Rasha gashi na makamai da kuma tutar. Menene Rasha flag? Rasha gashi na makamai - Photo

A jihar gashi na makamai da kuma tutar Rasha da bin doka ta kafa da kuma kulla ta tarayya kundin tsarin dokar na Rasha Federation yawan 2 da yawan 1 FCL FCL 25 ga Disamba, 2000 da kuma sanya hannu da shugaban kasar Putina V. V. Amma kafin ma sun yarda da zartarwa: 22.08.1991 m Hukumar na Majalisar Koli RSFSR da aka soma a matsayin tutar Rasha fari-blue-ja tricolor. Nuwamba 30, 1993 Shugaban umurnin Rasha da aka mayar da su zuwa tarihinsa gashi na makamai - biyu-gangarawa mikiya.

A cikin sabon karni, Rasha ta shiga cikin wani tarihi mayar da katutu gargajiya jihar alamomin ... Su gama da al'umma, kar Mulki da kuma biyayya ga tarihin al'adu. A halin yanzu, su bayyanar ne tsananin kayyade da kuma aka bayyana a cikin daki-daki, a cikin muka ambata a sama dokoki.

Rasha statehood alamomin: gashi na makamai da kuma flag

Bayyanar da gashi na makamai da kuma tutar Rasha, ya bayyana a daki-daki, a farko labarin na sama kundin tsarin dokokin. Mamallaki aka wakilta wani ja heraldic alama quadrangular garkuwa, da ƙananan gefuna da wanda ake taso keya, da kuma cibiyar aka nuna downward. A garkuwa nuna wani zinariya biyu-gangarawa mikiya yada da fuka-fuki. Kowace daga kansa aka lashe tare da karamin kambi, kuma daga samansu akwai manyan kambi, a hade tare da karami makada. Regal Rasha mikiya yana da sandan da kuma iko. Garkuwa a kan kirji da aka yi wa ado da azurfa doki (Georgiya Pobedonostsa), spearing wani dragon doki tattake.

Rasha flag wakilta rectangular zane (rabo na tsawo to nisa rabo - biyu zuwa uku), kunshi uku a kwance makada na daidaita size. Su domin (launi): fari, blue, ja.

A tsari na amfani da alama kuma tutar Rasha

Dokokin ƙa'ida ma'anar da ikon yinsa, daga cikin yin amfani da alama da tutar kasar Rasha. Suna sanya a kan mafi girman jihar dalĩli gine-gine: mazaunin Shugaban Rasha Federation, Federation Council, Jihar Duma, da kotunan - tsarin mulki, Babbar, Babbar kararrakin. Rasha gashi na makamai da kuma tutar ne ma a yi amfani da mai fadi da cibiyar sadarwa na jama'a cibiyoyin cikin Rasha, ciki har da jami'an tsaro. A jama'a holidays da hakkin ya yi ado da gidãjensu da flags da kuma ba da mutanen da na Rasha.

Uku Rasha jihar alamomin (flag, take) ne wani nau'i ne na triad kafa ta ƙarshen XIX karni. A mafi nisa-kai tarihi shi ne ake kira da aiwatar da samar da Dagin. Hakika, Rasha symbolism an halitta a daban-daban sau, kowanne daga abin da ya bar ta mark. Saboda haka, alama da abubuwa na mu gashi na makamai faru a zamanin da (kamar yadda za mu bayyana daga baya). Zaka kuma iya magana game da tsohon Rasha m aiwatar da samar da National Flag, wanda ya faru a tsakiyar zamanai. Spontaneously tsakanin wani launuka iri-iri a zabi wadanda wanda ya yi shaida da membobinsu na Rasha, na jam'i na hoto abubuwa neman fitar da waɗanda suka yi "jingina zuwa ga kurwa" da Rasha mutane.

Heraldic biyu-gangarawa mikiya, wanda aiki a matsayin tushen ga halittarsa, ya bayyana a tsakiyar zamanai.

Biyu-gangarawa mikiya. Rasha gashi na makamai - da samfurin na wani tsoho kabila

Ina muka tashi biyu-gangarawa gaggafa, wadda ta samo asali ne alama na Rasha? Abin da ya aikata ya? Amsar wadannan tambayoyi iya ba, watakila kawai tarihi. Wani hadisin daga Plato tafi, wai muhimmi a Atlanta, aboki fuka-fuki tare da Allahntakar. Eagle da yawa tsoho kabilun da aka fassara a matsayin wata alama ce rashin mutuwa, karfi ko tsoron. The biyu-gangarawa mikiya alama ce da biyu da hikima, masanin abu duka, alheri.

