'Niva 21213 ": halaye, fasali da kuma sake dubawa na masu

Vaz 21213 "Niva" - shi ne daya daga cikin mafi nasara da gagarumin ga ci gaban da Volga mota. Za mu iya cewa da "Field" shi ne mafi muhimmanci model a cikin dukan m mota tarihi. Da farko, wannan na'ura ne halin a matsayin wani fasinja hanya abin hawa da dukkan-dabaran drive 4x4. Me asirin boye wannan tsarin shi ne cewa shi yana karkashin kaho da kuma yadda dogon ta shi wanzu? Duk da wannan, kuma ba kawai - daga baya a cikin wannan labarin.

samar da tarihin

Serial samar da motoci Vaz "Niva" 21213 fara a 1977. A ci gaba da SUV aka hannu a cikin shahararrun zane injiniyoyi da Tarayyar Soviet. Zai yiwu cewa shi ne da nuna goyon baya na duk ayyuka na ma'aikata na zane hukumar Ya halitta abin hawa, halin high permeability, haske nauyi da kuma saukin tabbatarwa.

Vaz "Niva" 21213 - shi ne na farko a cikin tarihin na cikin gida da mota da aka musamman tsara don ya hau kan hanya, yana tafiya zuwa mafi m wurare, kazalika da kama kifi tafiye-tafiye da kuma farauta. Duk wannan ya bayar da gudunmawar ba kawai hudu-dabaran drive da kuma iko a lokacin da fetur engine, amma kuma da m shiryawa jiki - nadawa raya wurin zama ba ka damar sanya a ciki da "Niva" daban-daban tattalin arziki lodi daga sama zuwa dama da ɗari kilo.

Domestic "Range Rover"?

Abin da unites cikin gida Vaz 2121 da Birtaniya "Rover"? A duban farko, babu abin. Duk da haka, muna bukatar kawai dubi fasaha gefe, da kuma duk abin da zai zama bayyananne. Gaskiyar cewa "Niva" da aka yi amfani da nondisconnectable drive a kan dukkan hudu ƙafafun da canja wurin hali da kuma interaxle lockable bambanci. Yana da wannan "shaƙewa" ya a Birtaniya "Range Rover" a cikin 70s. Saboda irin wannan kayan aiki iya sauƙi m SUV fording, gullies da sauran kashe-hanya. A wannan lokacin da sabon Soviet Jeep ba da analogues cikin sharuddan permeability da kuma ta'aziyya.

A baya na wani SUV

An ce mai ban mamaki da jikin mota Vaz "Niva" 21213 da aka ba da wani dukkan-karfe. A farko gwaji gyare-gyare da aka dauke SUV bude jiki, rufin wanda aka rufe da wani tarpaulin (irin halin yanzu canzawa ƙasa). Duk da haka, taro samar hada kawai model tare da daskararrun karfe jiki, wanda mu yanzu gani a kan tituna.

Kayan aiki da kuma ta'aziyya

A duban farko, Vaz "Niva" 21213 - shi ne wani analogue na Volga Urals UAZ 469-th model. Na'am, a kan hanya cika da ƙasa ne kusan Siamese tagwaye ne, amma a ciki su ne quite daban-daban. A gaban jere na kujerun - tare da headrests, backrest ne daidaitacce a tsawon kuma kwana, da raya jere folded kara kaya sarari. By domin na "Niva" Mans wanki da kuma raya taga wiper, hita da taga a kan kwamfutarka. By yau matsayin kayan aiki Volga SUV kusan ascetic, amma a 70 na wannan marmari abubuwa da kuma ba ko da mafarkin na.

Soul mãtan aure!

Daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci fasalulluka na wannan na'urar ne da cewa mafi yawan sassa da aka gyara aka "jefa a kan" tare da model na wannan motoci Vaz (m "shida"). Saboda haka, a kan tushen da Vaz 2106 Soviet injiniyoyi ya tsara cikin mota, raya aksali da kuma gearbox.

Vaz "Niva" 21213: Bayani dalla-dalla

Da farko, da mota da aka sanye take da 4-Silinda kafireta engine na 1.6 lita. Bugu da ari, gyare-gyare suka sabon, sakamakon wani iko shuka shiga cikin layi 1.3 lita engine, amma Popular tare da masu motoci, bai yi amfani.

