Nicholas Perervinsky sufi (Moscow): jadawalin na ayyuka, adireshin, sa'o'i na aiki. Yadda za a samu a can da jama'a kai zuwa St. Nicholas sufi Perervinsky?

Rare ne tambaya tsakanin masana tarihi irin wannan m tattaunawa a matsayin lokaci na kafa St. Nicholas Perervinsky sufi, da zarar daya daga cikin mafi girma da kuma mafi kyau-sani ba kawai a cikin Moscow, amma cikin Rasha. Sabanin ga shirin shaida, taurin Akwai wani labari wanda ya ce shi ne saboda da halittar Kulikov yaƙi da ya faru, kamar yadda ka sani, a 1380, da kuma cewa da farko mazaunan sufi kasance cikin mahalarta a cikin wannan waki'a mai tarihin gaske.

Sufi a kan kogin banki

Amma komai inda ya bayyana wani sufi, wani wuri a gare shi ya zabi sosai. Sel na farko mazaunan da aka gina a kan wani tudu kusa da bakin Moscow River, a gaban wanda ya miƙa picturesque sararin Rasha expanses, da kuma haskaka a cikin nesa Dome na Moscow majami'u. Yana da aka m, suyi ritaya daga full zunubai, da kuma jarabobi teku na rayuwa, gama a nan tare da alkawuran da shafi tunanin mutum Pre-madawwami Mahalicci.

Abin mamaki, da kuma sosai sunan sufi. An yi imani da (bisa duk wannan labari), cewa shi ne daga cikin Gwargwadon contours na Moskva River, kamar yadda idan katse a wannan wuri da kuma shugabanci na ta kwarara sa kaifi nuna da dama a cikin shugabanci na kauyen Kolomenskoye ayi a gaban wannan wuri. Duk da haka, an san cewa asalin sunan St. Nicholas sufi Perervinsky ya daban-daban: Nikola Old.

The sufi a zamanin d charters

Yana da aka haka ya kira sufi a cikin kwanaki manyan har zuwa na farko ya ambaci a cikin suke dashi takardun, wanda, ba zato ba tsammani, shi ne wani kai tsaye ba hujja da ta tsufa. A dabaru ne mai sauki - idan sufi riga a waɗannan shekaru, da aka jera a matsayin "haihuwa", saboda haka, shi da aka kafa da yawa a baya.

The sunan Perervinsky farko bayyana a cikin daya daga cikin dokokin Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich, kwanan rana 1623 shekara. Daga wannan daftarin aiki a fili yake cewa da yankin sufi da aka a log coci a cikin girmamawa St. Nicholas, kuma a Bugu da kari, Tchernetsov sufaye rayu biyu dattawa da mazaunin. A lokacin da Yaren mutanen Poland mamayewa sufi da aka lalatar, kazalika da mafi yawan kewayen birni mansions, kuma yana da wuya a ce ko da ceto da aka ambata a cikin Littãfin da coci daga wuta, ko da aka gina ta ƙarshen Lokaci na matsaloli.

A karkashin angarorin na farko sarakunan Romanov

Sarauta farko Romanov - Mamallaki Michael Fedorovich - wani lokaci na aiki girma da kuma fadada Nicholas Perervinsky Convent. Suka kuma kiyaye records na karimci gudunmawar, ba tare da ceton su, kazalika da na ruhaniya da kuma wadanda mutane mutane su ba da kyauta ga sufi matsayin adadin kudi, da kuma addu'a littattafai da kuma dukan coci kayayyakinsa.

Active a gina sufi fara tare da Accession zuwa gadon dan - na gaba sarki, Alexei Mikhailovich Tishayshago. Mun gode wa angarorin da taimakon kudi a cikin 1649 aka aza kawai biyu na dutse haikali - a cikin girmamawa ga Dormition na Uwar Allah, da tsarkakewa daga abin da ya faru a shekara daga baya, da kuma Nikolaya Chudotvortsa - ya fi girma gine-gine, kammala da kuma tsarkake a 1654.