A ra'ayin na samar da wata alama a cikin nau'i na waccan mujalla da muka tsuntsaye samo asali a Asiya, domin 2-3 shekara dubu BC. e. By da XIII karni BC. e. Sun hada da biyu-gangarawa mikiya, halitta da Hittiyawa.

Biyu-gangarawa mikiya a zamanin d Rus '

A 1472, bayan da sarauta aure Ivan III tare da 'yar da na karshe Byzantine sarki Constantine Paleologos XII, Sofiey Paleolog, Rasha sarki yana da hakkin ya yi amfani da biyu-gangarawa lashe mikiya a matsayin Generic logo. A gaskiya ma, Moscow monarchical ikon zama magaji ga shugaban na Orthodox Gabas, da Byzantine sarki.

Tun daga nan, biyu-gangarawa mikiya bayyana a kan sarki na Rasha Tsar, NUNA da mafi jihar dalĩli.

Ya yanzu haifa kadan kama zuwa zamani Rasha gashi na makamai: da fuka-fuki an tsallake, da gashinsa ake fluffed kuma beaks rufe garkuwa mikiya samarwar. Bayan saki daga Tatar karkiya, a lokacin da John King III, mikiya fuka-fuki tãyar da su. Gashi na makamai adorns jama'a gine-gine.

Bayan da canja wurin da ikon wa ɗansa, Vasily III na, mikiya beaks bude. Wannan kananan daki-daki ake dangantawa da cewa Rasha ta canji a cikin wani cibiyar na Orthodoxy da kuma ci gaban da ta ikon jihar. A XIV karni, a zamanin mulkin Ivan IV da Munin (dansa Vasily III), duka biyu Rasha hali - da biyu-gangarawa mikiya da kuma wani doki karin wani dragon - karshe sõyayya. Georgiya Pobedonostsa bayyana gaban shiga cikin Rasha Astrakhan da Kazan mulkoki da Siberia.

Kamar yadda ka gani, heraldry tasowa sannu a hankali, a kan ƙarni, a zahiri zanen wani Jihar alama na Rasha. Tare da zuwan su ikon Mihaila Fedorovicha Romanova (1613), wanda alama da tabbatar da zaman lafiya da wadata, akwai wani na uku kambi - wata alama ce da Triniti Mai Tsarki. Heraldic mikiya fuka-fuki fãta shimfiɗaɗɗa da kyau. A bayani na karshen: Rasha mulkin ya united jihar jam'iyya.

Alexei Mikhailovich a 1667 legitimizes data kasance kasa alama. Tare da shi a cikin clutches daga gidan sarauta, tsuntsaye bayyana sandan da kuma sarari suKe, NUNA cikakkar sanarwa a Rasha monarchical na'urar.

Daga Bitrus I zuwa Nicholas I

Tun 1682 Rasha dokoki da kuma wani sosai aiki mutum, mai girma kawo canji da kuma autocrat na Petr Veliky. Lokacin da ta gangarawa mikiya jũya daga zinariya zuwa baki (wanda yayi dace da dokokin heraldry). 22 ga watan Oktoba, 1721 Bitrus I dauki da lakabi na Sarkin sarakuna (kafin ta Rasha aka mulki da sarakuna). Wannan yana da wani tasiri a kan gashi na makamai: kambi na sarki karfe (maimakon sarki). Tura mikiya fuka-fuki ado da garkuwoyi da makamai na Sarakuna da kuma Grand Duchy. Peter na gama uku rawanin Andreev blue kintinkiri.

A takaice sarautar Paul na (daga 1796 zuwa 1901.) Kuma dã a manyan gashi na makamai na Rasha (photo a haɗe). Sarkin sarakuna lashe sarauta tsuntsu Order of Malta, amma wannan canji ba sanda. Ba amince da kokarin da Alexander I santsi da gashinsa, asymmetrically tilted kai, maye gurbin sandan da kuma sarari suKe da walƙiya Perun.

Koma da gashi na makamai classic siffofin saka Peter girma, m da kuma iko Sarkin sarakuna Nicholas I. Rasha Gashi na makamai (hoto da aka nuna a kasa) sake zama laconic kuma m heraldic tabbatar. Black biyu-gangarawa tsuntsu da fukafukinsa tura samu classic siffofin.

