Soviet kyamarori: Fed, "Fitowar", "Moscow", "Zenith", "Change"

Tarayyar Soviet yana da wani arziki tarihi a duk kwatance. Movies, directing, art ba ya zama a bayan fage. Masu daukan hoto kuma kokarin kiyaye up, suka ɗaukaka mai girma da iko a kan ta high-tech gaban. A brainchild na Soviet injiniyoyi bugi yan koyo, a duniya.

Mene ne sirrin nasarar da halitta na dijital kyamarori? Saboda wanda miliyoyin mutane a duniya kamar yadda idan hypnotized kallon da Masterpieces na Rasha art na daukar hoto? Saboda wanda Soviet kyamarori an san a duk faɗin duniya? A wannan labarin, za ka gan su a duk su daukaka.

"Sharp"

A shekarar 1954, wannan model aka dauke da kamara ne da gaske mafi zamani da kuma high-tech ci gaba a fannin daukar hoto. Game da "Sharp" mafarkin na kusan duk yan koyo, masu daukan hoto da kuma masu bincike. Dalili ga nasara aiki da wannan na'urar ne amfani da sana'a karfe fayafayan.

Gudanar daukar hoton kamara ta amfani da "Sharp" za a iya yi da hannu biyu da kuma da taimakon taži. A karshen harka, shi ya kamata a tuna cewa kasa na kamara shi ne na musamman Ramin ba ka damar hašawa da goyon bayan da tabbaci da kuma haƙuri. A fata hali sanya shi yiwuwa a dauki hotuna tare da cire na'urar.

"Sharp" kamara ya zama gaskiya yanki na aikin injiniya. A kan aiwatar da aiki tare da su aka bada shawarar yi riko da wadannan jerin:

1. Idan naúrar tana saka a cikin wani zamiya ruwan tabarau, saita shi zuwa ga aiki matsayi.
2. Daya hanya domin sanin ko daukan hotuna lokaci na bai budewa.
3. Saita budewa a kan ruwan tabarau.
4. Fara ƙofar.
5. Saita rufe gudun kan ƙofar.
6. Mayar da hankali da ruwan tabarau.
7. Fara rikodi, m latsa button.

Jagoranci harbi da hannu biyu ya kamata ka rike na'urar da tabbaci amma ba tare da da yawa danniya. Wannan na'urar ya tabbatar da sake cewa Soviet kyamarori cancanci girmamawa!

Fed 2

Ciyar da kyamara - sana'a na'urar ga masu daukan hoto, sanya a shekara ta 1952. Kamar yadda da ayyuka da kuma a lokacin karni na karshe shi ne mai gaske m zane da kuma daukan girman kai daga wuri a cikin category "Cameras da Tarayyar Soviet."

Shooting za a iya za'ayi daga duk wani daga cikin kayan abinci, ko ta kowane hanya, da aka sani a wancan lokacin. Instant photos, taži, hannu, wani bata lokaci ba - wani abu. Domin ciyar da-2 ya ba zai yiwu ba. Yana musamman na son 'yan jarida da kuma masu daukan hoto, aiki shoot shimfidar wurare, wasa events kuma panoramas.

Fed ne kerarre a kan wani dalili-gina factory aiki communes na NKVD na Ukrainian SSR su. F. E. Dzerzhinskogo gaba ɗaya na Soviet raw kayan. Kamar yadda wani mummunan abu domin shi ya yi amfani da daidaitattun perforated film tsiri segments na 1,60 m, to, game da shi lokaci guda caji na'ura 36 don samar da hotunan.

Dalili na zane na kyamara aka ciyar 2 ayyukansu a kan manufa na automaticity da Tasrifu sunadaran. A wasu kalmomin, da kafa da mataki na rufe, daukar hoto haka lokaci guda baya da kuma tef kirgawa yawan generated images.

"Moscow"

A Kit tare da wannan kyamara a 1959 yana daga cikin 'kyamara da kanta tare da wani kwararren ƙofar "karfin juyi-24C", Case, tef faifai, da jawo waya, wani akwatin for kai da kuma ajiya, kazalika da cikakken umarnin da fasfo da kuma bayanin da na'urar.

A kamara "Moscow", da manufacturer zai samar da sabis na garanti a cikin shekara guda na saya ba, bayar da cewa na'urar ba bude ko kwakkwance waje shuka.

Babban siffa daga cikin kyamara yana budewa kimiyyan gani da hasken wuta. Har ila yau, wani m Bugu da kari ga duk mai son daukan hoto da ya faru da musamman kafada madauri.

A yi da wannan model Soviet injiniyoyi gaske outdid kansu. Tantancewar mayar da hankali rangefinder da wani m tushe na 65 mm, kazalika da tsakiyar ƙofar, wanda yana da takwas auto daukan hotuna, guda biyu tare da flash synchronizer iya ba bar sha'aninsu dabam wani mai son daukar hoto a cikin tarayyar Soviet.

Kyamara "Moscow" ya iya yi kamar yadda mutane da yawa kamar 12 Shots 6x6 cm format a wani karin cajin. Yanzu, wadannan Figures iya ze m mana, amma a shekarar 1954 shi ne kan gab da almarar kimiyya, ga wanda, babu shakka, yana da daraja sake gode Soviet injiniyoyi ƙãga halittarku irin wannan a daidai sunadaran a cikin post-yaki shekaru. Wannan na'urar ya yi tasbihi Soviet kyamarori, taimaka musu matsayi high a cikin jerin mafi kyau a duniya!

