Solzhenitsyna Natalya Dmitrievna: A Biography, na sirri rayuwa

Solzhenitsyna Natalya Dmitrievna ne edita da kuma tarawa na da cikakken ayyuka (30 kundin), rubuta da ta shahara miji, cewa tafi daga shekara ta 2007. Ta - Rasha jama'a adadi, memba na kwamitin amintattu na Asusun, "da Free hali" da kuma Kwamitin Amintattu na Tarurrukan Solovetsky sufi. Ba minti daya ba a zaune rago, ba Allaha a kan laurels mijinta ta samu nasara da kuma har yanzu ya ci gaba da aikin Solzhenitsyna Natalya Dmitrievna. Solzhenitsyn Asusun ba ba tare da ta babban hannu da aka kafa a shekarar 1974 a Zurich, a shekarar 1992, sai aka canjawa wuri zuwa Moscow. Game da shi, za mu iya cewa wannan ne mai matukar kyau, sadaukar da wuya-aiki mace wanda ya zama wani mataimaki da hannun dama DiSSiDENT marubuci Aleksandra Isaevicha.

Solzhenitsyna Natalya Dmitrievna: A Biography

Svetlov ta na farko sunan, aka haife ta ranar 22 Yuli, 1939, a Moscow. Mahaifinta ya Dmitri Ivanovich Velikogorodny (1904-1941 g). Ya kasance mai 'yan qasar na Stavropol manoma da aka haife shi a kauyen Malaya Dzhalga. Sa'an nan, ya yi karatu a Moscow Cibiyar Red furofesoshi a kan wallafe-wallafen sashen na postgraduate binciken. A 1941 ya ya bace kusa Smolensk. Solzhenitsyn mahaifiyar Catherine Ferdinandovna Svetlov (1919-2008 g), aka haife ta a birnin Moscow da kuma sauke karatu daga Moscow sufurin jiragen sama Cibiyar.

Kakan Natali Dmitrievny Svetlov Ferdinand Yurevich (1884-1943 g) ya memba na Socialist Revolutionary Party, sa'an nan ya yi aiki a cikin jaridar "Izvestia". Domin rabin shekara kafin aka haife ta, sai ta aka kama shi kuma daga baya ya mutu a Gulag.

Uban rana D. K. Zhak (1903-1973 g) tun 1949 ya kasance a kan ilimin lissafi da kuma tattalin arziki, ya kasance marubucin dama articles a kan ilimin kididdiga lissafin kudi. Aninsa - Rasha da kuma Soviet mawãƙi Veniamin Zhak.

Ilimi da kuma aiki

Solzhenitsyna Natalya Dmitrievna sauke karatu daga Moscow Jami'ar Jihar, makanikai da kuma lissafi Faculty. Bayan digiri na biyu makaranta zauna aiki a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje na ilmin lissafi statistics.

Ta farko mijinta ya Andrei Nikolaevich Tyurin, sanannen Soviet da kuma Rasha lissafi, da wanda Natali Dmitrievny yana da ɗa, Dmitri (1962-1994 g) na shi ne a yanzu girma jikanyar.

Ganawa da Solzhenitsyn

A watan Agusta 1968, Natalia gana da Solzhenitsyn. Kuma tun da ta zama wa magatakarda, edita da kuma mataimakin a dukan harkokin, kuma mafi muhimmanci - uwar uku ban mamaki da 'ya'ya maza Ermolai (1970), Ignatius (1972), Stepan (1973). Official aure sun bayar a shekarar 1973.

Solzhenitsyna Natalya Dmitrievna bar tare da yara hudu daga Tarayyar Soviet da West bayan mijinta. A shekarar 1976 da iyali da aka hana na dan kasa na Tarayyar Soviet, wanda aka gano da yawa daga baya - a shekarar 1990. Kawai 4 Bayan shekaru, mafi daidai a shekarar 1994, ta, tare da Aleksandrom Solzhenitsynym da yara koma zuwa Rasha.

