Shuka "guduma da lauje." Shuka "guduma da lauje", Moscow

Metallurgy kusan ko da yaushe kasance kashin bayan kasar mu, ya idar da bukata sosai-da albarkatun kasa domin samar da kayan aiki ga kasa tattalin arziki, kimiyya da kuma soja. Hakika, ta raya kasa ya wuce ta hanyar da yawa wuya, saukarwa, shi duka fara a wani wajen duhu sau ...

Daya daga cikin mafi bayyanar wakilan da karfe masana'antu ne da shuka "guduma da lauje."

Ta yaya shi duka ya fara

A 1883, an enterprising kasuwa Goujon gina karamin company, sadaukar da Moscow steelmaking. Shekara bakwai daga baya ya fara aiki da farko bude-hearth makera, da man fetur ga wanda a wancan lokaci aiki a matsayin man fetur da man fetur. A 1913, an narkar da kusan 90 dubu ton na karfe, wanda yana da bakwai Tanderu aka aiki a lokacin. A factory, yafi tsunduma a cikin saki ne ba ma high quality-karfe, rivets, sukurori da waya.

bayan juyin juya halin Musulunci

A 1918 kamfanin da aka nationalized. A shuka, wanda aka kusan rasa duk Ƙwararren ma'aikaci ne, samu wani nauyi sosai gado ne. Idan aka kwatanta da 1913, fitarwa fadi nan da nan ta 50 sau. A 1921, da post na darektan kamfanin da aka nada IR Burdachev, wanda karshe aiki a matsayin metalworker kansa. Sun fi mayar da godiya zuwa gare shi, da samar aka cikakken mayar da sabunta hanyoyin.

A wannan shekara akwai da shuka "guduma da lauje." By 1925, ya zama darektan P. F. Stepanov, wanda ta 1928 shi ne har yanzu iya kawo adadin karfe samar da matakin na 1913. By 1931, da ma'aikata ya zama daya daga cikin manyan kamfanonin na Association "Steels", wanda ya samar da kasar da high quality-raw kayan for samar.

Martial doka

Tun shekara ta 1938, da samar aka karkashin jagorancin G. M. Ilin. Yana da da sunan wani talented shugaban ne saboda wani kaifi karuwa a cikin adadin karfe samar. Tuni a cikin shekara ta 1939 ya aka bayar da Order of Lenin, cewa ya ciyo lambar yabo manyan kudi da kuma fitarwa a lokacin wadanda shekaru.

A lokacin yakin, da samar da ba su daina domin a minti. Duk da cewa da ma'aikata na kamfanin sun ba batun shigar da kara a gaban, ma'aikata ne har yanzu bar zuwa yãƙi invaders daruruwan talented steelmakers da metallurgists. Dukan nauyin da aikin fadi a kan kafadu da matasa da ma'aikata da mata. Kamar yadda za a iya gani daga rahotanni daga waɗanda shekara, da shuka "guduma da lauje" taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen fatattakar abokan gaba.

Amma shi da aka bai wa ma'aikata da wuya: a archives na waɗanda shekara mai yawa bayanai game da yadda za a steelmakers kawai ya fadi a cikin sõmamme yunwa a kusa da Tanderu. Daya iya kawai mamaki da ƙarfin hali: wannan aiki ne m, ko da jiki karfi maza, su ce kome ba daga rabin-starved matasa!

da postwar lokaci

Duk da nauyi halakar da yaki, bayan da yaki, kamfanin hanzari kara da kudi na samar, samar da sababbin hanyoyi na smelting na bakin karfe. Saboda haka, tuni a shekarar 1949 da ma'aikata tawagar lashe Jihar Prize domin samun fasahar yin amfani da oxygen a matsayin karfe smelting a bude-hearth Tanderu. Ba da da ewa, wannan tsari da aka yi amfani da ko'ina ba kawai a cikin gida masana'antu, amma kuma a kasashen waje masana'antu.

Bugu da kari, a shekara daga baya a irin wannan lambar yabo da aka bai wa steelmakers, wanda sun gudanar da cika fuska rage lokaci ciyar a kan karfe smelting. A gagarumin karuwa a samar da quality na al'ada aka kai a game da wannan lokaci kamar yadda makera aka canjawa wuri daga man fetur zuwa gas. Daga shekarar 1945 zuwa shekarar 1971, yawan samar birgima ninki biyu.

