Numfashi syncytial virus: haddasawa, cututtuka, magani, sakamakon

Numfashi syncytial cutar ne wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar na sa samun abinci da ke faruwa cututtuka da shafi wani fairly manyan yawan al'ummar yawanci matasa, shekaru. Shekara-tsufa dauki asali wuri tsakanin kamuwa. Idan manya da cuta ne na waje, da jariran zai iya ci gaba da tsanani da rikitarwa.

definition

Wannan shi ne wata cutar da cewa yana sa numfashi fili cututtuka. Rikici ne da cewa yana da wuya a gane asali saboda yana da sauki da za a rikita batun tare da kowa sanyi. A halin yanzu babu maganin da ya yet an ci gaba, don haka cuta ne wani lokacin m. A asibiti jawo by bayyanar mashako, fuka da kuma whistles.

etiology

Numfashi syncytial cutar ne mai karfi a cikin cytoplasm, bayan ripening fara dake tasowa a cikin membrane. A nasa ne da iyali Paramyxoviridae da kuma ne kawai wakilin wannan kungiya, wanda zai iya sa tsanani da rashin lafiya. Ko da yake daban-daban mutu da wasu antigenic heterogeneity, bambancin danganta ne daya daga dama glycoproteins, amma ANNOBA da kuma na asibiti muhimmancin wadannan bambance-bambance ba bayyananne. Kamuwa tsiro a yawan cell al'adu, haddasa samuwar hankula syncytia.

dalilai

Numfashi syncytial cutar ne a mutum ailments, wanda ake daukar kwayar cutar ta hanyar Airborne droplets. Sun iya harba biyu m mutane da kuma kafofin watsa labaru. Halayyar ne na gama da iyali annobar cutar da kuma lokuta da nosocomial kamuwa da cuta da aka rubuta, sau da yawa a cikin yara asibitoci. A baza na kowa da mafi sau da yawa a kusa da Agogon a cikin hunturu da kuma bazara. A mafi girma laulayi lura a yara daga 4-5 watanni zuwa shekaru 3. A farkon shekarun mafi yawan yara daukawa wannan cuta, kamar yadda kara lura dõgẽwa rigakafi, sau da yawa samu maimaita lokuta da cutar, kawai a mafi shãfe gani. Duk da haka, bayan da cikakken bacewar da kwayoyin na antibodies (IgA), na numfashi syncytial cutar zai iya sake bayyana.

Yana wãtsa ta kusa lamba tare da kamuwa da mutane. . An bincikar kuma gano cewa, idan wani rashin lafiya mutum sneezes, da kwayoyin cuta ana iya yada a kan 1.8 m Wannan rukuni na pathogens iya tsira a kan hannuwansu da minti 30, da kuma a kan batun - domin da yawa hours.

Pathogenesis kamuwa da cuta ne sosai kama da mura da kuma parainfluenza cin inji, kamar yadda dangantaka da motsi da cutar zuwa epithelium na numfashi fili. Yana da hidima ga shiga cikin numfashi fili, da kuma primary farawa haifuwa a cikin cytoplasm na nasopharynx sa'an nan kara da bronchi. A wannan gaba, akwai hyperplasia na shafa Kwayoyin da symplasts. Wadannan mamaki suna tare da constriction na bronchioles da hypersecretion da cewa baya kaiwa zuwa su blockage na lokacin farin ciki gamsai. Sa'an nan da ci gaban na kamuwa da cuta ne m da mataki na riko na Flora da numfashi gazawar.

cututtuka

Numfashi syncytial cutar, wanda ilimin ne hadaddun da wuya a gane asali, cutar ne farkon bazara da kuma hunturu.

Don kwanan wata ba a saukar me ya sa rinjayar da ƙananan numfashi fili a yara da kuma manya a saman.

A yara, cutar ta fara da zazzabi, mai tsanani ciwon makogwaro da kuma zubar hanci. Jimawa da alaka da sauran cututtuka da cewa kama asma. Kamuwa da cuta ne halin da wadannan siffofin:

- shortness na numfashi (fiye da 40 breaths da minti).
- bluish launin fata (cyanosis).
- kaifi da kuma m tari.
- high zazzabi.
- ragged kuma m numfashi.
- croupous hatimi.
- shrill breaths kuma wheezing.
- kange exhalations.