A shekarar 2000, Satumba 20, a wani gida a Triniti Lykovo Solzhenitsyn sadu da Shugaba Putin da matarsa Lyudmila.

A shekarar 2009, Putin V. V., sa'ad da yake a matsayin firaministan kasar, ya bayyana kwadayin magana da Solzhenitsyn iyali. A babban batu na tattaunawa shi ne nazarin Solzhenitsyn ta gado a Rasha makarantu.

Alexander Solzhenitsyn

Neman zuwa biography Natali Dmitrievny, ba za mu iya zauna a kan mijinta Alexander Solzhenitsyn, wanda aka haifa a Kislovodsk a 1918, a ranar 11 ga watan Disamba. A wannan lokaci, mahaifinsa ya mutu, kuma a 1924 da iyali tafi Rostov-on-Don. Akwai, a 1941, ya samu karatu a jami'a, bayan karatu da kimiyyar lissafi da kuma ilmin lissafi sashen. Amma nan da nan da yaki ya fara, Solzhenitsyn aka shirya, kuma bayan da jami'in makaranta ya aka aika zuwa yaki. Kafin Mai girma Nasara Solzhenitsyn aka kama domin anti-Stalinist jawabinsa a cikin haruffa cewa ya rubuta wa aboki N. Vitkevich. Alexander Solzhenitsyn yana zaune a Lyubyanskoy da Butyrka kurkuku, ya aka yanke masa hukumcin shekaru 8 a sansani. Biography of Solzhenitsyn ta kawai zai yiwu ba ga takaita a cikin 'yan kalmomi, shi kuwa mai interenaya hali - mu na zamani Dostoevsky, to wanda da yawa daga cikin shubuha ra'ayi kamar yadda yanke bayyana gaskiya a mike a cikin ido.

m hanya

Kwaikwayo na zangon rayuwa a cikin New Urushalima, sa'an nan aikin fursunoni a Moscow sune tushen da ya wallafa aiki "The Jamhuriyar Labor" (1954). A lokacin rani na 1947 ya aka canjawa wuri zuwa Marfinskaya "sharashka", inda ya daga baya zai bayyana da ransa har ya labari "The First Circle". A 1950, Solzhenitsyn ne a cikin Ekibastuz sansanin da kuma daga baya Ya mayar da abubuwan da suka faru a cikin labarin "Wata rana Ivana Denisovicha." A shekarar 1952, ya gano wani cancerous ƙari, kuma shi Canza wurin da aiki cire shi. Tun 1953, Solzhenitsyn ne a kan m gudun hijira a Kazakhstan, Zhambyl yankin, a kauyen Kok-Terek.

A shekarar 1956 ya aka gyara, ya koma Rasha da kuma gudanar da wani yankunan karkara malami a Ryazan. A rayuwa ya bayyana a cikin aikin "Matryona". Bayan Khrushchev ta narke da Solzhenitsyn girma gwagwarmaya sake. The damar aiki da kuma buga kusa a can, a wannan lokaci sai ya rubuta kawai aikin "Zakhar-Kalita". Kawasaki tattauna da labari "Cancer Ward" (1968) bai kawo ake so sakamakon, a buga shi da kuma ba da damar.

A shekarar 1968, ya kammala ya m aiki a kan "The Gulag tarin tsiburai", da kuma bayan na farko da girma a cikin 1974, Aleksandra Isaevicha aka kama, hana dan kasa da kuma tura zuwa Jamus. Daga can, sai ya koma zuwa Switzerland, to Zurich. A shekarar 1975, a Stockholm Aleksandr Isaevich karbi Nobel Prize, kuma a shekarar 1976, bauta a Amurka, Vermont. Ya main aikin zama cikin rubuce-rubuce na almara "Red Wheel".