New fasaha na smelting

Tun shekarar 1963, fassarar da shirin ya fara da total samar da wutar lantarki. Saboda haka, shi ne electroslag narkewa fasahar (ESHL) da aka halitta da kuma kyautata a cikin wadannan shekaru. Tuni a shekarar 1978 cikin gida kwakwalwa da aka gabatar a cikin samarwa.

Tare da duk wadannan ayyukan, kawai shekaru biyar nuna high quality-bakin karfe da aka ƙãra nan da nan ta 21%. Duk da cewa a shekarar 1973 da za'ayi wani m sake fasalin kudin da shuka, karfe samarwa bai daina for guda daga yini. Sai kawai na karshe a Turai, bude-hearth makera aka tsaya a 1976: m karfe smelting aka ci gaba a wata yawa karin ci-gaba da fasaha.

Duk lokacin da za a zo, har da rushewar Tarayyar Soviet, da yawan samar raw kayan ci gaba da ƙaruwa. Girma da bukatun na noma da kuma sojojin, wata babbar adadin karfe ake bukata ga m buildup na sojan ruwa ikon fadin kasar da aka gina hydro da makamashin nukiliya, wanda kuma domin gina karfe ake bukata a cikin manyan yawa.

Mafi yawa daga cikin bukatun na Turai bangare na kasar bayar da sunan Moscow shuka "guduma da lauje."

90 shekaru

Kamar mutane da yawa da kamfanoni a cikin kasar, an alama ta tsanani canje-canje a kasar ta rayuwa. Yawan jihar umarni ragu zuwa sifili, radadin jihar shi ya zama batun. A shekarar 1990, samar aka kusan tsaya gaba daya.

Up har 2000s, da shuka "guduma da lauje" da aka tsunduma a lokaci-lokaci saki da samfurin, wanda sau da yawa yana da wani dangane da babban profile na sha'anin.

sabon lokaci

A lokacin da a farkon 2000s ta hanyar kusan watsi factory fara ja Uku Zobe Road, akwai mutane da dama da bada shawarwari a kan mafi alamar ayyukan ci gaba. Kamar yadda ya saba, da dama, na ma'aikatun tsakãninsu a rashin daidaito, amma sai ya kasa zuwa yarda saboda.

By 2007, an gudanar da duk da haka da cewa wata babbar watsi da ƙasa "guduma da lauje" factory za a yi amfani da su gina wata cibiyar kasuwanci.

By Disamba da tsare-tsaren da ya canja wani bit: an shirya ya kai da gina ba kawai shagunan, amma kuma da kasuwanci da kuma zama dukiya. Shi ba a san dalilin da ya sa, amma sai aka ba gina for 2012 ba shi da tushe. Independent kafofin bayar da shawarar cewa al'amarin 52% gungumen azaba, a cikin shuka, mallakar gwamnatin yankin, da kuma saboda ginin yarda kafin su sami juya waje, ba haka sauki.

inganta harkokin ci gaban

A abin da zai zama da ƙasa inda yanzu tsaye da shuka "guduma da lauje"? Moscow yi imanin cewa, a wannan lokaci da sabon kasuwanci gundumomi kamata faruwa. Bugu da kari, yana yiwuwa a yi nisha cibiyoyin, ruwa shakatawa da sauran kayan more rayuwa.

Abin baƙin ciki, to date babu wani ambato cewa "guduma da lauje" Metallurgical Shuka, wanda ya samar da a kwanan nan baya, da bukatun da jihar a high-sa karfe, za a iya restarted. Duk da haka, da yawa 'yan siyasa da kuma muhalli da kungiyoyin ce cewa shi ne gaba daya wajaba: da babbar adadin m watsi a cikin yanayi, da kuma ko da a tsakiyar wani densely lugar birni, mazauna lafiya mai kyau ne a fili ba kara da cewa.

Bugu da kari, da ya dace da commissioning na babban karfe shuka, wanda shi ne abu na dabarun muhimmancin, ba da nisa daga yammacin kan iyakoki, shi ne ma a cikin shakka. Kwararru da yawa sun yarda cewa shi zai zama mafi alhẽri a sanya shi a kan ƙasa na Siberia.

sauran kamfanoni

Ina kuma yana da "guduma da lauje" factory? Saratov yana da guda sunan kamar yadda kamfanin, wanda kuma ya tsunduma a cikin smelting na karfe. Ba kamar da Moscow "abokan aiki" a cikin kamfanin halin yanzu tsunduma a aikinsu profile. Samar ta duniya maimaitawa da kuma na zamani.

A shuka yana da wannan sunan kamar yadda a Kazan. An tsunduma a samar da kayayyakin ga aikin injiniya da kuma masana'antu kayan aiki shawara.