Komawa da baya daga jihar heraldry

Rushewar daular da kuma dukan zamantakewa tsarin ne regressive tasiri a kan jihar heraldry. A kokarin da ta wucin gwamnatin zuwa naƙasta wa biyu-gangarawa mikiya insignia monarsheskih kasa. Sai Bolsheviks maye gurbin da tarihi Rasha gashi na makamai a kan kansa, ba-kasa. Tarihi ba Ya gãfarta a irin wannan 'yancin walwala, da kuma 83 years daga baya, yana sanya rikodin mike i ... Muna magana ne game da dawowar tarihi jihar alamu na sama shugaban kasa dokoki da tsarin mulki shari'a. Kasa mu tattauna abin da har yanzu yana nufin mikiya a kan gashi na makamai na Rasha.

Wasu fasaloli na yanzu gashi na makamai na Rasha

Menene zamani Jihar alama na Rasha daga mahangar heraldry? A zamani fassarar da biyu-gangarawa: dayantaka na conservatism da kuma ci gaba. M tsarin da fuka-fukai: 12 gashinsa a kan kowane daga cikinsu gani mai tsarki jam'iyya da kuma daidaito na Tarayya. 3 layuka na alkalama farin alheri, gaskiya da kyakkyawa. Red garkuwa ake dangantawa da ƙarfin hali, heroism, Rasha da tarihin al'adu, da zinariya mikiya launi - da mutunci, daukaka da kuma har abada. Sandan wata alama ce daga mulki, kuma ikon - ikon da mutunci. Uku rawanin yanzu fassara a cikin wani wadanda mutane hankali, kamar yadda wani hadin kai na 'yan majalisu, zartarwa da kuma na shari'a iko.

Saboda haka ne ya, tsoho da kuma na zamani, da m gashi na makamai na Rasha, cikakke a ciki da kuma zurfin da aiwatuwa a shi wata alama ce da tarihin al'adu na babban iko.

Mun kuma bayar da shawarar kula da wasu ban sha'awa bayani na gashi na makamai. Da fari dai, a kan sandan, compressible dama dungu na mikiya: shi ne kuma gaggafa clutching guda sandan, da dai sauransu Af, yanzu gashi na makamai karya da heraldic canons: .. A cewar shi, cafe Pobedonosets yana da ya hau doki ba dama, da kuma a gefen hagu.

Modern tsabar kudi zahiri da gashi na makamai na gwamnatin wucin (daular mulkinsu ba tare da sifofi), maimakon na yanzu gashi na makamai na Rasha.

Rasha launi Banners, da samfur na National Flag

Abin lura shi ne cewa a tsakiyar zamanai, a lokacin da Rasha al'umma da aka kafa, guda flag bai wanzu ba, amma akwai daban-daban Banners. Abin lura tarihi Rasha hadisin: Banners riga amfani da launi Rasha flag. "Kwanta" da aka watsa shirye-shirye a kan Rasha ja Banners embroidered da images of tsarkaka. Red Banners aka lashe squads Veschego Olega storming zuciya na Byzantine Empire - Konstantinoful, kuma squads na Prince Svyatoslav, wanda aka ci Khazars.

A karo na farko shi ne mai ja flag da fuskar Yesu Almasihu Yã sanya sõyayya a Rasha, da yadi mai girma sojojin karkashin jagorancin Dmitry Donskoy a kan Kulikovo filin. A karkashin ja banner da siffar Arhangela Mihaila tashe tawaye Dmitry Pozharsky. White, blue da kuma ja da launuka kasance halarce a "babban banner na" Ivana Groznogo. A karkashin fari-blue abu yanar gizo nasara Siberia Ermak.

Kawai a cikin XVII karni tutar da aka halitta, wanda aka qawata da gashi na makamai na Rasha. Menene wannan juyin halitta? A hankali a hankali ganin na tarihi manufa na Rasha mutanen jihar tasa.

Mahaliccin Rasha flag - Bitrus I

An gratifying cewa har zuwa yanzu a cikin St. Petersburg Museum na Navy riƙe da farko Rasha Jihar flag Flying kan birnin 08/06/1693 dvennadtsatipushechnoy yacht "Petr Veliky", a cikin abin da sarki ya yi tafiya a cikin White Sea. Da nisa daga wannan tuta - 4.6 m, tsawon - 4.3 m.

Ta yaya wannan misali? A kan Hauwa'u na wani sarki kawai karai m tambaya Dutch m Butler, wanda ya jagoranci gina waccan mujalla da muka jirgin ruwan. Ya tambaye (da kuma basira ta fama), ƙaddamar da jirgin a cikin ruwa, game da abin da sarki deigns tada flag. "Kuma ka yi abin da?" - a fili, ya ce wa kansa, Peter I. Kuma Butler tambaye game da Dutch flag. Ya yarda gaya game da kasa tri-band ja, da fari da kuma shudi banner.

