New Zealand: 'Yan asalin nahiyar yawan jama'a. New Zealand: yawa da kuma yawan

New Zealand ... Green Island, da a kan wanda tuddai kwanan nan yin fim key scenes na "The Ubangijin Zobba."

Overview

A kudu maso gabashin ɓangare na Pacific ne wannan kore kasar. Biyu babba da dukan placer, kunsha da dama daruruwan kananan tsibiran baza a New Zealand. A yankin na kasa za a iya kwatanta su da Japan tsibirin ko yankuna a fadin Birtaniya. New Zealand tana da yawan al'umma game da 4.5 mutane miliyan. All gwamnati ne a babban birnin - Wellington. tsarin gwamnati - a tsarin mulkin daular mulkinsu da majalisar dimokuradiyya. The musamman da suka bambanta da tsibirin al'umma da cewa shi ne daya daga cikin raya ƙasashe sun iya su ci gaba da tattalin arzikin gaba ɗaya a kan aikin noma. Tun Nuwamba 2008, mulki kasar da National Party, wadda ke karkashin jagorancin Dzhon Ki, wanda shi ne Fira minista.

Mulkin hada a membobinsu tsibirin samun 'yancin, wanda da wannan kudin - New Zealand dollar. Wannan ne da Cook Islands, Niue, Tokelau, karkarar wanda ba a kai-mulki, da kuma yankin ƙasar Rasha da yake a cikin Antarctic zone.

sauyin yanayi

New Zealand ta yawan iya zama quite kyawawan yanayi na kasar. A arewacin Arewa Island ne batun subtropical sauyin yanayi, alhãli kuwa a cikin duwatsu yankin na Antarctic iskõki iya kawo saukar zuwa -20 digiri. A sarkar na high duwãtsu ya raba kasar gida biyu, game da shi, da rarraba shi a cikin biyu climatic zones. A mafi m part - gabar yammacin kasar na ta Kudu Island. Kawai wani mutum ɗari kilomita bãya, a gabas - sarrafa giza ɓangare na jihar.

A mafi yawan kasar ta ruwan sama ya kai 600-1600 mm shekara. Wannan adadin da aka rarraba a ko'ina, sai dai a lokacin da bushe lokacin rani.

A talakawan shekara-shekara da yawan zafin jiki a kudu ne 10 digiri a arewa - 16. A coldest wata a kasar, located a hayin ekweita na mu - a watan Yuli. A talakawan kullum da zazzabi + 4-8 ozoji., The dare iya sauke zuwa -7. A warmest watanni ne Janairu da Fabrairu. A arewacin kasar ba shi da wani babban bambanci a yawan zafin jiki a lokaci na shekara, alhãli kuwa da kudancin yankunan da bambanci 14 digiri.

Auckland - da mafi girma a birnin a kasar - da talakawan shekara-shekara zafin jiki ne 15.1 digiri. Saboda haka, a lokacin mafi zafi da zazzabi iya tashi zuwa 31.1 darajõji, alhãli kuwa a cikin coldest nutse zuwa -2.5. A talakawan shekara-shekara zafin jiki ne 12.8 Wellington (daga 1.9 zuwa 31.1 a shekarar).

A ƙi yankunan kasar high yawan rana hours. A kan talakawan, da lambar shi ne 2,000 hours a kowace shekara. Mafi yawa daga cikin jama'ar na New Zealand sami wani babban adadin hasken rana radiation.

harsuna

A harsuna uku za a hukumance magana da mutane. New Zealand gane English, Harshen Maori kuma Shiga New Zealand. Jagoranci harshe, wanda aka yi magana da 96% na yawan ne Turanci. Mujallu da jaridu ana amfani da wannan harshe. Sun kuma ji dadin talabijin da rediyo. Harshen Maori harshe - na biyu mafi muhimmanci na aikin harshe. Gestures na kurame samu matsayi na wani jami'in harshe a 2006.

