Streletsky haddin shari'a (1682): haddasawa, sakamakon

A 1682, Moscow ta maharba suka aiwatar da wasannin da wani bore, sakamakon ikon Sophia A. - mazan 'yar'uwar matasa sarakuna Ivan da Bitrus. Wannan tawayen da aka alama ta m kisan kai boyars da kuma jami'an kasar.

abubuwan da ake bukata

Famous strelets tawaye a 1682 ya faru ga dalilai da dama. Jim kadan kafin shi an halitta shelves na sabon tsarin, wanda muhimmanci canza umarni na sojojin. Kafin Maharba suka harbe su ne kashin bayan sojoji, ta Elite raka'a. Da zuwan da regiments na sabon domin sun zahiri juya a cikin wani birni tsare.

Haka kuma, kafin tawaye streltsi albashi suka ba sababbu saboda wani komai a baitulmalin Haikali. Akwai a cikin wannan sashen dutsen da hazing a cikin abin da kwamandojin sa albashin qarqashinsu da azaba a cikin kowane yiwu hanya tare da nasu matsayi. Duk wannan halitta mai tashin hankali. Jima ko daga baya da shi ya juya zuwa bude zanga-zanga. Duk da cewa an da ake bukata domin wannan - wasu waje lokaci. Kuma ya samu.

magaji ga matsalar

Afrilu 27, 1682, ya rasu matasa sarki Theodore A .. Mutuwarsa ya kai ga dynastic rikice. A marigayin da yara. Al'arshi kamata wuce zuwa ɗaya daga cikin matasa, 'yan'uwa -' ya'ya maza na Alexei Mikhailovich. Ivan da Bitrus, suka yi har yanzu yaro. By hadisin, kursiyin ya kamata ya samu na farko daya. Duk da haka, Ivan wani sickly yaro, da kuma Kremlin yi imani da cewa zai mutu da wuri. Bugu da kari, da 'yan'uwan mahaifinsa da daban-daban uwayenku, bi da a tsaye Knights takaddama ƙungiyõyin. Nan a kan wannan m siyasa bango kuma dauki bore strelets 1682.

Uwar goma sha shida Ivan ya Maria Miloslavskaya - wani wakilin high-haife, kuma m iyali. Ta mutu kafin mijinta, don haka akwai mahaifi da sauran dangi baya yaro. Ten-shekara Peter ne ɗan Natalia Naryshkin. Streletsky haddin shari'a cikin 1682 ne saboda da adawa tsakanin biyu iyalai a lokacin da zabar wani sabon sarki.

Tsarevich Petr

Bisa ga doka, magajin ya ƙayyade Boyar Duma. Ta tattara cewa tuni terminally rashin lafiya Theodore A. aka shirya ce ban kwana ga rayuwa. Manyansu zaba Bitrus. Wannan yaro ya da kiwon lafiya na da ɗan'uwansu, wanda ke nufin cewa magoya bayansa zai yi taƙawa ba ga su nan gaba a taron na wani dõgẽwa ikon canji.

Wani key hali a cikin labarin mazan 'yar'uwar Ivan da Bitrus Sofia Alekseevna. Shi ne ta ke qaddamar da fitina musketeers. Princess shi ne 25 ga watan shekara, ta kasance mai girma mutumin da babban burinsu. Sophia so a cire da bargo ikon a kan kansa. Make shi da za ta, da farko, via m da matsayi maharba, kuma abu na biyu, saboda da goyon bayan disadvantaged Duma Miloslavskys. Princess kuma dogara a kan m sarakuna Ivana Hovanskogo da Vasily Golitsyn. Wadannan manyan mutane sun kasance ba a duk farin ciki daukaka Naryshkins low-haife.

Tarzoma a Moscow

Very da ewa ba bayan da shawarar da Boyar Duma a kan zabi na gade a Moscow ya fara yada jita-jita game da mai zuwa ƙeta na maharba. Wadannan tattaunawa da goyon baya mai fadi da cibiyar sadarwa na magoya bayan Miloslavskys. Streletsky haddin shari'a cikin 1682 ne saboda da m farfaganda a cikin sojojin. A lokuta da fitina nasu magabatansu.

Makonni biyu a babban birnin kasar, da halin da ake ciki da aka musamman siga da kuma bai tabbata ba. A karshe ranar May 15 kusata Sophia fara aiki mafi decisively. Ivan Miloslavsky da Bitrus Tolstoy tafi zuwa ga Musketeers District kuma akwai fili maharba fara kira zuwa ga Kremlin, wai saboda gaskiyar cewa Naryshkin kashe jariri Tsarevich Ivan. A taron na dauke da makamai mutane a zahiri ya tafi zuwa ga sarki da bẽnãye. Akwai, ta bukaci cewa boyars suka yi tsayayya da Sophia da Miloslavskys da waɗanda suke da alhakin mutuwar wani yaro.

