Portocaval anastomosis kamar yadda wani bayani da matsaloli da kuma ganewar asali da kwayoyin

Jikin mu yana da wani sosai tunani-fita tsarin na wurare dabam dabam. A hali na matsalolin a wani daga cikin na biyu dabam dabam da aka sauya sashen, wanda aka sa ta gaban anastomoses. Bugu da ƙari kuma, wadannan collaterals wani lokacin da aka ayyana asibiti bayyanar cututtuka na wasu cututtuka.

Venous mutum jini ya kasu kashi uku manyan kungiyoyin: da tsarin na portal jijiya, m kuma na sama m jijiyoyinmu. Kowace daga cikin wadannan kungiyoyin bayar da outflow na jini daga wasu yankunan na jiki. Tsakanin su, akwai da dama daga mahadi wanda ake kira portocaval da kava caval anastomoses. Saboda haka, idan daya daga cikin tsarin da ya faru, kamar blockage na veins, sa'an nan saboda gaban detours venous outflow da aka ceto.

Yanzu dauki kusa duba portocaval anastomoses. Su ne mahadi da portal jannayẽnsa (v porta.) Kuma ƙananan ko babba m venous (v cava na baya et m.) Kuma da ciwon da wadannan wuri:

- ƙananan esophagus. A jini daga portal jannayẽnsa shiga ciki veins, wanda suke yadu anastomose da esophageal. Esophageal veins, bi da bi, daga ƙarƙashinsu a cikin unpaired da hemiazygos jijiyoyinmu cewa gudãna zuwa v. cava m.

- dubura. A outflow na jini yana da za'ayi a cikin uku kafofin daga babba, tsakiya da kuma ƙananan sassa na shi. A jini gudana daga sama na zuwa ƙananan mesenteric jijiya, na tsakiya - da ciki iliac da karshe daga kasa - a cikin ciki jima'i (nan a ciki iliac). Babu shakka, a cikin kauri daga cikin dubura da suka suna da alaka da kuma samar da portocaval anastomoses.

- agara na ciki bango (a kusa da cibiyarki zobe). Complex anastomosis, da kafofin daga wanda su ne jijiyoyinmu daga dukan uku tsarin. Portal jannayẽnsa ne cibiyarki jijiya wanda aka shirya a wani madauwari cuta hanta. Daga cikin m vena cava a cikin sama anastomosis hada epigastrium, amma saboda na baya vena - ƙananan epigastrium Vienna.

- koda kwantena. A wannan yankin, da fili na baya mesenteric jannayẽnsa (daga portal jannayẽnsa) da kuma na koda jijiyoyinmu (daga kasa daga wani m).

Dole ne in ce cewa akwai ba kawai portocaval anastomoses. A wasu wuraren shiga cikin manya da ƙananan vena cava. Irin wannan mahadi ake kira kava caval anastomoses. Uku daga cikinsu:

- agara na ciki bango. Bayan anastomosis da portal jijiya, da ƙananan kuma babba m yadu kuma suna da alaka da juna.

- vertebral plexus. A cikin manya kashin baya jannayẽnsa anastomoses tare da yanki na jijiya tsarin, kai da wuya m top da kuma a cikin ƙananan part - tare da lumbar jijiyoyinmu daga cikin na baya vena cava. Saboda haka, anastomosis aka kafa ta vertebral plexus.

- loin. Lumbar cava (na baya vena cava) da kuma unpaired da hemiazygos cava (m vena).

Ma'ana detours undeniable outflow. Alal misali, a cikin ciwo na portal hauhawar jini ne wani muhimmin bincike rawa portocaval anastomoses. Gaskiyar ita ce, a wurin da wannan cuta, da yawa daga cikin asibiti manifestations da alaka da su. Akwai aka zub da jini daga esophageal varices, kazalika daga dubura. The classic alama ne "jellyfish kai". Yana bayyana kanta a cikin agara na ciki bango da aka mika anastomosing jannayẽnsa. Duk wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa saboda ya karu matsa lamba a cikin portal jannayẽnsa jini gudãna ta hanyar duk samuwa hanyoyi zuwa gare shi. A dalilan portal hauhawar jini ne cutar hanta, kamar cirrhosis, hepatitis, da kuma sauran neoplastic raunuka.

Kamar wancan ne, gaban anastomoses ne mai matukar muhimmanci a cikin aiki na jiki. Sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin da yawa cuta matakai, kuma su ne musamman muhimmanci ga zaman kanta yanke shawara da jiki na matsaloli daban-daban, da kuma ga ganewar asali na wani pathologies.