New Zealand yare ne sosai a kusa da Australian, duk da haka, riƙe da karfi da tasiri na kudu na Ingila. Layi daya ga wannan, shi da aka rinjayi Irish kuma Scottish wasulla. Tasiri da kuma muhimmanci sakamako na harshe na asalin halitta ba mutane - wasu kalmomi ne har abada a cikin yin amfani da kasar ta 'yan ƙasa.

The hukuma matsayi na Harshen Maori harshe ya kasance a shekarar 1987. Its aikace-aikace yanzu m, a duk cibiyoyin. A harshen da aka sanar a makarantu. Ko da yake mafi yawan makarantun ya sa ya yiwu don nazarin biyu biyu - English kuma Harshen Maori. Mutane da yawa sunayen a kasar da su Tushen a cikin Harshen Maori harshe.

Bugu da kari, kasar ne kullum sanaki fiye da 170 da harshen kungiyoyin. A mafi girma amfani ne Samoan, Faransa, Sin da kuma Hindi. Slavic harsuna a kan tsibiran da ake wuya amfani, tun da yawan jama'a na New Zealand, da abin da suka kasance a iyali, kuma kananan in lambar.

New Zealand Addini

Yawan New Zealand ta yawan yau - kadan fiye da 4.5 mutane miliyan. Daga cikin wadannan, 56% ne Nasãra. Next a cikin yawan addinai ne Anglicanism, Presbyterianism, Methodist da Katolika. Sa'an nan kuma wurin ne shagaltar sikhisty, 'yan Hindu da kuma mabiya addinin Musulunci. Aƙalla 35% na yawan na New Zealand sa up da undecided mambobi na al'umma, ba ka karkata zuwa bi da kansu zuwa ga wani na data kasance addinai.

A 'yan asalin yawan

A 'yan asalin yawan New Zealand - Harshen Maori. Tun da farko, kafin mulkin mallaka, daga cikin tsibiran da Turawa, wakilan mutanen da suke da babban mazauna cikinsu. Don kwanan wata, duniya gida ce game da 680.000 mutane na ga wannan mutane.

Bugu da kari zuwa ga mahaifarsa, kabilar kawaici a cikin Australian, Kanad ƙasa, da kuma na zaune a Amurka, Birtaniya da kuma a sosai kananan yawa a cikin wasu kasashe.

A zahiri translation daga cikin 'yan qasar harshen, kalmar "Harshen Maori" na nufin "al'ada". Wannan ra'ayi a zamanin da mutane da amfani da rarrabe mutum daga cikin saukakkun halittar.

Harshen Maori wakilan kasance na farko da ya populate da tsibirin. Hakazalika, ya zuwa yanzu shi ne ba a bayyana a inda ya yi wadannan mutane, amma sun kafa da al'adunsu, forming gwamnatin, wanda suka kira Aotearoa. Wadannan mutane sun girma navigators wanda zai yi tafiya zuwa kananan kadan jirgin ruwan a tekun Pacific. A teku, su ne kawai tunani da maki sun rãnã da taurarin sama. Wannan ilmi ya taimaka musu su kasance a New Zealand dogon kafin Turawa. White mutane sun iya gano tsibirin kawai bayan shekaru 800, ga sojoji a can - da m da kuma m.

aikin yi, na yawan jama'ar

A bisa ga al'ada, da Harshen Maori aka tsunduma a cikin abincinsa noma. Abinci da aka cirewa readily da advantageously yankansu da kuma ƙone noma. An muhimmanci aiki ga tsoho Harshen Maori wani yaki. Don kwanan wata, mutane zauna wani gagarumin wuri a cikin kurmi, kuma aikin noma. Craft samo asali a zamanin da, da kuma rage zuwa wannan rana da wani muhimmin ɓangare na al'ada. Basic horo - itace sassaƙa, basketry, sakar gidansa, kayan ado halitta, da gina jiragen. Daga wani amfanin gona kayayyakin Harshen Maori bambanta babu wani ambaci dabbobi a zane-zane da sassaka. Babban ado na mutane ne a karkace, kashe a siffofin daban-daban. Babban abu ne da image - sananne mutane ko gumãka.