Iver ɗakin sujada

A wannan zamanin, amma biyu bayan shekaru da dama, akwai wani dutse coci Sergiya Radonezhskogo, kuma a cikin Moscow na sarki al'amarin zuwa da Convent ɗakin sujada a ranked Neglinskih ƙofar area (daga baya Voskresenenskih), fiye da aka sani sa'an nan a matsayin Iver. Sunan ta samu a sakamakon cewa a 1669 da aka kawo daga Dutsen Athos kiyaye jerin cikin Yaren Kasar Icon na Uwar Allah, to wanda a lokacin holidays faruwa ga dukkan Moscow. St. Nicholas sufi a Perervinsky haka samun ko da mafi daraja, ya kuma inganta ambaliya na mahajjata.

A zamanin mulkin Bitrus I

A ƙarshen XVII karni a cikin tarihi na St. Nicholas sufi Perervinsky inseparably nasaba da sunan sarki Adrian, wanda ya mabiyin goyon bayan Rasha tsufa kuma mafi kyau gefe na sababbin abubuwa gabatar a cikin rayuwar Bitrus. Duk da haka, da gaske Kirista ƙanƙan da kai, ya bai sãme ta yiwu tãyar da su da murya da shafaffe daga Allah, kuma ritaya to ya ƙaunataccen St. Nicholas Perervinsky makõmarsu. Akwai na musamman dakin da aka gina domin shi, da ake kira "patriarchal Kwayoyin" da kuma da dama shekaru da shi ya zama wani wuri na Kadaitaccen salla. A wannan lokacin da sabis a St. Nicholas sufi Perervinsky da za'ayi tare da musamman ƙawa.

Brainchild na sarki Adrian

A nasa kudi sarki Hadrian gina a shafin na rushe da umurninsa uku na farko majami'u gina wani biyu-storey dutse haikali ya keɓe a cikin girmamawa St. Nicholas. Yana janyo hankalin mafi manyan yawan mahajjata a St. Nicholas sufi Perervinsky. Bude sa'o'i da sabon coci ba a iyakance kawai don tsara ayyuka, da kuma dade har da dare.

Characteristically, a cikin nau'i na cikin Haikali mamaye siffofin muhimmi a cikin tsohon Rasha style, maimakon Moscow Baroque, sa'an nan samu tartsatsi da yawa-ƙaunar monarch. Sarki da kansa ya tsarkake zũriyarsu bayan kammala ta yi, da kuma a 1700 a cikin ganuwar St. Nicholas sufi Perervinsky lumana tashi ga Ubangiji.

shawarta magaji

Next events haske mazaunin lokaci na tarihi a hade da sunan Lardi na Moscow Platon (Levshin) - daya daga cikin mafi girma da hierarchs na Synodal lokaci a cikin tarihi na coci, mai suna ga kyauta ni'imta ta wurin yin wa'azin wani "na biyu Chrysostom." An sani cewa, godiya da mutunci kuma erudition a da yawa daban na ilimi, da Empress Catherine II nada shi malami magaji - nan gaba Sarkin sarakuna Paul I.

Samar da Nicholas Perervinsky Seminary

Da yake mutum sosai ilimi, Metropolitan Plato makoki da low matakin na ilmi daga cikin fastoci da suka yi aiki a majami'u da yawa na Rasha. Yayin da firistoci suka tsunduma a cikin shirye-shiryen da kawai biyu makarantu - da Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy da Triniti Seminary. Su digiri ne a fili bai isa ya sadu da bukatun da sararin kasa. A sakamakon ruhaniya shiriya daga cikin garken sau da yawa da hannu mutanen da basu da musamman ilmi.

A duk lokacin da zai yiwu a magance halin da ake ciki, a 1775, ya bada domin kafa, a cikin sufi na St. Nicholas Perervinsky seminary, wanda aka mai suna bayan shi a farkon zamanin da aka kira Plato. Bude wani sabon makaranta, Metropolitan Platon zuwa karshen rayuwa ba ya hana su kula da bukatun. A kai a kai da ziyartar sufi, da coci matsayi a cikin daki-daki, ga fahimta duk da matsaloli hade da shi, da kuma ceci wani kokarin warware su. Ya kula mika ga tattalin arziki da bukatun da suka shafi abinci da tufafi seminarians, da kuma a matakin koyarwa.

