Ft William gaya labari game da shi

Kowace al'umma yana da hali, wanda ya wakiltar da al'umma ta so ga 'yanci da' yancin kai. Wani lokaci, a cikin rawar da ya taka a matsayin mai goyon baya mythological haruffa, kuma sau da yawa embellish da ke nuna hakikanin na yi sosai cewa yana da wuya a bambanta gaskiya daga almarar. Wata irin wannan gwarzo ne William Ka faɗa, wanda na ƙarni sun hada da Swiss Legends kuma songs.

A kadan tarihi

Kafin motsi a kan zuwa labarin Vilgelme Telle, ya kamata ka yi a kananan yawon shakatawa a cikin tarihi na Switzerland, mafi daidai a cikin tarihi na Canton na Uri, dake a cikin Alps. Uri mazauna ga ƙarni aka san su da 'yanci shiryayye, kuma ko da yake wannan yankin da aka dauke Jamus ƙasa, da kansa dokokin sarrafa a cikin Alps.
Bugu da kari, har karshe kwata na XIII karni na Canton na Uri da cantons na Schwyz da Unterwalden dadin wasu gata a matsayin lada ga ƙarfin hali da shi nuna su mazaunan a cikin sabis na Austria sarki. Kuma Rudolph I, wanda yake da babban daraja ga jarumi tuddai, ko da ba su da hakkin su zabi nasu gwamnan - Landamman-wata. Amma sai abubuwa canza, kuma Swiss ya kare 'yancin su. Don wannan karshen, a 1291, uku 'yan tawayen Canton shiga wani soja alliance, wanda ya ba Yunƙurin zuwa halittar dama shekara ɗari daga baya, da Swiss Confederation.

Wanda aka William Ka ce?

Amma baya ga William Ka faɗa. Me game da shi? Eh, quite a bit. An yi imani da cewa shi ya kasance wani 'yan qasar na birnin Byurglen located in Canton na Uri. Kuma Ka faɗa ta haihuwa rikodin a cikin Ikklesiya da littãfi da aka ba su kiyaye. Duk da haka, wadanda suke da ra'ayin cewa gaya - a hakikanin hali, ya bayyana rashin rubuta shaidar da cewa da hukuma archives na Canton na Uri ƙone a wuta a 1440. Bugu da kari, akwai wani version cewa gaya shi ne surukin real tarihi adadi - Walter Fürst, wanda aka rubuce, a 1307 a fili alwãshin tare da Werner Stauffacher da Arnold de Melchtal yantad da ƙasarsa ta kasar daga mamayar na ƙi, kuma m Austrians. Idan real facts, gaya game da rayuwa na kasa gwarzo na Switzerland ne kusan a can, da amfani da William Ka ce da aka sani a babban daki-daki. Kuma babu wanda zai iya gaya inda gaskiya ne da tatsuniyoyi.

William Ka ce: The Legend da kuma real facts. Me game da shi?

Yana duk ya fara a 1291 a lokacin da ya hau kan karaga Rudolf mai karɓar farko Adolf Nassausky. A sabon sarki, lakabi da Black Duke, shahara da mugun hali da kuma consign to abu wulakantacce duk gabata yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya da. Abu na farko da ya yi - maye gurbin Landamman-s da su gwamnoni, da ake kira bailiffs. Wadannan Austria jami'an fara aika mugunta, triggering zãlunci; tsakanin mazauna Swiss cantons. Zaluntar daban-daban ma'aikacin kotu Gessler, suka zauna a cikin castle a Altdorf da kuma jagoranci daga henchmen seyavshimi tsõro a cikin gida manoma. Ga na ainihi facts zo ga ƙarshe, da kuma fara da labari kwatanta feat na William Ka faɗa a haske launuka kuma tare da duk cikakkun bayanai. Kuma da yawa masu bincike na gaskiya, nuna cewa labari na alfahari da shugabanci na Alps ne sosai kama da labari na m virtuoso (akwai wajen dozin), wanda suke da mabambantan mutane da suke zaune a cikin sararin yanki daga Indiya zuwa Farisa da ta Scandinavian Larabawa.

A feat na jarumi Swiss

A cewar labari, da zarar Gessler yanke shawarar gano ko haddin shari'a da aka Brewing tsakanin mazaunan Uri. Domin wannan, ya yi umarni da iyakacin duniya saita square da kuma kafa a kan ducal hat. Sa'an nan da mãsu gayya sanar da cewa wucewa da ake bukata domin rukũ'i da huluna, NUNA ikon da Austrians, da kuma waɗanda suka ƙi, mutuwa jiransu. Gritting da hakora, da mazaunan biyayya da oda, da kuma wani William Ka faɗa, wanda aka tafiya a cikin square da ɗansa, ya ƙi rukũ'i zuwa hat. Lokacin da ya aka kawo a ga tambayar, ya ce cewa shi mai free mutum.

Ma'aikacin kotu Gessler kuwa ya yi fushi, amma bai yi kuskure to nan da nan kashe 'yan tawayen. Bayan yanke shawarar yi aiki da kwazo, da ya yi alkawari ga gafartawa gaya, idan ya za su iya samun can tare da mutum ɗari da matakai da burin, da kuma yadda wani manufa da shawarar yin amfani da wani apple, ya sa a kan shugaban dansa William. Hakika, Tall ki, amma da wayo ma'aikacin kotu ya bayyana cewa, idan ya umurni da wani apple harba daya daga cikin maharba. A cewar labari, a cikin hali da kuma feat na William gaya aka sanya - mutumin, tara dukan ƙarfin hali, ya kora da kuma buga da apple a kan shugaban shida shekara daya dan, Walter, sa'an nan ya gudu tare da yaro.

Rayuwa gwarzo bayan da feat

A kan rayuwar William Ka ce bayan taron a kan square na Altdorf kuma aka sani da kadan. A musamman, da labari ya ce cewa har yanzu harbe Gessler daga crossbow, lokacin da ya je ya dauki iyalinsa garkuwa da su, amma bayan da gaskiyar mai yawa mai girma abubuwa. Alal misali, ya halarci yakin Morgarten abin da ya faru a 1315. Sai feat na William gaya shi ba ne kawai daya. Lokacin da shekaru ba zai yale shi ya yi yãƙi tãre da wani makami a hannu, mutum kuma ya zama treasurer na coci na Bingen. Haka kuma an yi zargin cewa, mutuwar gwarzo fyauce a 1354, a lokacin da William Ka ce, riga wani tsohon mutum wanda ya mutu ƙoƙarin ajiye wani yaro daga nutsar a wani dutse kogin.

Rossini - mai fitacciyar gargajiya music

Patriotic da iyayentaka feat William gaya aka immortalized Dzhoakino Rossini, wanda Ya halitta a cikin 1829 ya fitacciyar - da wasan opera "William Ka ce wa".

Overture domin wannan babbar samfurin ne kusan 190 years old ne kunshe a cikin shirin na kide na symphonic music, kuma da shahararsa ba zai iya gasa ba classic opus. da Rossini kansa aka haka fatattakakkun bayan shida tsawon watanni da aikin a kan "Vilgelmom Tellem", wanda, bayan na zauna ta farko shekaru 40, ba Labarai opera salo. Rossini ta "William Ka ce:" An yabo daga wajen sukar. Duk da haka, har ƙarshen XIX karni dakatar da damƙar shredding ta libretto da kuma canza sunan, saboda shi ga kira ga juyin juya halin da kuma tawaye.