Peter tunanin idan na, abin da ya zama na kasa flag na Rasha, kafin wannan hira? Da kyar. Tambaya Dutchman busa a cikin lokaci. Mamallaki guda kerawa ba su zauna. Sai ya ji ba kawai canza tsari na ratsi na flag (fari, blue, ja), amma kuma ya sa a kan shi da gashi na makamai - zinariya biyu-gangarawa mikiya. Saboda haka akwai guda banner ga dukan Rasha jiragen ruwa.

A Jihar ta ma'aikata ya tabbatar da cewa a shekara bayan na farko da gabatar, a 1664, ya kasance a cikin umurnin na Sarkin sarakuna Bitrus I an tashe a kan saya daga Dutch 44-gun jirgin ruwa mai filafilai "mai tsarki annabci." A 1696, da Rasha kwale rundunar takara a kewaye da Turkiyya sansanin soja na Azov, kuma sarrafa karkashin tricolor flag (as gani da engraving Shhonebek "Ɗauki na Azov"). Akwai daban-daban handwritten umarnin Petra Velikogo, ta nuna cewa, tricolor flag da aka gabatar a cikin Navy sarki tsakiya da kuma systemically.

Duk da haka, bayan shekara ashirin da biyar a cikin Navy ya aka maye gurbinsu da St. Andrew ta flag (paradoxical kamar yadda da shi shi ne ra'ayin Petra Velikogo). Duk da haka, da tricolor banner na da ra'ayin ma ya tabbatar da mai yiwuwa, ya na son mutane. A 1806, da saba launuka farfado a kan tutar da Rasha-American Trading Company, suka kuma hukumance amfani da {aramin na Rasha. Ƙoƙari, m lokacin da Tsar Alexander II na, a zabi fari, da rawaya da baki launuka na mutane ba su dauki ga flag na Rasha. Sarkin sarakuna Alexander III na, wani binciken kimantawa da hukumar K. N. Poseta, sanya mai hikima yi - ya halatta ga flag da Bitrus da ciwon da karni biyu, a matsayin Rasha State.

Ka lura da cewa ko da a yau babu wani aikin hukuma bayani, wanda ke nufin da Rasha flag. Ina so cewa akwai irin wannan wani fassarar.

Na wasa fassarar flag launuka

A bisa ga al'ada heraldic fassarar launuka kamar haka: fari dage domin gaskiya, da kuma karimci. blue - kirki, biyayya, gaskiya. ja - sabis, karimci, ƙarfin hali.

A Tsarist Rasha da shi da aka yi imani da cewa launi fari ne wata alama ce da Orthodox bangaskiya, blue - sarauta da iko, ja - Rasha mutane. Wannan corresponded zuwa declarative manufa na murhunniyar tsarin da Rasha jihar: autocracy, orthodoxy, kabila.

A halin yanzu, akwai da dama fassarori: dayantaka na majalisu, zartarwa da kuma na ~ angaren shari'a. hadin kai na baya, yanzu da kuma nan gaba.

flag shawarar domin ta masana'antu

Dukanmu mun san abin da ya kama wani zamani Rasha flag (photo na wannan kashi na jihar alamomin, ya zama saba wa duk ba tare da togiya). Amma me ya sa amfani kawai da irin wannan sautin? Mun ce a lokaci daya da cewa dokokin baya saka zabin da tabarau na fari, blue da kuma ja da launuka. Duk da haka, suna gyarawa da Gost R 51130-98. A cewar shi, kowane launi dole dace da inuwa, wanda aka nuna a uku daban-daban na kasa da kasa da tsarin (yana nufin Pantone, RGB, HTML) kamar haka:

• White (White; 255-255-255; #FFFFFF).
• Blue (286C. 0-57-166. # 0039A6).
• ja (485C. 213-43-30. # D52B1E).

Wannan launi makirci jaddada kyau da girman da Rasha flag.

ƙarshe

The gashi na makamai da kuma tutar Rasha rufe da zuciya na Russia ke gaske alfahari da tarihi na mahaifarsa. Mamallaki wadannan alamomin da za a iya gani ba kawai a hukumomin gwamnati da kuma a cikin ofisoshin jami'an.

Rasha gashi na makamai da kuma tutar gane da mayalwaci armashi a cikin zamani duniya. Sun gudanar da wani babban cajin na kishin kasa da kuma girman kai a bayyana da yawa daga cikin kasar da kuma da iko. Fiye da ɗari huɗu da hamsin da shekaru, sun adana da kuma hada mai girma da iko.