Paul Klee: hotuna da kuma kwatancin. Jamus da kuma Swiss artist Paul Klee (Paul Klee)

The artist Paul Klee ne daya daga cikin mafi shahararren wakilan avant-garde art na farko da rabi na XX karni. Ya aka dauke masa a biyu kasashen Turai, domin, kamar yadda wani Jamus dan kasa, da aka haife shi ya girma, kuma sun ciyar da sauran rai a cikin Switzerland.

da artist ta yarantaka

Paul Klee, wanda zane-zane da aka yanzu da aka sani zuwa ga magoya na art a duniya, an haife shi a 1879 a cikin karamin gari Myunhenbuhzee dake kusa da Bern. Iyali a nan gaba artist ya m: ya baba kasance a music malami, da mahaifiyata ya raira songs. Sa'ad da Bulus ya 3 years old, na kaka ba shi pencils. Tun wannan lokacin, da yaro da aka kwashe jawo. Bayan zanen daga yara ya koya yi wasa da goge da kuma rubuce-rubuce shayari. Halarci makaranta Paul bai son yaron fĩfĩta su magance kawai tare da wadanda cewa ba shi wahayi.

Ilimi da kuma na farko nuni

A 1898 Klee soma nazarin ginshiƙi a Munich G. Heinrich Knirr zaman kansa makaranta, amma 2 shekaru daga baya ya shiga a cikin Academy of Fine Arts, inda ya zama malamin zanen ta F. von makale. Bayan samun digiri, Paul tattaki zuwa Italiya, yin matsahi na saba da gine-gine da kuma zane-zane na Renaissance, sa'an nan ya zauna a Bern da karatu graphics. A wannan lokacin, da ya halitta a jerin "Odnokryly gwarzo" kwafi, "kirkire-kirkire", "The Virgin a kan itace" da sauransu. A 1906 matasa artist ya auro pianist Lily Stumpf kuma a karshe zauna a Munich. A nan kuma kokarin bayyana da basira Paul Klee. A nuni da zane-zane a karon farko da aka gudanar a Bern a 1910. Yana featured farkon zana rubutu, watercolors da kuma zane. A aikin da aka rubuta a cikin Art Nouveau style, da rashin alheri da maye zauna kusan kada a gane shi.

Reincarnation cikin wani baiwa

Rayuwa a Munich, Klee sanya abokai da Kandinsky da kuma zama memba na kungiyar Expressionist "Blue Rider". Creative Group tattara wakilan art, don ƙirƙirar aiki a avant-garde style. A artists kunshe a shi ta hanyar da ya zane-zane da su bayyana abin ji na gaskiya, da m daga kowa ilimi nagartacce a zanen.

A shekara ta 1914, Paul Klee tafiya zuwa Tunisia. A lokacin wannan ziyarar, da artist karshe kafa musamman, peculiar kawai don shi coloristic dandano. Kada kafin Klee bai rubuta kamar yadda a daidai wannan lokacin. Daga karkashin hannunsa daga almara, da kuma man watercolor zane-zane ( "Kairouan", "bisa Hammamet").

Tare da fashewa daga yakin duniya na biyu, Paul Klee aka girke a cikin sojojin. Ya ba ya aiko zuwa gaba, da kuma wa'azi da shi ga fenti da fuselage na soja jirgin sama. Ko da a cikin wannan da wuya tsawon garde ya samu lokacin da za a ci gaba da zane. Bayan karshen tashin ya koma Munich Paul Klee. A nuni da zane-zane da aka gudanar a 1920. yadudduka wakilta a kan shi, kamar yaro ta zane-zane. Sun kasance sũ ne m, a yanayi, amma shi ne na yaro, kuma ya ja hankalin masu art masoya. Daga wannan lokacin ya fara wani sabon mataki a cikin m rai na artist.

A 20-30-ies a Bugu da kari ya rubuta zane-zane ya na da hannu a cikin koyarwa a makaranta na m zane da kuma gina Bauhaus. A shekara ta 1925, ya zane-zane da aka gabatar a surrealist nuni a Paris. Bayan Hitler ya zo ikon Klee a 1933 sai ya tafi Switzerland, inda ya shafe na karshe shekaru ransa. A wannan lokaci, za mu dauki wani 2 Nunin ayyuka (Berne da kuma Zurich). A 55 shekaru, da artist kamu da scleroderma. Shi ne daga wannan cuta a 1940 da kuma mutu Paul Klee. Zanen, da shi, a cikin adadin wuce 9000 zane-zane. Kusan rabin na su ne a kan nuni a yau sadaukar da aikinsa cibiyar located in Bern. Sauran marubucin Masterpieces za a iya gani a galleries da kuma masu zaman kansu tarin a duniya.

