Physico-sinadaran Properties daga cikin jini, jini aiki

rayuwa ne ba zai yiwu ba ba tare da jini. A cikin mutane, shi aikin da muhimman ayyuka. Akwai da dama, amma overestimate wadannan kaddarorin ne wuya. Daga jihar na jini dogara a kan aikin na zuciya, gabobin da jini.

Da ayyuka da halaye da kwayoyin ƙayyade da jiki da kuma sinadaran Properties na jini. Don hankalta da su, kana bukatar ka shiga cikin al'amurran da suka shafi jikin mutum Physiology. Dabam shi wajibi ne a yi la'akari da gyara na jini aka gyara da kuma jini Properties.

Janar halaye

A jini zama dole ga mutum ga dalilai da dama. Yana hidima a subspecies na connective nama. A jini abun da ke ciki ya hada da uniform Kwayoyin da wani ruwa abu (jini).

Na farko da kungiyar hada da ja da maikacin jini, platelets da farin jini Kwayoyin. Kowane irin jini cell aikin takamaiman ayyuka. Suka dukan jini, akwai har zuwa 45%. Jini ne wani intercellular ruwa da kuma shi ne 55% na jimlar nauyi.

A rabo na kafa barbashi don jimlar jini girma ne da ake kira hematocrit ta. Jima'i ainihi musababin da jiki da kuma sinadaran Properties na jini. Physiology maza da shawara hematocrit daga 41 zuwa 48%, da kuma mace - daga 37 zuwa 43%. Its matakin da aka kayyade daban-daban sunadaran da jikin mutum. Wannan na iya zama wani canji a sha da kuma tukar tumbi da salts, ƙishirwa, tsari na gina jiki metabolism ko ja jini cell samar.

Alal misali, sa'ad da hawan dutse, inda yanayi zama mafi sparse, hematocrit qara saboda da bukatar kara samar da oxygen. A girma daga jinin da yake a cikin balagaggu jikin mutum ya kai kimanin 5 lita. Wannan shi ne kamar 7% na yawan nauyi.

Me jini?

Ayyuka da kuma physico-sinadaran Properties na jini samar da al'ada aiki na jikin mutum. The main manufofin wannan abu hada da sufuri, kullum, thermoregulatory inganci da rike shãmaki dũkiyarsu da kuma nama farfadowa.

Transport aiki kunshi dama al'amurran. Sistem sakulasan ne sistem daukawa oxygen zuwa kyallen takarda, da shan kai daga gare su carbon dioxide (numfashi aiki). Kuma ya shafi sufuri ingancin bayarwa na gina jiki ga duk tsarin. Wannan kungiyar hada da ganawa da excretory jini. Yana tattara karshe kayayyakin da salon salula metabolism da kuma transports shi da gabobin da tukar tumbi.

Thermoregulatory manufar jini ne don gudanar da zafi daga wuri na ta samuwar da sauran tsarin. Kasance da nama farfadowa da su homeostasis ne saboda canza matakai.

Jini kuma shirya kai na hormones da sauran abubuwa. A m manufa shi ne ya tabbatar da cewa rigakafi aiki. A saboda wannan dalili a cikin jikin mutum akwai wata yawan tafiyar matakai.

key Properties

Don mutum ya ji mai kyau, shi ne ake bukata don kula da al'ada ayyuka na jini. Amma bayan da cewa, akwai da dama daga Manuniya characterizing da kiwon lafiya da kwayoyin. Shi ne ainihin jiki da kuma sinadaran Properties na jini. A takaice za su iya a jera, amma kowane bukatar wani karin cikakken shawara.

Babban Manuniya na jihar na jijiyoyi ne oncotic da osmotic matsa lamba, slurry quality. Har ila yau muhimmanci sifa kamar colloidal jini kwanciyar hankali. Babban halaye da cewa an kimanta a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje nazari ne da yawa da kuma danko jini halaye. Duk wadannan kaddarorin ya zama a cikin al'ada, ko alheri ne mafi sharri, t. Don. Blood gudana ta hanyar tsarin, ciyar da kowane cell. Daga da halaye kiwon lafiya dogara kai tsaye.

Osmotic matsa lamba da irin

Idan akai la'akari da asali jiki da kuma sinadaran Properties na jini, shi wajibi ne na farko na dukkan kula ne da inganci kamar yadda wani osmotic matsa lamba type. Wannan kudi ya dogara da taro matakin na solutes a cikin jini.

