Church of St. George a Ladoga. St. George ta Church (Old Ladoga)

A kauyen Ladoga a Birnin Leningrad, yankin - daya daga cikin tsofaffin ƙauyuka a arewa maso yammacin Rasha. A nan a cikin farkon tsakiyar zamanai samo asali Rasha statehood. A cikin rabi na biyu na karni XII fara Christianisation na wadannan kasashe. A shirin na Bishop Niphon a Ladoga gina bakwai (bisa ga sauran kafofin - takwas) Ibada. Up zuwa yanzu kawai gaba daya kiyaye coci na St. George a Ladoga da Cathedral na ɗauka na yi iyaka da Convent.

A tarihin gina coci na St. George

Haikalin da aka gina bayan nasarar sojojin Rasha kan Swedes a kan Voronege kogin. A daidai ranar fara yi ba a tsare, shi ne kawai aka sani cewa coci da aka gina a 1165-1166 gg. A 1445 garu kewaye da Haikalin girma sufi. The kafa na sufi da aka Archbishop na Novgorod Efimov. Ubangiji biya mai girma da hankali ga gyara da coci, kazalika da zane-zane a kan ganuwar da sufi. Bayan shekaru da dama da frescoes sun kasance a bukatar sabunta bayanan. Kafin artists aka kalubalanci don kiyaye tsoho zane-zane da kuma haifar da sabon murals su bi a baya soma da style da abun ciki.

A daidai wannan lokaci da haikali an rufe shi da wani sabon rufi, ya maye gurbin bagaden shãmaki, mu sa biyu-bene iconostasis. A irin wannan mazauni wanzu kafin matsaloli (XVI-XVII cc.).

A cikin shekaru 1584-1586 coci na St. George a Ladoga daban-daban gable rufe vaults da conical Dome ƙarshe. A kan yammacin facade ya a haɗe dvuhprolotnuyu belfry. A lokacin overhaul na coci a 1683-1684 gg. gable hipped cover maye gurbin, kyautata da drum, dage farawa hudu windows, kammala rastesku taga takware. Abin baƙin ciki, a wannan lokaci da muke bai biya isa hankali ga frescoes, da yawa daga abin da aka saukar daga ganuwar da aka rasa a karkashin sabon bene.

Kimiyya maido da haikalin

Interest a zamanin d Rasha zanen da aka farfado a farkon na XIX karni. Church of St. George a Ladoga, wanda tarihi ya koma ƙarni, ya zo karkashin angarorin na mallaka archaeological Hukumar. Ta hanyar kokarin da masu goyon baya da frescoes an ceto. Kwafar images hannu da artist VA Prokhorov, NE Brandenburg. Masu bincike na Rasha tsufa VN Lazarev, VV Suslov karatu art siffofin frescoes.

A XX karni da ayyuka a cikin maido da haikalin, waɗanda aka keɓe su a shekara ta 1904. By mai farin ciki da daidaituwa, da Church of St. George a Ladoga tsere da mugayen halaka a lokacin sau da m basu yarda. Taimakawa wajen da sabuntawa da sufi da gine-ginen nan, masana tarihi, artists, sabuntawa nazarinsa - VV Danilov, EA Dobmrovskaya, AA Draga da sauransu. A shekarar 1996, sabuntawa aikin da aka kammala. A sakamakon haka, St. George ta Church ya samu asali bayyanar. Ganuwar da haikalin da aka saki daga hanya accretions, da kuma yanzu da hankalin jama'a gabatar suke dashi ayyukansu na zamanin d art.

Game da Saint George

A majiɓinci, saint na coci ne mai tsarki shahidi George da ya sa ya countrymen yarda da bangaskiyar Kirista. Mu'amala da mazaunan Palestine zuwa Kristanci ne sakamakon nasarar da saint kan sojojin na sharri da aka sani da Miracle of St. George da kuma Dragon.

A wannan lokacin, da mazauna Palasdinawa birnin Ebal sun Majusawa. A 'yan ƙasa ne sosai ji tsoro da mugun maciji ne da suka rayu a cikin tafkin da kuma ci mutane. Domin ya cece talakawansa, da Sarkin umurni da a ba da za a cinye ta da wani maciji Daya yaro kullum. Da zarar yara a cikin birnin da aka bari, da kuma hadaya ta dabba kawo gimbiya.