Bayan rushewar Tarayyar Soviet a shekarar 1994, ya koma kasarsa. Bayan wucewa da dukan ƙasar, daga Moscow zuwa Far East, ya aka rayayye da alaka da zamantakewa da rayuwa a Rasha.

Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn mutu a 3 ga watan Agusta, 2008 a Triniti-bakuna. Jikinsa da aka binne shi a necropolis na Donskoy sufi a Moscow.

A shekarar 1992, Solzhenitsyn da iyalinsa aka harbe mai ban mamaki fim a sassa biyu mai taken "Alexander Solzhenitsyn" Stanislav Govorukhin, da suka ziyarce shi a Vermont.

Ignat

Daya kamata ka manta game da yara na wannan ban mamaki biyu. Solzhenitsyna Natalya Dmitrievna 23 ga watan Satumba, 1972 a birnin Moscow haifi ɗa, Ignat Solzhenitsyn. Yau ya ne - An riga an sanannun American da Rasha pianist, madugar na Philadelphia bẽne, Orchestra (tun 1998).

A farko da karfi ra'ayi sanya a kan shi 5 Shostakovich ta makada, sai ya ji shi, sa'ad da yake ba da shekaru 10. Bayan haka, ya ji karfi so su shiga cikin wani tsanani gargajiya music. Ya fara karatu shi a karkashin shugabanci na Rudolf Serkin. Daga baya ya yi karatu piano a London tare da Marii Kurcho da Gary Graffmana.

Yau ya na zaune a New York, kuma ya taimaka mafi babbar music bukukuwa, ciki har da "Disamba Nights" da "Mstislav Rostropovich". Ignat aka bayar "Avery Fisher."

Game da rayuwar iyali Solzhenitsyn yin fim wani ban mamaki movie kira "Solzhenitsyn. A karshe Iya kai ", inda za ka ga, duka a cikin concert zauren" Meymandi "da music of Mozart da Brahms, da ƙungiyar makaɗa taka a karkashin jagorancin Ignat Solzhenitsyn.

Ermolai

Ne ɗan fari na Natalia Ermolai aka haife shi a shekarar 1970. Ya sauke karatu daga Harvard, ya yi karatu a Princeton digiri na biyu da kuma yanzu aiki a cikin kamfanin na McKinsey, a 1998 - in karafa masana'antu a EMEA (Turai, CIS, Afirka da kuma yankin Gabas ta Tsakiya). Ermolai ne ma shugaban duniya tsara kungiyar domin samar da makamashi da kuma albarkatun kasa kunshe a cikin gwani kungiyar for dabaru da kuma kai kayayyakin more rayuwa. Solzhenitsyn ƙware a ayyukan man fetur da kuma iskar gas, da sufuri, inji gini, ma'adinai da kuma masana'antu metallurgical, da kuma daukan wani aiki sashi a cikin ci gaban birane kayayyakin more rayuwa da shirye-shirye da kuma dukan yankuna.

Stepan

Yau ga shekaru 12, Stepan Solzhenitsyn zaune a Rasha. Kuma sama da dukan, kamar dukan abin da Solzhenitsyn ji Rasha.

Stepan, ma, kamar dan'uwansa Ermolai, ya kammala karatunsa daga Harvard da kuma digiri na biyu makaranta da kuma a yau ne shugaban na Moscow ofishin na McKinsey kamfanin. Ya abar kulawa duk makamashi kansu a Rasha, gami da sa idanu aikin "Rosatom", saboda wannan shi ne kamfanin da alhakin gina makaman nukiliya ikon shuke-shuke a Finland "Hanhikivi".

ƙarshe

Solzhenitsyna Natalya Dmitrievna bayan mutuwar mijinta, ta hanyar da ya wallafa ayyukansa da kuma gudanar da adalci na mutane da kuma taimakawa duk wadanda suka tsira da tsanani sau da wuya sau da suke bukatar taimako da kuma goyon baya.