Yana iya zama wadanda ba Wutan da Wutan. Dukan waɗannan da aka gyara da wasu turawa. NaCl halitta mafi wannan daukan hotuna. Inorganic aka gyara tare dokoki 95% na osmotic matsa lamba.

Kullum in ya fara tasawa, adadi ne 7.5-7.6 ATM. Wannan ake kira physiological Saline bayani, cikinsa da gishiri ciki ne 0,86%. Duk da haka, idan da abun ciki na NaCl index ƙaruwa, ta maida hankali yakan kuma daidai da matsa lamba. Wannan bayani ne da ake kira "hypertonic". A fall na gishiri taro take kaiwa zuwa wani karu a matsa lamba. Wannan take kaiwa zuwa wani irin hypotonic bayani.

Sabawa osmotic matsa lamba

Take hakkin da physicochemical kaddarorin da jini dangi da osmotic matsa lamba take kaiwa zuwa malfunction daga cikin tsarin. Physiological matsakaici bisa wannan ka'ida facilitates miƙa mulki na bayani ta hanyar da semipermeable membrane. A cikinsu ruwa motsi da aka yi daga wani m gishiri maida hankali zuwa cikakken.

Lokacin da hypertonic bayani irin erythrocytes rasa ruwa, wadda take kaiwa zuwa su shrinkage. Idan akwai low matsa lamba type, suna kara. A wannan yanayin, da ja jini Kwayoyin iya ko fashe. Wannan tsari ne da ake magana a kai a matsayin osmotic hemolysis. A rashin ja da maikacin jini ne m da mutane.

Oncotic matsa lamba da irin

A colloidal matsakaici sunadaran ma iya gina up matsa lamba, don haka yana da muhimmanci a san da sinadaran abun da ke ciki na Hematology. Physico-sinadaran Properties na jini suna dauke da sharudda oncotic matsa lamba bambancin.

A sunadarai dauke a cikin jini, yana da wuya a shawo kan bakin ciki capillary tasoshin. Oncotic matsa lamba damar ruwa zuwa tara a cikin jini. Shi ne saboda yafi albumin. Su lambar a cikin mafi girman jini.

Idan saboda wasu dalilai da yawan albumin a jini ne ma low, da nama fara kumbura. By kara maida hankali tsari ne juyawa. wani gagarumin adadin ruwa riƙe a cikin jijiyoyi. Take hakki na wannan nuna alama an kuma ji da mutum.

colloidal kwanciyar hankali

Colloid kwanciyar hankali wanda aka lura a cikin jini, kuma a hada a cikin physicochemical Properties na jini. Physiology na aiwatar bayar da hydration na gina jiki.

A kan su harsashi ions ba da wutar lantarki biyu shafi. Su dokoki ne da ake kira surface m. Yana iya ma za a sa ta zamiya, wanda faruwa a barbashi surface. Yana yana da za'ayi a cikin bayani. Wannan tsari ya haifar da wani kama zargin a kan saman a cikin abin da barbashi an hanãwa.

Irin wannan matakai ƙayyade da kwanciyar hankali na colloidal mafita, hana samuwar gungu. A mafi girma da m, da karfi da furotin da barbashi an cire daga juna.

Degree na zaman lafiya na wannan bayani ne ya kira zeta m. Saboda m jini matakan duk da sunadarai ne albumin, colloid kwanciyar hankali dogara sun fi mayar a kan su.

dakatar da ingancin

Binciko jiki da kuma sinadaran Properties na jini, ya kamata kula da ingancin dakatar. Su suna da nasaba da zaman lafiyar na sunadarai a jini. Cell raka'a kullum da za a kiyaye a dakatar. Erythrocyte sedimentation kudi (ESR) shi ne babban rarrabẽwa dakatar Properties na jini.

Wannan rating tsari ne da za'ayi a wani ajali girma na jini. Albumin adsorbed a farfajiya na ja jini Kwayoyin. Fiye da suke tãrãwa more, da mafi ingantattun dakatar ikon.

Idan ya karu matakan globulins ko wasu krupnomolekulyarnyh m sunadarai, da ESR za a ƙara a cikin jini. Dakatar da kaddarorin a lokaci guda rage. A kullum na wannan nuna alama ga maza shi ne 5-11 mm / h, yayin da mace - 6-12 mm / h.

jini danko

Physico-sinadaran Properties na da jini ake yi karatu a cikin mahallin ta danko halaye. Su ne masu muhimmanci ba kasa da sauran Manuniya.