Yarinya tsaye a bakin teku, yayi murabus don ya ƙaddara, a lokacin da ba zato ba tsammani, daga babu inda, ya bayyana a kan doki. Yana da aka St. George, hau da taimakon jama'a. Da taimakon Allah, a cikin sunan Yesu Almasihu, da maciji aka ci, daure da kuma bai wa kisan kiyashin da Palasdinawa. Ganin hasãra Monster, jama'a suka yi murna da kuma gaskanta da Kristi.

George da kuma Dragon aiwatuwa a cikin eponymous icon. Face of St. George fatattakar 'dodo, NUNA nasarar mutum a kan sojojin na sharri a kan su kasawan, sha'awa da kuma shakku a cikin addini. Gwagwarmaya da mugayen ne ya zama ba kawai a kusa da mu, amma a kanmu.

Church of St. George a Ladoga: gine

Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, godiya ga hayayyafa aiki na mutane da yawa, da Haikalin mayar da su asalin siffan. Gininsu, yayi daidai da salo na addini gine-gine na pre-Mongol zamanin. Daya-domed coci, yana da dirkoki huɗu da uku apses ravnovysokih. A tsawo daga cikin haikali ne da goma sha biyar mita da kuma makõmarsu yanki ne da saba'in da biyu murabba'in mita.

A windows a arewa, kudu da gabas facades aka shirya asymmetrically. Traditional fasali za a iya gano kawai a kan yammacin facade. Ta hanyar wannan gine-gine da zane a bayyanar da haikali kawo wasu kuzarin kawo cikas, da ginin ba ya duba classically m da proportionate.

Jeri na bangaren yana da aikin muhimmanci: windows aka shirya don haka da cewa haske samu a cikin dakin. Taga takware a cikin shinge arewa da kuma kudu facades gina a matsayin dala. A windows, wanda aka located a kasa, a karkashin gallery bude. mawaka daki a hawa na biyu na yammacin kusurwa na coci suna da alaka da katako decking. A bene kai ga gallery, dake a cikin bangon yamma.

Eastern gefen da yake cikin Haikali facades shinge da ɗan rage a cikin size, da apse kamar guga man a cikin bango na drum aka canja da yawa zuwa gabas. The Church ba tsananin centric, wanda ya hali na Novgorod gine na wancan lokacin. Haikalin da aka gina a kagara, don haka da Masters aka tilasta la'akari da riga data kasance gine-gine.

haikali zanen

St. George ta Church da frescoes na farkon na XII karni. Byzantine art aka lauye da zamantakewa bukatun Ancient Rus. Nada zane-zane - don ilmantar da mutane, ta shiga parishioners to Kirista dabi'u. Musamman girmamawa a cikin Novgorod ƙasar da aka St. Kliment Rimsky.

Frescoes na St. George Church aka sanya a cikin wannan salon. A artists na cewa lokaci mallaki zama dole fasaha da basira, ji launi, su na sane da ajalin da kuma dokokin hulda alamu da haikali sarari.

Don sun tsira kawai a karo na biyar na frescoes. More fili bayyane a duk na drum na Dome da fentin da abun da ke ciki "Hawan Yesu zuwa sama". A saman bagaden dace da sarakuna, da annabawa Dãwũda da Sulaimãn, Novgorod girmamawa ga su hikima da damuwa ga Kiristoci. Domin shugabanni juya fuskoki daga cikin dattawan: Ishaya, Irmiya, Mika, na Gidiyon, Nahum, Ezekiel. Har ila yau, da image na Our Lady ajiye Arhangela Gavriila, Bishop Ioanna Milostivogo, Georgiya Pobedonostsa, mala'iku.

Town coci

The Church of St. George a kauyen Staraya Ladoga. Shi ne mafi shiri a cikin Birnin Leningrad yankin. A farko gine-gine a nan da aka samu a cikin 753. Ladoga aka ambata a cikin "Tale of bygone Years" kamar yadda wani mallaki Prince Rurik. A cewar da Novgorod Chronicle, a kauyen binne Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Oleg.

Bugu da kari ga St. George Church, Old Ladoga yana da eponymous gidan kayan gargajiya-ajiye, Staraya Ladoga sansanin soja, da kuma mace namiji gidajen lama.