Rashin aikin yi da kuma Okun ta Law

Rashin aikin yi da ke rashin aikin yi ya tilasta aiki, tasowa a sakamakon kullum daidaitaccen ma'auni tsakanin wadata da kuma bukatar da a kan aiki kasuwa. Yana za a iya gano irin wannan ci gaba da ra'ayoyi, kamar yadda wani son rai (frictional), tsarin, cyclical, fasaha, yanayi, da kuma sauran boye.

Saboda daban-daban dalilai, matakin hukuma yawan marasa aikin yi ba ko da yaushe hali, domin boye rashin aikin yi (a cikin wannan category kuma sun hada da 'yan kyauyen daga overpopulated yankuna) a kan sikelin nisa mafi girma fiye da dukan sauran jinsunan. A lokaci guda,} ididdigar ba la'akari a cikin yawan marasa aikin yi 'yan asalin wanda tsaya neman aiki (ba samun rajista a aiki musayar), kazalika da waɗanda ba su son aiki (irin wadannan mutane game da 1-2 miliyan a cikin manyan kasashe na ci gaba kasuwar ). Wadannan mutane kawai ba su wanzu ga hukuma statistics. Duk wannan yana rinjayar da gwaji rashin faɗi na rashin aikin yi.

Da muhimmancin da lissafi na yawan marasa aikin yi. Wannan adadin da aka kiyasta a ƙayyade yawan rasa zuwa kasa tattalin arzikin Domestic samfur dangane da shi. Domin tattalin arziki, Okun da dokar ta nuna da backlog na ainihin GDP daga m darajar.

American masanin kimiyya A. Oukenu kasa tabbatar da wanzuwar zumunci tsakanin girma daga cikin jimlar samfurin da kuma rashin aikin yi. Wannan dangantaka zama da aka sani Okun ta dokar. A cewar wannan doka, da ikon yinsa, na kasa samfurin ne inversely na gwargwado ga yawan marasa aikin yi a kasar. Tare da ci gaban da rashin aikin yi da 1% tamanin da real GDP an rage zuwa akalla 2%. Tun lokacin da na halitta rashin aikin yi ne makawa kuma shi ne m, domin lissafi na backlog kasa samfurin girma ne kawai la'akari da matsanancin rashin aikin yi. Wannan karshen view, ta hanyar, a yau ne na hali na karin tasowa,

Don tantance matakin da na halitta rashin aikin yi a karɓa dauki wani darajar daidaita 6% na jimlar yawan iya-bodied mutane. A baya can, game 30-35 shekaru da suka wuce, ya aka ƙaddara 3%, wanda ya nuna cewa aiki motsi ya karu (wannan take kaiwa zuwa wani karuwa a son rai da rashin aikin yi) da kuma NTP kudi ya karu (magana ta ƙãra tsarin rashin aikin yi). A zamaninmu, jimlar yawan marasa aikin yi ne yawanci ya fi na halitta kudi, wadda bisa ga Okun ta Law, abu zuwa asarar GDP na kasar kasuwar.

A lokaci guda, Okun ta Dokar nuna wani kishiya dangantaka. A gist na shi ne cewa, batun shekara-shekara karuwa a cikin kasa samfurin da akalla 2.7% na yawan marasa aikin yi zai zama guda, kuma ba za su wuce halitta dabi'u. Saboda haka, idan macroeconomic sigogi ba zai iya shawo kan uku da kashi shãmaki, da yawan marasa aikin yi a kasar da aka girma.

Ya kamata a lura cewa Okun ta Dokar ba m mulki, wanda lalle ne, haƙĩƙa aka yi a karkashin wani yanayi. Ã'a, shĩ ne a Trend cewa yana da ga kowace kasa da kuma lokaci gazawa.

Tashin marasa aikin yi yana da wadannan mummunan sakamakon: akwai underutilization, ragewar darajar kuɗi na da aiki m kasar, da ingancin rayuwa ne a tsanani, da kara matsa lamba a kan darajar lada, da kara jama'a ciyarwa a kan canji na aiki da shawara ko fi sana'a matsayi, da yawan laifukan.

Babban dalilai shafi da yawan marasa aikin yi, su ne kamar haka:

- kungiya da kuma tattalin arziki - Jihar kasuwa kayayyakin more rayuwa, aikin likita, da canza kungiya da kuma shari'a siffofin kungiyoyi da kamfanoni, da kamfanonin, tsarin canje-canje a cikin tattalin arzikin.

- Tattalin - kumbura, kuma farashin, da kudi na jari, da jihar da zuba jari aiki, kudi da kuma bashi tsarin, da kuma kasa samarwa.

- fasaha da tattalin arziki - NTP taki, da rabo daga wadata da kuma bukatar a daban-daban sassa na aiki kasuwa, tsarin canje-canje a cikin tattalin arzikin.

- alƙaluma - haihuwa, mace-mace, shekaru da kuma jima'i tsarin da jama'ar, rayuwa Hasashen, kwatance da kuma kundin na hijirarsa gudana.