"Zenith"

"Zenith" yana nufin category na fuskance na'urorin. Yana da aka yi nufi ga wani m iri-iri harbi da kuma iya tallafawa biyu launi da kuma baki-da-fari fim. Mutane sukan yi amfani da wannan kayan aiki da za a iya bayyana a cikin kalmomi biyu: sosai gwani mai son daukar hoto. A waɗannan lokuta da tsohon tsarin "Zenith" har yanzu ya kasance da wuya sosai don amfani ga talakawan daukar hoto da shi ne ba kamar yadda tasiri ga wata sana'a photojournalist, don haka shi nasa ne da aji "a sama wa talakawan".

Babban amfani da model ne haƙĩƙa abin da ake kira madubi halin yanzu mayar da hankali. Yana yiwuwa a ci gaba da tsayar da abu, Yana zuwa sharpness da kuma ƙara da tsabta da kuma sharpness na image. Tsohon kyamara "Zenit" za a iya amfani da ruwan tabarau da ciwon daga 37 zuwa 1000 mm hankali tsawon, kazalika da musamman elongated zobba da damar domin haifuwa aiki da kuma harba kananan abubuwa kusa-up - abin da ake kira macro- da microphotography.

"Shift 2"

Kyamara "Smena-2" yana nufin aji na kananan-sized na'urorin. Ya na da m m tsarin, da babban manufar wanda shi ne zalla mai son harbi. A Soviet sau, da kwararru kauce masa ta hanyar wannan model. Domin su dalilai shi ma sauki, ko da yake, a daya hannun, da ayyuka da aka sauki, kuma da ilhama ga talakawa masu daukan hoto.

Wannan kyamara aka tafiya a cikin sa tare da wani fasfo, da kuma ruwan tabarau cewa sauƙi samar atomatik halittar biyar excerpts kuma da dama sabani. Naúrar aka kuma sanye take da wani lokacin saiti aiki da kuma musamman synchronizer aiki tare da wani flash fitilar.

Ta wajen juyawa daga cikin ruwan tabarau na iya zama da sauƙi mayar da hankali a kan wani so abu. Iyakoki na image fihirisa da wani Tantancewar search engine, wanda aka asali gina a cikin "Change 2" kamara. Wannan na'urar za a iya recharged ba tare da matsaloli a cikin haske, wanda kuma da muhimmanci. Bugu da kari, an sanye take da wani musamman inji to baya cikin fim ta kawai 1 frame, wanda yake shi ne da gaske matsananci-zamani zane a tsakiyar karni na 20th.

"Sputnik"

Shelar saki na gaba model na kamara, "Tauraron Dan Adam", da manufacturer ya ce da m talakawa da ake kira sitiriyo biyu. A manufacturer iƙirari cewa, musamman stereoscopic hoto zai taimake sa hotuna, kyale su samu a gaskiya hoto na sarari tsari na abubuwa, abubuwa da daban-daban abubuwa.

A wannan sa ya hada da kawai da kamara da kanta, "Tauraron Dan Adam", kuma musamman firam zuwa kwafa da stereoscope. Da taimakon "tauraron dan adam" na'am da wani image kunsha na yawan dan kadan daban-daban hotuna, idan akai la'akari da cewa shi yiwuwa a lura shigar, uku-girma image. Kamar yadda shaidun gani da ido da gani ya gaske m. The sosai guda kyamara za a iya cajin al'ada yi fim. A daukar hoto iya yin 6 stereoskopnyh qware ma'aikata, ko 12 misali. Bugu da kari, wannan model sanye take da wani auto rufe, wanda a cikin sa, rufe a wurin bayan game 7-8 seconds. Tun da farko Soviet kyamarori, irin zai iya ba fariya.

"Fitowar"

"Fitowar" da aka samar a cikin Tarayyar Soviet a lokacin daga shekarar 1964 zuwa shekarar 1968, a Birnin Leningrad, a cikin factory Tantancewar-Mechanical Association mai suna bayan V. I. Lenina. Wannan naúrar da wani fairly m gidaje, wanda dogara ne an aluminum gami da wani bude raya bango (ba zato ba tsammani, shi kuwa yana da dadi). Baya cikin fim, kazalika da na'ura mutanena su ka aka za'ayi amfani da guduma.

Ya kamata a lura da cewa jawo aka ayi a kan baki da ruwan tabarau, wanda shi ne sosai sabon abu ga model na lokaci. Kyamara "Fitowar" yana da wani nauyi na 850 grams kuma yana da ikon harba hotuna 24x36 mm size amfani da wani flash Daidaita category "X" da "M".

ban sha'awa gaskiyar

Ba zato ba tsammani, wannan ya zama alama ba mafi mashahuri a lokacin a cikin Tarayyar Soviet model yana da yawan bayar da kofe na 59.225 guda. Ba kamar sauran model, wannan kyamara shi ne yiwu kuma a zamanin yau saukin samuwa a Rasha da kuma CIS. Har yanzu rike quite mai yawa cikakken aiki model na "Fitowar".

Mu tuna, muna alfahari da

A labarin da aka dismantled bayani dalla-dalla, fasali da kuma ban sha'awa siffofin mafi mashahuri Soviet kyamarori. Hakika, ci gaba da taba tsaye har yanzu, da kuma, ganin wannan gaskiya, Ina son sake zuwa ka lura da aikin na Soviet injiniyoyi. Shi ne da godiya ga yunkurin da Tarayyar Soviet kyamarori ba ya jin kunyar nuna wa kasashen waje, da kuma hotuna dauka tare da su, sun kasance daga cikin mafi ingancin!