Lower numfashi fili cututtuka faru a lokacin da bronchioles kumbura. Idan a wannan lokaci da mãsu haƙuri yana da matsaloli tare da samar da oxygen, a tabbatar tuntubar likita domin nan da nan taimakon likita. Wadannan ailments faruwa mafi sau da yawa a cikin yara a karkashin shekara guda, kuma su suna hanzari worsening.

rarrabuwa

Akwai da dama dalilai, wanda za a iya halin da na numfashi syncytial cutar, wato:

- hankula - ci gaba rhinitis, laryngitis, ciwon huhu, nasopharyngitis, bronhilit, mashako, segmental na huhu edema da otitis kafofin watsa labarai.
- atypical - Heart ko asymptomatic cuta.

Akwai 3 manyan siffofin da cutar.

1. Easy, na faruwa mafi sau da yawa a cikin manya da makaranta-shekaru yara. Bayyana a matsayin m nasopharyngitis, na numfashi gazawar ba ya lura. Mafi sau da yawa, jiki zafin jiki ya zauna al'ada ko ƙaruwa dan kadan, amma kawai 'yan digiri. Ãyõyin maye ne gaba daya fakowa ba.

2. Moderate mai tsanani, yana yiwuwa don tsayar da bayyanar cututtuka na m mashako ko bronchiolitis tare da obstructive ciwo da kuma numfashi gazawar. A haƙuri shi ne ba, na baka cyanosis da nakasa daga 'ya'yan numfashi. Idan rashin lafiya yaro, yana iya zama ma m, jin barci, agitated ko lethargic. Sau da yawa samu kadan karuwa a cikin hanta ko baƙin ciki. A zafin jiki ne sau da yawa dagagge, amma da ta faru da shi ne al'ada. Akwai matsakaici maye.

3. Tã, a wannan lokacin tasowa bronchiolitis da obstructive mashako. Akwai alaka mai karfi rashin iska a cikin abin da za a iya kawai taimaka wani oxygen mask numfashi. Noises aka gano whistles kuma ba a pronounced yawan guba da kuma mai karfi da karuwa a cikin hanta da saifa.

By ka'idar nauyi sau da yawa sun hada da wadannan halaye:

- samuwan gida canje-canje.
- wahala na numfashi gazawar.

By da yanayin da ya kwarara:

- m - babu kwayan rikitarwa.
- ba m - bayyanar ciwon huhu, sinusitis da otitis surkin jini.

labarin

Numfashi syncytial cutar, wanda bayyanar cututtuka za a iya rikita batun tare da sauran cututtuka da aka gano a 1956 by Dr. Morris. Ya aka kallon da chimpanzee, wanda aka samu rhinitis, ya samu wani sabon kamuwa da cuta da kuma kira shi da wani Efes - Chimpanzeecoriraagent (da causative wakili na kowa sanyi chimpanzee). A lokacin jarrabawa na haƙuri ma'aikatan wanda ya kula da wani biri, shi aka lura karuwa a antibodies ne sosai kama da cutar.

A shekarar 1957, R. Chenok kasaftawa guda pathogen a kamuwa da yara, kuma Ya ƙaddara cewa shi ne wanda ya kasance da alhakin zumudi na mashako da kuma ciwon huhu. Bayan wannan, kuma har yanzu masana kimiyya unsuccessfully kokarin samar da maganin.

bincikowa da

The asibiti definition da cutar matsala, saboda kama tare da wasu cututtuka. A manya, mafi sau da yawa mamaye bayyanar cututtuka na mashako da kuma ciwon huhu. A dakin gwaje-gwaje nazarin yin amfani da serological hanyoyin cewa gane antibody titer. Idan dole, likita sanya wani takamaiman X-haskoki da dakin gwaje-gwaje gwaje-gwaje, misali, virological gwajin nasopharyngeal swabs.

far

Marasa lafiya da aka yi fama da numfashi syncytial cutar, aka ba da jiyya a wani hadadden, dõmin ya tabbatar da jiki. Bed sauran bada shawarar ga dukan zamanin da exacerbation. Arin da aka nuna ga yara da tsanani cuta, yara makarantan nasare shekaru da kuma tare da wani talakawan nauyin mutanen da suke rikitarwa. Dole ne ya samar da shekaru-dace rage cin abinci. Ya kamata hada da wani mechanically da chemically m abinci, kammala da dama da alama abubuwa da kuma bitamin.

Har ila yau gudanar causal magani, wanda aka halin da amfani da kwayoyi kamar leukocyte mutum interferon, "Anaferon", "Grippferon" da "Viferon". A tsanani siffofin, shi ne shawarar ya dauki "immunoglobulin" da "Ribavirin", da farashin dabam daga 240-640 rubles, dangane da sashi. Daidai taimakawa wajen hana bayyanar da sakamakon mashako miyagun ƙwayoyi "Sinagis". Idan gano kwayan rikitarwa, shi nuna antimicrobial far.

