Otto Weininger: biography, quotes. Otto Weininger, "Sex da Character": summary, reviews

Austria Falsafa, wani Bayahude da haihuwa Otto Veyninger aka haife shi a 1880, a kan 3 Afrilu a Austria babban birnin Vienna. Rekõdinsa ya ban tausayi: da shekaru 23 mace jami'a digiri na biyu, wani matashi psychologist da kuma Falsafa, shi ne wanda aka azabtar da mutum ya kashe kansa. Babban matsalar na ashirin da uku boys rayuwa shi ne ya Jewishness. Wannan sada al'amari ya hana shi zama a al'ada rayuwa da kuma zama cikin jituwa tare da kanta. The rubutu, wanda ya rubuta kawai kafin ya mutu, kuma wanda aka samu daga takardunku, an rubuta cewa ya kashe kansa domin kada su kashe wasu. Hakika, domin mutane da yawa da ma'anar tatsuniya zauna fahimci. Ina mamaki da abin da ya nufi?

Otto Weininger. "Sex da Character": a takaice

Wannan littafin ne hallmark na Austria zurfin tunani. Yana Otto Weininger hannun jari da duniya lura da nazarin namiji da mace. Ya ya warai amince cewa suna da cikakken hamayya da juna, musamman a cikin halin kirki da hankali. A littafin "Sex da Character" da aka rubuta a 1902, da wani rabin shekara kafin marubucin kashe kansa. Bayan 110-da shekaru shi bai rasa da shahararsa a tsakanin biyu masana kimiyya da kuma talakawa 'yan ƙasa. Bisa ga ka'idar, ciki namiji mutum da wani babban farkawarka da asceticism da halittar. Amma ga mata - mafi m model na sani. More son sha'awa da kuma kasa m. A lokaci guda dako na "mace" shi ne farkon ba mata kawai ba, amma har maza, na zuwa da Negroid tseren, kazalika da Yahudawa. The Kiristoci ne na hali dako na "namiji" halin kirki manufa.

biography Weininger

Kamar yadda muka rigaya muka gani, da Austria Falsafa Otto Weininger, wanda biography fara a 1880, an haife shi a birnin na Waltz - Vienna a farkon na biyu spring watanni (Afrilu 3). Its tushen mallakar Mosaic shekaru, da cewa shi ne dalilin da ya mutuwa a shekaru 23. Abin baƙin ciki, bayani game da yadda wani yaro ya Veyninger Otto, a takaice dai biography na Falsafa ba siffantãwa. Me ya sa yake takaice? Kada ka manta da cewa ya bar wannan duniya a wata sosai matasa shekaru. Duk da haka, ya gudanar ya immortalize sunansa - Otto Weininger. "Sex da Character" (reviews game da wannan littafin ta da kansu da muhimmanci saboda su kasance a cikin alkalami na daban-daban malamai) - wannan shi ne mai ban sha'awa littafin game da yanayin da mata da maza. Tana da shekaru 100, shi ne a karkashin ido na matasa masana kimiyya lura: sociologists, masana ilimin tunani, da binciken burbushin, kuma, ba shakka, da masana falsafa da.

Weininger kansa farko karatu a Vienna University of Natural Kimiyya, da kyau, sa'an nan Na switched ga falsafa. Ya na da ban mamaki ikon da ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare tare da karrama. A cikin shekaru 20 da suka gudanar ya yi abubuwa da yawa: mallakar yawa kamar matattu da kuma na zamani harsuna, na yi mai kyau da ilmi na adabi, labarin kasa, lissafi da kuma magani. Yana iya a yi la'akari mai girma ilimi ko malamin. Jim kadan bayan samun digiri, ya kare doctoral dissertation, jigo na abin da ya bayyana bisexuality. Af, bayan da tsaro masanin kimiyya da aka yi masa baftisma kuma ya zama mai bin Lutheran Church.

A Sanadin kunar bakin wake

Bayan Otto ya da wata masĩfa, abokan aiki soma nazarin dalilan da zai iya kai shi zuwa ga wannan. Mafi yawansu ba su zo ga ƙarshe cewa Otto Weininger, bayan ya kammala da cewa Yahudawa kasance a cikin mata, iya kai shi da kuma yanke shawarar kashe kansa. A cikin wani hali, a lokacin da ya rasu, ya kasance a cikin wani sha'ani na zurfin ciki rikicin. Duk da haka, ba kawai yahudawa ainihi, amma kuma a ci gaba da hankali taimake shi aikata irin wannan m mataki.

Ta yaya wannan ya faru?

Kunar bakin Otto Weininger daukarsa demonstrative kamar yadda ya zabi ya yi wannan a wani hotel dakin, a cikin abin da ya ba da sama karshen ruhun da babban mawaki Beethoven. Otto samu rabin matattu a cikin wannan sosai dakin da 'yan sanda. A kan hanyar zuwa asibiti ya rasu. Dalilin shi a harbin bindiga rauni ga kirji (zuciya). Kafin mutuwarsa, sai ya yi tafiya zuwa Italiya, da kuma cewa da wani wasiya daga takardunku aka samu rubuce a lokacin wannan tafiya. Wannan yana nufin cewa kunar bakin wake da aka premeditated kuma m mataki, ba wani yanzu-yanzu wani rauni. A nufinsa, ban da wasu daga cikin kudi umarni, sai ya tambaye su aika da shi a littafin irin wannan jama'a Figures, kamar Knut Hamsun, Jakob Wassermann, Maxim Gorky, da dai sauransu Daga cikin 'ya'yansa takardunku da cewa rubutu da aka samu, da muka riga muka ce -. "Na yi kashe kaina, ba ya kashe wasu. " A Sanadin kashe kansa, bisa ga hukuntanka na daban-daban masana ilimin tunani da bambance bambancen, amma ce domin tabbatar, ba wanda zai iya.