Paul Klee a Pushkin Museum

Duk da cewa da sunan artist na dogon lokaci a tsaye a kan wannan mataki tare da irin wannan avant-garde artists kamar yadda Matisse, Kandinsky da Picasso, aikinsa a Rasha har kwanan nan aka kadan da aka sani. A halin da ake ciki canza bayan da Disamba 2014, Maris 2015. Pushkin, a Moscow Museum bakuncin lãbãri daga zane-zane Klee "Ba a rana ba tare da wani line." Ta magoya zanen gabatar 150 daga cikin ayyukansa na zuwa matakai daban-daban na m rai na master. Shirya na nuni sun bayar da irin wannan hanyar da marubucin na zane-zane da za a iya gano duk wata hanya zuwa ga samuwar kamar yadda avant-garde, daga farkon zane da kuma kawo karshen tare da daga baya zane-zane.

Feature mayen style

Abin da yake haka m ga masoya na zamani art, Paul Klee? Zane-zane ta hanyar wannan marubucin ana iya gano ta da dabara na kisa. Su ba za a iya dangana ga wani daya style. A marubucin m abubuwa suna da alaka, surrealism Cubist da Fauve. A sauki da kuma plainness na Lines a hade tare da kere selection launuka sanya zane-zane Klee Masterpieces na art, da kuma shi kansa - mai baiwa.

Zane-zane da farkon 20-ies

Daya daga cikin mafi daukan hankali ayyukan avant-garde za a iya kira "Diana a cikin kaka iska" (1921). The m Lines bar ta artist a kan takarda, a fili a bayyane siririn silhouette wata mace. Depicting kamar yadda iska Picks sama ganye da kuma tãguwar ruwa mai sauki masana'anta riguna, Klee nasarar halitta da mafarki na motsi a cikin daskararre siffan. Saboda da taushi da kuma dumi launuka na hoto alama zama ma fi tsauri, da iska da kuma music. Daga cikin matasa lady hurawa m da kaffa, da kuma cewa yanayi da aka canjawa wuri bimbinin hoto masu kallo. Amma a cikin wani zane, kuma ya ji bakin ciki rubutu: tsauri image alludes ga cewa matasa ne na wucewa, da kuma ba da nĩsa ba da kaka na rayuwa, daga abin da ba shi yiwuwa a boye.

M ji haifar da wani lissafi da juna na artist "Senecio", halitta a shekara ta 1922 daga zane ga viewer kallon da actor-kamanci da wani unnaturally zagaye, kamar mask, kansa. Ya bã tãre rabbai na fuska ne zuwa kashi daban-daban masu launin rectangles, da kuma jini-ja idanu duba a daban-daban kwatance. Duk da cewa a cikin hoto akwai wani m kewayon launuka, daga ta naushe sanyi da kuma tashin hankali. By depicting lissafi siffofi fuskar actor, da artist kokarin isar da ciki duniya, shi ne kai tsaye dogara a kan mataki na reincarnation.

Description "Cats da Birds"

Paul Klee kaunace dabbobi da kuma sau da yawa fentin su a kan zane. A 1928 da ya halitta ya shahara "Cat kuma Bird". A hoto da aka fentin da man fetur da kuma aka adana a cikin New York Museum of Art Modern. Zane ado da m-yellow cat ta kai, a goshin wanda aka kõma kadan ruwan hoda tsuntsu. A dabbobi ya bayyana a nan a matsayin mafarauci. An hange da ganima, kuma Yanã fitar da ita babbar kore idanu. M tsuntsu ba ya san cewa ta ƙaddara shi ne qaddara, da kuma 'yan seconds daga baya ta zai mutu a cikin muƙamuƙanka wata mashaya jini predator. Ptah ba su iya tserewa. Alamu a wannan da jini launi, da kuma wani manufa kõma Klee dama jikin ta.

mutuwa kerawa

Kafin rasuwarsa ya ci gaba da haifar da Paul Klee. The zane-zane na karshe shekaru har ma fiye da reminiscent na yara zane. Daga cikin mafi yawan 'yan ayyukan da master hada da "Mutuwa da wuta". Yana da aka halitta a 1940, a lokacin da baiwa ne ƙwarai da lafiya. M line a hade tare da duhu launuka kai ciki abubuwan Klee. A cikin foreground na zanen siffanta mutuwar wanda disfigured fuska mai tsanani grin. Baya shi da aka gani a cike kusan dukan sararin sama harshen wuta gabatowa armless mutum. Mafi m, a cikin hoton da hali ya bayyana Klee kansa, jin da m mutuwa, kuma ya fahimci gazawan a gaban ta.

A duk da tsanani da rashin lafiya, da bara na rayuwarsa ya zama sosai m ga artist. Ta ƙirƙirar da kansa musamman, ko da abin da ba na son da style of rubuce-rubuce, Klee kasance da aminci ga shi har sai da ya karshe numfashi.