Disaffected gana da Sarauniya Natalia Naryshkin. Koyo cikin hanyar sabani, shi ya haddasa shirayin da fadar Ivan da Bitrus, da nuna a fili cewa yara ne duk dama. A dalilan da wani bore musketeers kunshi a jita-jita, wanda ba a tabbatar. Saboda haka, mara izini mataki zai iya riga da za a bi a matsayin laifin cin amanar kasa.

fara zubar da jini

Halin da ake ciki da Kremlin kai tafasar batu. A taron ya ba tarwatsa, idan a kan wannan shirayi bulla akasar Naryshkins mataimaki Boyar Mikhail Dolgorukov. Wannan bafadan ihu a cikin musketeers, zargin da su na cin amanar kasa da kuma barazana da mutuwa gaggawa. A wannan lokacin tashin hankali da makamai maza karshe samu wani ya kawar da toshiya da fushinsa. Dolgorukova jefa daga cikin shirayin dama a kan māsu da sojoji a tsaye a kasa. Saboda haka farko jini da aka zubar.

Yanzu akwai babu inda koma baya. Saboda haka, wani bore musketeers events fãta shimfiɗaɗɗa hanzari, har ma da zargin shirya na da tashin yada jita-jita, da ƙarya da cewa sun daina sarrafa halin da ake ciki. 'Yan tawayen aikatã game da wasu kimanin Naryshkins, ciki har da shugaban su jam'iyyar Artamonov Matveev. A cikin fadar Sarauniya na sojoji wuka da ɗan'uwansa Athanasius. Kisan ci gaba duk rana. Maharba suka karbe iko da Kremlin. The bayanai da jimloli na manyan gidãje da bẽnãye tsaro da 'yan tawaye. A gaskiya, da sarauta iyali ya zama garkuwa.

Danniya da Naryshkins

Da farko strelets tawaye suka kai ga cikakken rashin tsari a cikin birnin. Power, yana shanyayye. 'Yan tawayen tare da wani musamman himma nemi wani dan'uwan Sarauniya - Ivan Naryshkin. A ranar da zubar da jini, ya boye a cikin gidan sarauta da bẽnãye, haka tsira. Duk da haka, a rana daga baya da maharba sake zo da Kremlin da nema a saki Ivana Kirillovicha. In ba haka ba, da suka yi alkawarin shirya karin hargitsi.

Natal Naryshkin zauna. Sophia Alekseevna da kaina matsa ta, kuma ya fara bayyana cewa kawai hanyar don kauce wa kara rashin tsari. Ivan aka bayar. Ya aka azabtar sa'an nan hukuncin kisa. Uba Ivan kuma Natalia - haihuwa da kuma rashin lafiya Cyril Naryshkin - aka aiko zuwa sufi.

Biya na albashi musketeers

Rikici a Moscow tsawon kwanaki uku. Daya daga cikin na karshe manyan tsõro wadanda suka zama bango Ganden - wani waje likita, kõma zuwa Fedor Alekseevich. Sagittarians sun zarge shi da guba da sarki, da ya kashe. A kisa ya faru duk da entreaties na bazawara marigayin ba a taba likita. Tsarina Marfa ya nuna cewa da baƙon da kaina kokarin duk da magunguna ta sallami Fedor. Wannan misali ya nuna yadda m da makafi ya strelets tawaye. Sophia a lokaci guda ya yi dukan abin da samun da qafafunku a mulki.

Duk da haka, kafin 'yan tawayen da gwamnatin fara tattauna da siyasa nan gaba a kasar,' yan tawayen May 19 ya zo a qananan sarki wani ultimatum. Maharba suka harbe sun bukaci biyan duk jinkiri albashi. Bisa ga lissafin, baitulmalin ya biya 240 dubu rubles. A wancan zamani, a imbin jimla. A gwamnati na kudi kawai ba a can. Sa'an nan, da himma dauki Sophia, wanda shi ne bisa ga ƙa'ida har yanzu ba da ciwon da wani dalĩli, umurce su da su kara haraji da kuma levies a lardin da kuma fara narke Kremlin dabi'u.

biyu yarima

Ba da da ewa gano sabon yanayi, wanda ya jagoranci strelets tawaye. A takaice tantance halin da ake ciki, Sophia yanke shawarar da maharba ya bukaci wa kansu da ainihin iko. Duba, kamar haka. Iya 23 Masu zanga-zangar sun kai} arar da a cikin sunan Peter, wanda ya nace cewa na biyu sarki ya ɗan'uwansa, Ivan. A mako daga baya, wannan hade an ci gaba. Sagittarians ana kuma miƙa yin Sophia Alekseevnu regent saboda yara co-shugabanni.