Danko - da ikon wasu daga cikin barbashi dangi zuwa ga wasu su yi tsayayya motsi saboda m gogayya. Wannan rikitarwa aiwatar da hulda a cikin jini na ruwa kwayoyin colloids a daya hannun, kafa abubuwa da jini - a kan sauran.

jini danko domin wannan dalilin da ya bambanta da muhimmanci daga abin da na jini index. Su za a iya kwatanta ta da girmamawa ga ruwa. A cikin jini a cikin wannan harka, da danko 1.9-2.4 sau mafi girma, kuma a cikin jini - 5 sau. Idan yawan ja jini Kwayoyin ƙaruwa, mai girma yawan hematocrit, danko ƙaruwa.

Kara danko

Sabawa ne yiwu kuma danko sosai cewa faye hali physicochemical Properties na jini. Pathophysiology nazarin wannan tsari a cikin hadaddun. Bugu da kari da karuwa a ja da maikacin jini, shi kuma iya shafar canji a cikin jini. A mafi girma da maida hankali a cikinta, daga macromolecular sunadarai, da hakan danko index.

Har ila yau, taimaka wa wannan rage jini dakatar quality. Idan ja jini Kwayoyin samar da wata tari, da kuma danko ƙaruwa.

Jini ne da iri-irin tsarin. Ragewan jini ma zai iya kara yawan danko. Conversely, wani karu a danko ya auku a ƙarƙashin rinjayar high matsa lamba. Tsarin structuring karya. Idan capillaries Taper zuwa 150 microns da kasa, da danko rage-rage. Daga wannan siga dogara da aikin da mutum zuciya da jijiyoyin jini tsarin.

takamaiman nauyi

Canje-canje a cikin physicochemical kaddarorin da jini rinjayar da aiki na kowane tsarin na jiki. Karkashin iko dole rike da irin wannan siga a matsayin musamman nauyi. Ya dogara da yawan ja jini Kwayoyin da haemoglobin kunshe ne a cikin su.

jini abun da ke ciki, lalle taka muhimmiyar rawa. A nuna alama ne da rabo daga jini a fara tasawa 1,05-1,06. A maza, da yawan ja jini Kwayoyin ne mafi girma, don haka da siffa suna da dan kadan ya fi girma.

A karkashin yanayi na ƙãra danshi hasara ta jiki (msl, a zafi weather, rashin iska dakin), da takamaiman nauyi na jini yana ƙaruwa. A jini, wannan adadi ne m fiye da na ja jini Kwayoyin. Saboda haka, a lokacin da ruwa hasara ne da karuwa a hematocrit. Don kawo kudi da baya ga al'ada, cikin kwakwalwa aika wata sigina na ƙishirwa. Wannan ba ka damar yin sama da samar da ruwa. Saboda haka, a kan wani zafi rana ta ƙãra da bukatar manyan yawa na ruwa.

jini

Physico-sinadaran Properties na jini jini ma cancanci cikakken shawara. Godiya ga sunadaran kunshe ne a cikin shi da abu ne da za'ayi a yawan ayyuka.

Jini shirya ruwa-gishiri metabolism, kula osmotic matsa lamba. Yana da muhimmanci sosai ga al'ada jihar na kiwon lafiya. Saboda oncotic matsa lamba da shi na samar da zama dole matakin na homeostasis. Saboda da jini kuma goyan danko Properties, coagulation, m ayyuka.

Wannan yanayi ne da wanzar da ta dace matakin na acid-balance tushe. Jini amino acid ne a ajiye. Wannan ya bada jini domin su sadu da sinadirai masu aiki. A jini da aka hawa hormones, m acid.

A physicochemical kaddarorin da jini, za mu iya fahimtar da muhimmancin ga jiki. Rike dukan halaye a matakin da ya dace ne da key zuwa kiwon lafiya da kuma yin aiki da kyau na dukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini tsarin. Ko kadan saɓani a cikin wasan kwaikwayon da kaddarorin jini jini shi shafi lafiyar dan adam.

Don sigina jiki ta bukatar sauraron nasu mai kyau. Idan wani gyara an rasa wani abu ga al'ada aiki na jijiyoyi, wani mutum zai ji unsatisfactory. A irin haka ne ya zama dole don aikawa zuwa wani hematologist.