Works of Otto Weininger

Hakika, "Sex da Character" - cikin shahararrun aiki na Falsafa, amma bayan mutuwarsa a cikin haske ya fita littattafai kamar "A Lãhira Things", rubuta a cikin wannan shekara a matsayin "Sex da Character", amma da aka buga a 1904 m, "love kuma mace" (1917). Af, a duk koyarwar da ya mamaye wata tsakiyar wuri mutane. A cewar Weininger, da yake shi kadai a cikin sararin samaniya. Ya ba shi da wani a raga, kuma kome waje na kanta. Shi bai sani ba ga abin da raye, abin da aka aikata zuwa ga mafi girman akida.

Taimako zuwa kimiyya

A farkon karni na 20th, magana da wani rikicin na hali sun Popular. Kuma cewa Weininger ya iya kai a cikin ayyukansu ne a yanayin inda wani mutum mai yanke ƙauna, mai rashin fahimtar kansa. Duk da haka, ya kasance sane da cewa yana da babban m, kuma ya m ya damar iya yin komai. Otto Weininger yi imani da cewa duk da yake bukatar a yi - to kawo duk da ilmi, kazalika da haske game da janar da kuma vseobyasnyayuschuyu tsarin, wanda, a cikin ra'ayi, shi ne ya 600-page aikin "Sex da kuma yanayi na muhimman hakkokin bincike.". Wannan zai ba da damar da shi don warware asirin duniya da kuma mutum. Wannan littafi da aka buga a 1903 da Viennese da Leipzig wallafa 'Braumyuller ". Da alama cewa a duk rayuwarsa ya tafi a kan kamar yadda ya saba. Aikinsa ya sanya shi ya shahara, kuma a yanzu da yawa san wanda Weininger. Tarihinsa, duk da haka, an nan da sannu za a katse. Wata rana bayan wata tafiya zuwa Italiya, sai ya ciyar da kwanaki biyar a gidan iyayensa. Sa'an nan, babu wanda ya ce, kawar da dare daki, abin da ya sau ɗaya girma Beethoven ya mutu. Kashegari, da safe ya kasance ba da rai.

sayings

Duk da cewa 'yan mutane san a fadi da'irori, wanda shi ne Otto Weininger, ya riwaito shi quite rare. Da yawa daga cikinsu ya kasance a cikin mafi kyau jima'i. Daga cikin wadannan, za mu iya zana karshe a matsayin mai kawo rigima da aka hali zuwa gare su. Kuma idan ya ce da Yahudawa suke dako na mata, ya bayyana dalilin da ya sa ya kashe kansa a kan kansu. Ya kawai ya m ya zauna tare da irin wannan nauyi. Kuma yanzu ina so in sanar da ku tare da wasu daga cikin Jagora, wanda aka located in da wadannan sashe mai taken "Otto Weininger: quotes game da mata." Hakika, da yawa daga abin da kuka kawai ba na son shi. Duk da haka, da Austria Falsafa tunani, kuma ya ji haka ...

Otto Weininger: kwaso game da mata

Weininger rubuta cewa wata mace a wasu sassa mafi kyau fiye da dukan. Ko da Falsafa yi imanin cewa, wata mace ta iya jawo hankalin kawai mutumin da ya da ya tunanin shi karfi. Bugu da kari, ya yi imanin cewa, duk wani mace a kan wani mutum ya aikata erogenically, da kuma dukkan mutane suna janyo hankalin zuwa mata daidai. A cewar shi, idan a ruhaniya da karfi mace, ita da karfi da kuma jiki. Bugu da kari, za dole na namiji halaye a cikin halin da a zahiri. Mata sabanin maza ne ba kunya, game da nuna wasu da yadda m, ta kasance. Saboda shi kawai ne ba iya fuskanci mai zurfi unhappiness. Abu mafi muhimmanci ga mace da za a auna. Duk da haka, shi wajibi ne zuwa alfahari game da shi a gaban sauran mata da su yi wa hassada. A mace ba ya bukatar girmama ta mutum, ta kawai yake so wani don ku mallake ta jiki. Akwai su da yawa wasu farillai a irin wannan ruhu, wanda, da sauƙi, iya ruffle wani m mace.

Reviews ga babban aikin Otto Veyningera

An yi} iyasin daga cikin malaman game da wannan littafin ne shubuha. Wasu la'akari da shi da mafi kyaun abin da ayyukansu a fagen tunani. Duk da haka, wasu yi imani da cewa wannan shi ne maganar banza, da kuma nadama kashe ta lokaci karanta. Akwai ra'ayoyin cewa Freud ya mai bin Weininger, a maimakon haka, cewa ya aro ya ra'ayi da kuma cewa nazarin Uncle Sigmund kome fiye da wani rip-kashe. Hakika, a cikin mutane, magana gaskiya ma, kuma ko da tare da sha'awa game da aikin na Weininger, mafi yawa maza, da cewa shi ne "galihu", amma wakilan da weaker jima'i, ba shakka, bai yi musayar ra'ayi a kan kasawarmu. A takaice, aikinsa Otto Veyninger ya iya shuka sabani tsakanin wadannan jinsuna biyu.