Boyar Duma kuma Lardi amince da wadannan canje-canje. A zabi ba su da, a matsayin Kremlin ta mazaunan ci gaba da za a yi garkuwa da da sojoji. Bikin aure bikin Ivan V da Bitrus I a kan Yuni 25 a ɗauka cewa Cathedral. Ta taƙaice sakamakon wani bore musketeers - ikon aka maye gurbinsu a kasar. Maimakon haka, tafin kafa Rasha Prince Bitrus yana da biyu co-shugabanni-yara. Da ainihin ikon da ke cikin hannun su mazan da 'yar'uwa Sophia Alekseevna.

Khovanshchina

Events bayan bore musketeers 1682 don wani lokaci agitated Moscow. Lokacin da Sophia zo ikon, shi ya nada shugaban soja samuwar Ivana Hovanskogo. Sarauniyar aka kirgawa a kan taimako a calming maharba. Sarauniyar tsoron for masa abin rekõdinsa. Ta ba ya so ya zama wanda aka azabtar tawaye.

Duk da haka Khovanskii adadi shi ne ba da mafi kyau zabi ga wannan muhimmin matsayi. Prince ba kawai na baya zuwa musketeers a bukatunsu, amma ya kasance da matsa lamba a kan Sofia. Bugu da ƙari, cikin soja taba bar Kremlin, bayanin ya mataki bukatar kare sarauta zama. Wannan gajeren lokaci da aka popularly tuna a matsayin "Khovanshchina".

Tsohon Muminai tashin hankali

A halin yanzu, akwai wani sabon factor a cikin 'yan adawa ga musketeers da gwamnatin tsakiya. Sun zama Muminai. Wannan addini motsi raba daga Rasha Orthodox Church a zamanin mulkin Alexei Mikhailovich. A rikici da aka sa ta sake fasalin na sarki Nikon, shafi jigon muhimmanci Kirista bikin. Church gane schismatics da Litattafansu kore su zuwa ga karkata daga kasar a Siberia.

Yanzu cewa bore da ya faru a birnin Moscow, Old Muminai koma sake zuwa babban birnin kasar. Su soja kurum marar taimakon Khovanskii. A Kremlin, sai ya fara kare da ra'ayin daga cikin larura na tauhidin shawarwari tsakanin magoya bayan Tsohon Muminai da hukuma coci. Irin wannan jama'a muhawara da gaske ya faru. Duk da haka, wannan taron ƙare yau da kullum da tarzoma. Yanzu tushen tashin zama commoners.

Sai a wannan lokacin akwai wani rikici tsakanin Sofya da Khovanskii. Sarauniyar nace kan bukatar jinkiri a Old Muminai. A karshen, wasu daga cikin shugabannin da aka kashe, ko da yake Khovanskiy tabbace su rigakafi. Tsoron harin ramuwar gayya daga hukumomi, maharba sun amince da gane schismatic instigators ga na gaba tawaye.

Motsi da yadi

Bayan da ya faru tare da Old Muminai dangantakar dake tsakanin Sofia da kuma Ivan Alekseevnoj Khovanskii karshe rincabewa. A daidai wannan lokaci da mahukuntan ci gaba a Jihar dogara da maharba. Sa'an nan regent tattara dukan yadi da kuma a zahiri gudu da shi daga garin. Haka ya faru a ranar 19 ga watan Agusta.

A wannan rana, a cikin karkata daga Moscow shirya procession. Sofia amfani da wannan hujjar ta janye daga maharba a lardin. Tun da shi ya dauki wani da tsarevitches. Sarauta iya kira mai daraja mayakan, wanda zai zama wani sabon sojojin iya kare ikon da da ba na dindindin maharba. Yard asirce koma wani da-garu Triniti Mai Tsarki sufi.

Sagittarians ana kwanciya saukar da makamai

Za a dangane da wannan rawar daji ikon zo sabon strelets tawaye? Sanadin da sakamakon farko zubar da jini har yanzu tuna da Sofia, yanke shawarar rabu da wannan barazana. Ta yi imani da cewa irin wannan yiwuwar bai wanzu, kuma ya so ya dakatar da ita gaba.

Khovanskiy su koyi game da ainihin jirgin na regent tare da sarakuna na yanke shawarar in je a mike zuwa Sophia cewa ta hanyar tattaunawa don warware rikici. A kan hanya sai ya tsaya a Pushkin, inda ya aka kama da hukumomin m hidima. A wannan dare, 17 Satumba, ya aka kashe a kan zargin da shirya juyin mulki. Khovanshchina ƙare.

Biyu zubar da jini da ya faru. Sagittarians koyi game da walãkantarwa mutuwa na shugaban, aka demoralized. Sun sallama, kuma barrantar da Kremlin. A wurin da Cif Strelets sojojin ya aka nada magatakarda na majalisar Fedor Shaklovity. Ya fara recreating a wadannan sassa na horo da kuma oda. Bayan shekaru 16 na maharba suka tayar sake, riga a zamanin mulkin Bitrus I, bayan abin da suka kasance gaba daya repressed, kuma su sojojin watse.