Mene ne hujja? Jari - wanda shi ne wannan?

Wane ne jari? Kafin mu magance wannan ra'ayi, kana bukatar ka yi wani fahimtar da definition jari-hujja. Da farko, wannan tsari na falsafa monism, wanda ya furta cewa, ainihin abu ne mai abu a cikin yanayi, da kuma cewa duk (ciki har da sani da qwaqwalwa ne qwarai) ne sakamakon jiki interactions. Haka kuma, da jari-hujja - wani mai goyon bayan ra'ayin jari-hujja, ko da magaji.

Relationship tare da sauran falsafa Outlook

Jari-hujja ne da kakkarfan dangankata da physicalism. Wannan falsafa shugabanci ya bayyana a duniya a cikin abin da duk wanda yake na rasa kimiyyar lissafi da kuma ta dokoki. Ilimin falsafa physicalism nisa samo asali daga jari-hujja, saboda ta akidarsu hade tare da jiki sakamakon binciken.

Jari-hujja yana da iyaka ne da ainihin sciences, a cikin gardamarsa akwai kawai sarari-lokaci, ta jiki da makamashi, duhu al'amari, karfi da kuma sauran kowa yana da misali abubuwa. Saboda haka, sauran manufar wadannan trends, zamu iya cewa su ne irin wannan, amma ba su yi amfani da wadannan kalmomi interchangeably.

Akwai biyu main Categories falsafa igiyoyin

Jari - mai bin falsafar duniya, na ga aji na monist ontology, wanda ka'idojin musanta idealism, dualism da kima. Za mu iya amince ce cewa jari-hujja - shi ne mai cikakken inversion na idealism. Jari-hujja samyi da cewa al'amarin yake firamare da kuma sani shi ne na biyu. Kuma duk idealists jayayya daidai gaban.

Duk da manyan yawan mazhabobin da dabara nuances tsakanin manyan Categories falsafa shi ne har yanzu jari-hujja da kuma idealism. Daga wadannan kungiyoyin fãra duk sauran duniya jinsunan cewa saƙa a kusa da babban ideas na jam'iyyar akidarsu.

Akwai kuma wani m falsafar ka'idar - a dualism: da ra'ayin cewa kome da sani ci gaba a layi daya mai zaman kanta da juna lokutta.

The jari masana falsafa

A cikin karni na 19th, Karl Marx da Friedrich Engels sun fadada manufar jari-hujja, ɓullo da wani sabon falsafa shugabanci "harshen jari-hujja" (40th shekara). Duk da haka, ba su yi aiki a irin wannan lokaci. Wannan sunan da aka fara gabatar Iosif Ditsgen a 1887.

Brief jigon koyarwar Marx da Engels ne cewa kafuwar duniya - shi ne al'amarin, da kuma sani - dukiya. Movement da kuma ci gaban duniya, a matsayin harshen jari-hujja, su ne sakamakon m saba wa juna. Niyya dokokin "harshen jari-hujja" (rage tsawon) ne - mutunci da kuma adawa da hamayya da juna, da sublimation na gwada yawa ga ingantaccen canje-canje, dokar "negation of negation."

Irfanin tushen harshen jari-hujja yana dauke da za a kafofin yada bita da ke ƙunshe gabban na Hegel da falsafa rukunan jari-hujja na Feuerbach.

Famous Rasha jari-hujja - shi ne:

• Varfolomey Zaytsev (rayu 1842-1878) - sanannun wallafe-wallafen sukar lamiri da kuma nihilist 60s na 19th karni.
• Nikolai Kareev (rayu 1850-1931) - sociologist, Falsafa. Mafi sani ga aikinsa: "The falsafar da al'adu da kuma zamantakewa tarihi na zamani sau", "Tsoho da sabon nazarin a kan tattalin arziki da jari-hujja".
• Matvey Troitsky (rayu 1835-1899) - wakilin empirical falsafa a kasar Rasha. The kafa na farko "Moscow M Society." A mafi ƙwarai aikin, wanda ya bayyana kayan yau da kullum na jari-hujja - shi ne "muqala karatu a metaphysics Farfesa Lotze."
• Dmitri Pisarev (rayu 1840-1868) - sanannen Revolutionary Democrat, essayist da kuma wallafe-wallafen sukar lamiri. Daya daga cikin mafi bayyanar wakilan da "sittin".
• Nikolay Dobrolyubov (rayu 1836-1861) - a neman sauyi da bindiga, mawãƙi da essayist. A bin jari-hujja, empiricism kuma m egoism. Ya bayar da hujjar cewa wani mai priori iko ne mai labari, da primacy na sararin samaniya - shi ne al'amarin.

Mene ne akawu-jari?

Shin ka taba ji labarin irin wannan sana'a? Wane ne wannan? Wannan hisabi Specialist na mafi girma, cancantar matakin da kayan lissafin kudi ofishin a kamfanin. Wannan frame ne ke da alhakin wadanda yankunan lissafin aiki, ga abin da shi ne a haɗe, a matsayin alhakin mutum.

Sunan wannan sana'a yana da kõme ba su yi tare da falsafancin da yayi. "Akanta jari" - wannan shi ne kawai a general sunan ga ofishin lissafin ma'aikatan wanda aikinsu iya hada daban-daban aka gyara, dangane da ikon yinsa, daga ayyukan da sha'anin.