Metropolitan da kaina ba a Nazarin da tattaunawa, dubawa da aikin na dalibai da kuma sanya maki. Ya harkokinmu ba a banza - da shekaru na seminary ganuwar zo a dukan galaxy na shahararren shugabannin addini, da kuma na talatin da tara shekara ta bai wa fastoci zuwa yawa parishes m Rasha.

Memorial plaque a kan bango na gidan ibada

Yana binta bashin yawa ga Lardi Plato da kuma ta zauna. Ya isa yabo ne don haka mai girma cewa su lissafin da aka sassaka a kan wani dutse slab kafa a cikin garun St. Nicholas Church. An kiyaye wa yau kuma ya ƙunshi talatin da takwas da maki, ciki har da Ambaton yawa shiri da kuma gidan aikin da za'ayi a cikin sufi karkashin ya jagoranci, kuma sau da yawa a kan kansa kudi. Lokacin da Lardi Platon sabis a St. Nicholas sufi Perervinsky za'ayi ba kawai a cikin majami'u amma kuma a cikin ganuwar da seminary da ya kafa.

Aikace-aikace na Lardi Filaret

Uku archpastor, bar wani haske da alama a cikin tarihi na sufi, ya zama Lardi na Moskovskiy Filaret (Drozdov). Ya koma zuwa ga archpastoral sashen a 1821, sai ya zauna a kan shi domin kusan rabin karni, da kuma duk yayin da ya kalli tirelessly domin jindadin Nicholas Perervinsky sufi, ziyartar shi sau da yawa jawabin da shi a cikin sabis.

Wani mutum ya dada Malamai da kuma ilimi da, Bishop Filaret sanya wani immeasurable taimako zuwa gabatarwa orthodoxy, ya zama Mafarin da kuma babban haƙĩ na fassara na Littafi Mai Tsarki daga Slavonic harshe a cikin Rasha, game da shi, ba shi da ikon karanta mutane, nisa daga Orthodox Church, kuma bã su yin magana da harshen da tsoho coci.

Saboda haka, a cikin Metropolitan sashen

Ya gangara a tarihi, kuma ya wallafa aiki - musamman poetic gardama ce kawai tare da A. S. Pushkinym. Kyau a san shi jama'a mayar da martani ga babban waƙen yanke ƙauna kuma rashin bege line waka "The Gift banza, kyauta bazuwar." A shi setuyuschemu fanko da kuma meaninglessness na rayuwa na Aleksandru Sergeevichu Bishop Filaret a wani sosai m nau'i na abubuwa da ba su rai da kanta, da kuma ba wanda shi ba mu ya kamata a zargi ga ruhaniya wõfintattu cewa ya cike mana, amma kawai da kansu, steeped a banza da kuma sha'awa . Fita, ya ce, ne don magance su tunani ga Allah.

Opening na Ikklesiya da kuma gundumar makaranta

A 1824 sufi seminary, kafa ta Lardi Platon, da aka soke da kuma a wurinsa halitta Perervinsky Nicholas Ikklesiya, sa'an nan zuwa gundumar makaranta. Duk da matsanancin aiki, Bishop Filaret samu lokacin da za a kai a kai ziyara zuwa gudanar da su jama'a Nazarin. A waɗannan shekaru, wannan nau'i na gwaji da aka soma yadu da kuma gudummawar da objectivity na kimomi fallasa. An sani cewa ya sau da yawa tambayi kansa tambayoyi da kuma wuce yarda da farin ciki a lokacin da dalibi ya nuna ilimi da ake bukata domin amsa su. Bayar da Ubangijinsu, kuma m taimako a cikin m yi da kuma kyautata na sufi.

The most m theologian na XIX karni, domin aikinsa da kuma rayuwa, wadda ta zama abin koyi na Kirista sabis don Allah da kuma wasu, Metropolitan Drozdov aka girmama su a cikin tsarkaka. A m daki-daki: babbar-girma-jikan wani farfesa na Moscow Jami'ar Jihar Nikolay Nikolaevich Drozdov, da kyau a san su duka kamar yadda rundunar shirin "A duniya na dabbobi."