masauki

The yawan yawa na New Zealand ya da farko sosai low. Harshen Maori zauna a kauyuka. Tsarin sun kusa da juna, da aka kewaye da wani shinge yi na itace ko wata moat. Houses an gina na rajistan ayyukan, ko alluna. Rufin aka thatched. Jinsi dama kara bunkasa a cikin ƙasa da dakin ya kadan mai sanyaya a lokacin rani da kuma warmer a cikin hunturu. Bugu da kari ya zama gidaje a cikin kauyuka akwai al'umma, gidãjensu ne, da gine-gine da dama na nisha da kuma samun ilimi.

New Zealand ta yawan aka tilasta ƙirƙira dumi tufafi, saboda sauyin yanayi da ba a yarda ya je, a lokacin rani duk shekara zagaye. Mutane al'ada sa dumi dasu kuma capes. Mata tufafi da aka supplemented da dogon dumi skirts. Don dimi nama (mafi sau da yawa shi ya County) a cikin zaruruwa a lokacin saƙa da zaren konkoma karãtunsa fãtun dabbobi ko tsuntsaye 'gashinsa.

Babban yawan New Zealand al'ada ya kasance aiki wajen yin makamai: darts, māsu, sandunan. Harshen Maori amfani da mace, da kuma asali bayoneti kayan aiki kira taiaha. Ga namo digging itace advantageously amfani. Dayansu tarko advantageously amfani da su kama daban-daban dabbobi. A sassaƙa shi ne babban makami na aiki masu saro sanya na nephrite ko jadeite.

hadisai

Babban yawan New Zealand da kuma Harshen Maori yau. A zamanin da shi ne daya daga cikin mafi wanzuwa da kuma m mutane. Yau, su ganewa na rayuwa ze daji, amma shi ya saba abu a gare su, kamar cin naman mutane. Harshen Maori ci su fursunoni a cikin imani da cewa ikon abokan gaba za a canja su ba.

Wani hadisin da Harshen Maori - Tattoo. Yana da aka mai raɗaɗi hanyar nuna su status. Mata qawata lebe da kuma haɓõɓinsu, maza fenti da fuskar. Lokacin da wannan adadi ne ba amfani a cikin saba hanya igolochnym - jarfa zahiri saka a cikin fata na incisors, shi ya kasance kamar wani sculptor ta aiki. Babu kasa m daban-daban qaddamarwa hanyoyin - wani ciwo sosai gwajin na jimiri. Bugu da kari, Harshen Maori fille kansa makiya, sa'an nan zuwa mummify su.

Harshen Maori yau

Gano abin da mutane a New Zealand, shi ne mai sauqi. Yau, cikin duniya shi ne Popular yaki dance na mutane, wanda ake kira "hack". Ga Harshen Maori kulla da m dama ga wannan dance. Da farko, da hack wani al'ada dance, wanda aka tare da wani ƙungiyar mawaƙa na goyon baya ko kalmomi, ihu a yau da kullum jinkiri. Wannan dance da aka yi domin tara ruhohi yanayi, ko kafin yaki. Gwamnatin Jihar kãwo wa 'yan kabilar dama don su yi yaƙi kira na dukiya.

Wayewa matukar yin tasiri a hadisai da kuma Harshen Maori views - a yau shi ne ba mashaya jini warriors. Duk da haka, da al'adunsu da kuma yanzu sosai arziki da kuma na musamman. A muhimmanci sosai bangare na Harshen Maori al'ada a zamaninmu ne ayyukan gargajiya art. Yawon bude ido ziyartar New Zealand, tabbata a ziyarci nuni da jama'a crafts da kuma wasanni na rawa. Shi ne wajibi a yi dauki hoto na gida kabilu, da kuma kadan don ƙarin koyo game da falsafa da kuma tarihi na wannan ban mamaki mutane.