Bronchial toshewa ne da cire symptomatic da pathogenetic magani. A wannan yanayin, yi amfani da wani oxygen mask for numfashi, shi ya sa ya fi sauƙi ga m bayyanar cututtuka da simplifies iska wadata.

Dispensary kallo na bukatar rikitarwa. Bayan ciwon huhu da shawarar checkups bayan 1, 3, 6 da kuma 12 watanni don kammala dawo da. M bincikowa da wajibi ne bayan maimaita mashako da kuma nada bayan da kyautatuwa. Idan dole, shi ne ziyarci ta hanyar tuntubar allergist ko pulmonologist, da kuma sanya dakin gwaje-gwaje gwaje-gwaje.

lura da yara

The yara ko da yaushe samun rashin lafiya mafi wuya, da kuma sakamakon ne yafi tsanani fiye da a manya, don haka magani ya zama sosai, kuma m.

antivirals:

- "Ribavirin", da farashin da miyagun ƙwayoyi, kamar yadda a baya aka bayyana - shi ne samuwa, haka karfi da bai buga Aljihuna na iyaye.
- kuma sau da yawa wajabta "Arbidol", "Inosine", "Tiloran" da "pranobex".

Syndromical far bukatar gudanar bisa ga ya dace ladabi domin lura da m na numfashi rashin cin nasara, mashako, kuma croup ciwo.

Basic antihomotoxic far:

- "Mura-diddige", "Engystol" (amfani da qaddamar da kewaye).
- "Euforbiumkompozitum C" (hanci SPRAY).
- "Limfomiozot".

Bugu da kari:

- "Viburkol" (rectal suppositories).
- "Echinacea kompozitum C" (ampoules).
- "Angin-diddige S".
- "Traumel C" (Allunan).

Dukkan wadannan kayan aikin taimaki cin nasara da kyau-numfashi syncytial cutar a yara.

farko matakai

Domin sauri kayar da rashin lafiya, kana bukatar ka yadda ya kamata amsa da cututtuka bayyana, don haka da cewa zai iya samu da dole taimako a cikin hali na bukatar.

1. Ka nemi magani ake bukata lokacin da wani matashi yaro SARS bayyanar cututtuka, wato ciwon makogwaro, runny hanci da kuma mai tsanani wheezing.
2. bukata kira motar asibiti, idan akwai wani babban zazzabi, m amo, wahala numfashi da kuma janar mai tsanani yanayin.

Ake bukata, don magance irin likitoci, kamar yadda wani ilimin, da kuma cututtuka.

rikitarwa

Mummunan tasiri a kan numfashi fili yana mai numfashi syncytial cutar. Sakamakon na da yawa cuta, tun da shi zai iya shiga sakandare kwayan Flora kuma sa cututtuka kamar:

- sinusitis.
- otitis kafofin watsa labarai.
- mashako.
- ciwon huhu.
- bronchiolitis.

rigakafin

All kwayar cututtuka ne da wuya mu bi domin su bayyanar cututtuka sukan boye. Daya daga cikin matakan shi ne farkon ganewa na cututtuka da kuma warewa daga marasa lafiya don kammala su dawo. A lokacin da wani fashewa da irin cututtuka musamman a cikin asusun hygienic matakan. A yara kungiyoyin da asibitoci suka gayyace saka mura masks ga ma'aikatan. Jarirai dole da kuma tsare disinfected hannuwa amfani Alkali mafita.

Domin gaggawa rigakafin matakan da foci kamuwa da cuta sun hada da yin amfani da kwayoyi kamar "Anaferon", "Viferon", "Imunal" da kuma da dama inducers na na ciki interferon.

Immunoprophylaxis hada da nufin kamar "Motavizubam", "RESPIGHI" da "Palivizubam".

maganin

Don kwanan wata, a can ya ɓullo da wani bangaren da zai hana cutar. Halitta ne quite aiki, gwaje-gwajen da aka yi tun shekarun 1960s, bayan da abu ne inactivated tare da formalin yaƙi, ya kewaye alum. Irin wannan maganin sa a pronounced samuwar magani antibodies, ko da yake sakamakon da aikace-aikace, sun gwada ɓullo da mafi tsanani da rashin lafiya. Live attenuated aka gyara sa bayyanar cututtuka su ne ba sosai m ko dai jũya a cikin wannan cutar, kawai cikin daji-type. Don kwanan wata, la'akari da hanyar da tsarkakewa daga antibodies da wani subunit na daya daga cikin surface sunadarai ko attenuated Kwayoyin, sa'an nan ka yi kokarin daidaita su da sanyi.