Shekaru na jimlar basu yarda

Bayan da Oktoba juyin juya halin Perervinsky Nicholas sufi a masu bugun dutse - kamar yadda sau da yawa ake magana a kai a karkashin halin yanzu sunan yankin, inda aka located, - ya raba m rabo dubban Rasha alfarma gidajen lama. Cikin dukanin Twenties shi ne a aiwatar da yarjejeniyoyin da hankali da kuma canja wuri da gabatarwa da za a yi amfani da wani iri-iri na kasuwanci dalilai. Jadawalin na Services a St. Nicholas sufi Perervinsky dogon bace daga sufi ƙõfar, maye gurbinsu da mallakar gwamnati signboards da sunayen jihar cibiyoyin da aka sanya shi a cikin shi.

A bakin ciki sosai rabo da Yaren Kasar Chapel. Ta aka akai-akai sata da kuma masu laifin nan, da kuma wakilan da sabuwar gwamnatin. Tare da gumaka, wanda dukan Rasha, 'yan fashi sata kambi, ubrus da duwatsu masu daraja. Gold tufafi rip su gaza tare da ita, amma wannan da aka samu nasarar gudanar da abin da aka da bi ta asirin 'yan sanda.

A 1924, aka repressed, da yawa daga cikin al'umma, kuma a ɗakin sujada na shekaru biyar da aka a zubar renovators - da motsi na da limaman, dissenting daga hukuma orthodoxy, kokarin canza shatan na coci da kuma shiga cikin hadin gwiwa tare da Bolsheviks. A karshe, a shekara ta 1929 da shawarar da Moscow City Majalisar shi da aka halaka.

Fresh numfashin sake fasalin kudin

The hali na Orthodox Church of St. Nicholas Cathedral aka wuce a shekarar 1991, amma matsalar shi ne cewa dukan ƙasar da sufi, tare da m gine-gine zauna da dukiyar jihar, kuma a jefa kasuwanci hayar "Stankokonstruktsiya". Kawai bayan shekaru uku da aka yanke shawarar komawa zuwa ta coci, sa'an nan ya fara rayayye raya dukan St. Nicholas sufi Perervinsky. Jadawalin ayyuka - a matsayin shrine wata alama ce abu akan sake haihuwa - reappeared a ƙyamaren ƙofofin da babban haikalin.

Duk da haka, shi ya fuskanci wata babbar aiki. Bugu da kari a St. Nicholas Cathedral, jefa su cikin lokaci a dace yanayin, shi ya warke kuma mayar Iver Cathedral, kawai barrantar daga masana'antu sharar gida saura. Sosai a cikin wannan shugabanci da aka yi ba kawai ga mazaunan sufi, da kuma la'ada-ma'aikata, amma kuma sa mutane ya bayyana kwadayin taimakawa da speedy Tarurrukan na dakin ibada.

St. Nicholas sufi Perervinsky: yadda za a samu a can da jama'a kai?

A cikin kwanaki da tsoho mazaunin sabuwar bude wide ƙyamarenta to duk wanda ya so su bayar da salla a karkashin arches, tunãni daga cikin manyan Church shugabannin da ƙarni. Dukansu sun kasance farin ciki yarda Nicholas Perervinsky sufi, wanda adireshin ne: Ul. Babbar Hanya, 82. Drive to shi, za ka iya yi da Metro da tashar "masu bugun dutse", sa'an nan a kan bas №№ 292, 703 ko 161. Zaka iya kuma za a kai ta taxi, wadannan da Metro tashar "Yadi ma'aikata" zuwa tasha "St. Nicholas sufi Perervinsky" . Jadawalin ayyuka a cikin gidan da wadannan: Weekday ibadar 7:30, akathist a 16:00 da kuma yamma bauta sabis a 17:00. A holidays da kuma karshen mako, farkon Mass a 6:30 am kuma daga baya a 9:00. A lahadi da kuma samar da wani musamman yara ibadar. Yana faruwa a 8:00.