Amma ga gearbox, "Niva" da aka sanye take da wani hudu-manual watsa tare da synchronizers a gaba kaya. A kadan daga baya, da SUV fara da za a staffed tare da wani karin ci-gaba watsa - 5, saukarwa. Kada ka manta game da canja wurin da akwatin, wanda a yarda da SUV shawo kan wani kashe-hanya. Biyu-mataki "razdatka" da cibiyar bambanci kulle aka tilasta. Driveline kunshi gaba da raya axles, kazalika da matsakaici shaft duniya hadin gwiwa shafts.

Suspension ma yana da ta fasaha fasali. Front ya m a kan gangara talking hannu tare da na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa buga absorbers, marẽmari da stabilizer, wanda ya hana da abin hawa daga tipping kan lokacin da cornering. Rear Suspension - dogara, tare da nada marẽmari, daya giciye mashaya da hudu a tsaye. Kamar yadda gaba, sanye take da dama na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa buga absorbers.

A farko zamanintar da m SUV

Shi ne ba m, amma da farko kyautata model "Niva" ya shiga samarwa kawai bayan shekaru 16. Haka kuma, a cikin fasaha da wani ɓangare na mota ne kusan komai ya canza - duk da sassa da kuma gyara daga cikin samfurin a 1977 shekara! A togiya ne sabon ciki konewa engine, amma game da shi daga baya.

Babban canje-canje sun damu ne kawai da waje bayyanar "Niva". A sabon canji yana da wani karin elongated jiki da kuma dan kadan modified birki fitilu a raya. Af, da tailgate yanzu yana buɗewa kawai daga fasinja daki. Damina karfe zauna, amma a yanzu shi ne fentin a wani haske launin toka launi. A general, da na waje na mota ne ba sosai m da tsaftacewa. Duk da haka, a yau ta kashe-hanya kunna Vaz 21213 ( "Field"), wanda shi ne ya kafa ikon bumpers, snorkel, sabon tafiyarwa, da kuma sauran raka'a, damar zamanintar da look daga cikin mota.

A ciki, kuma, da canje-canje sun kadan - da kujeru da kuma kayan aiki panel fara kama wani "Ladovsky" (daga Vaz 2108). Kuma abin da ba su ce masu? A cewar sake dubawa, "Niva" 21213 bayan da haɓaka ya zama mafi dadi, amma shortcomings na haihuwa (mayar da hargitsi da kuma m amo ciki) bai sarrafa su kauce wa designers.

Kuma a yanzu ga fasaha part. The kyautata version na "Niva" da farkon 1993 aka kammala tare da wani sabon fetur engine tare da wani ƙara kawar da na - har zuwa 1.7 lita. A karo na farko a kan wani SUV contactless ƙonewa tsarin da aka yi amfani da. Canza da carburetor. Ingantattun braking tsarin. Home gearshift watsa yanzu yana da wani kaya rabo daga 3.9. Yana ya halartar qananan canje-canje da kuma wani silencer. Yanzu jikinsa ba welded, kamar yadda tsohon, kuma seamed (kamar "Lada" takwas model).

Kamar yadda yi nuna, sabon inganta a ciki konewa engine da watsa tsarin muhimmanci saukar da SUV Vaz "Niva" 21213 man fetur amfani. Saboda haka, to "da ɗari" mota da aka jawabin game da 13 lita a cikin birnin, kuma har zuwa 11 lita a kan babbar hanya.

A fitarwa version na "Niva" yana da wani tsakiyar man fetur allura, sanye take da maras tuntube da drive ƙafafun da cibiyar bambanci da kuma "razdatkoy" mataki-saukar gefe. Bayan abokin ciniki request, da mota za a iya sanye take da wani dizal engine na Faransa "Peugeot" tare da korar 1.9 lita. Amma, abin takaici, shi ne kawai 'yan lokuta.

ƙarshe

Duk da cewa a yau da yawa fafatawa a gasa ya bayyana a "Niva" 2121, wannan SUV shi ne har yanzu akwai da kuma zai zama mafi kyau aboki na dayansu, anglers da kuma magoya na kashe-hanya. Saboda da kusan cikakkiyar babu Vaz 2121 lantarki - wannan shi ne mai yiwuwa daya kawai Jeep, wanda za su iya lashe ba tare da matsaloli na wani sashe na hanya (tare da banda 'yan'uwanmu Ural "UAZ" iri).