kudi da kuma ci gaban cibiyoyin.

binciken

Samar da Rasha shugabanci a kan yi nufin shugabanci na STI bukatar m kokarin. New samar da fasaha, lalle da babban m ga ci gaban tattalin arziki, amma akwai gagarumin kalubale ga aiwatar da shirya shirin. Su bayani na bukatar a mayar da hankali a kan dogon lokaci. Duk da haka, duniya kwarewa ya nuna cewa nasara na fasaha shugabanci zai yiwu a wani musamman gajeren lokaci. Alal misali, kasar Sin dauki kawai game da shekara bakwai. Dalili na wannan sakamakon shi ne samuwar yawan ma'aikata da dada aikin share fage data kasance, da hulda tsakanin jami'o'i da kuma kasuwanci.