Socialization na mutum - ta yi nasara gabatarwar zuwa jama'a

Matsaloli na socialization cikin sharuddan kimiyya suna daga cikin manyan. Fahimtar jigon abubuwa, mutane hulda tsarin a cikin al'umma ba zai yiwu ba ba tare da m kima da kuma fahimtar da karfafawar da ayyuka na kowane mutum. A wannan batun, da socialization daga cikin mutum - shi ne tushe, da fahimtar wadda take kaiwa zuwa wani fahimtar jama'a a matsayin dukan ko wani rukuni.

A kimiyya da cewa karatu jama'a da mutum hali ta neman amsa daban-daban tambayoyi da gabatar da shaidar da dama a cikin data kasance zamantakewa tsakaninsu. Saboda haka, nazarin hali a cikin data kasance zamantakewa dangantakar kamata amsa tambayoyi game da cigaban dan Adam a cikin muhalli, a matsayin wanda ya bautar, ya da hannu a daya ko wani rukunin, kazalika da hasashe na wasu al'adunsu da kuma sabawa daga gare su.

An sani cewa jariri shiga duniya kamar yadda wani nazarin halittu kwayoyin. Manufar baby ne jiki ta'aziyya. Bayan wani lokaci yaron da aka kafa sa na dabi'u da halaye dauke da antipathy da juyayi, nufi, a raga, nauyi da kuma hali alamu. A daidai wannan lokaci, kowane mutum ana baiwa da nasa musamman hangen nesa daga cikin duniya. Irin wannan mutum ya kai jihar a ƙarƙashin rinjayar al'umma. Socialization - aiwatar da wadda wani mutum internalizes da kungiyar na kullum, a karkashin abin da aka located. A wannan yanayin, da assimilation na bayanai ne da za'ayi a cikin irin wannan hanyar da kansa "I" mutumin ne da hanyoyi na bayyana hali a cikin assimilation na zamantakewa norms, dokoki na gudanarwa da kuma dabi'u da suke da zama dole ga wani mutum da ya yi nasara ayyuka a cikin al'umma.

Socialization na mutum - a sabon abu da yake rufe dukkan yankunan ta hanyar abin da gabatarwar da al'adu, ilimi, da horo. Ta hanyar wadannan yankunan wani mutum yakan mallaki jama'a yanayi da tasowa da damar su ta shiga cikin rayuwar al'umma. Socialization na mutum - a sabon abu wanda ya shafi mutanen da ke kewaye da mutum: makwabta, iyali, takwarorina, makaranta da sauransu.

Nasara gabatarwar ga jama'a Mayu, bisa ga Smelser, a ƙarƙashin rinjayar uku dalilai: da canji na hali, da tsammanin, burin jama'ar zuwa matching tsammanin. Socialization na mutum - a cikin wannan harka, shi ne wani sabon abu, wanda ya hada da matakai uku:

1. A mataki a wadda yara koyi da manya da kwafe da hali.
2. Caca mataki. A wannan mataki, akwai wayar da kan jama'a na yara hali kamar yadda rawar yi.
3. Stage na rawar-Playing games. A wannan mataki, yara za a fara fahimtar abin da ya sa ran daga kungiyar.

Freud ya kasance daya daga cikin na farko gano aka gyara na da socialization na yara. Bisa ga ka'idar, hali kunshi uku aka gyara. Na farko shi ne "id". Yana da wani tushen samar da makamashi, wanda aka kara kuzari da sha'awar da yardarSa. A bz'yu aka dauke su da "son kai". Wannan bangaren na samar da halin kirki da iko da mutum, dangane da manufa na gaskiya. The uku bangaren, da halin kirki da kimantawa ne "superego."

Freud ne socialization aiwatar da tura mutum m Properties. A sakamakon haka, samuwar kuma karfafa ne da za'ayi na sama uku aka gyara.

Piaget, Faransa psychologist, shan la'akari da ra'ayin na zama na matakai daban-daban na samuwar da mutum, yana biya na musamman da hankali ga ci gaban da fahimi Tsarin daga cikin mutum, kazalika da m canje-canje a cikin daidai da kwarewa da kuma zamantakewa hulda.

A cewar da yawa Psychologists da sociologists, da socialization tsari ne da za'ayi a cikin wani mutum rayuwa. A daidai wannan lokaci, da yawa marubuta gardamar cewa, gabatarwa ne ga al'umma a yara da kuma manya yana da muhimmanci bambance-bambance.