Lefortovo Palace: yi, m, tarihi

A cikin bazara na 1675 akwai wani unusually m, kuma mai kaifin saurayi a Moscow. Ya zo daga Switzerland a search na kasada da kuma sananne dũkiya. To ya bashi - sa'an nan a kan wasu turare ya yi kyau kwarai. Jamus yarjejeniya inda ya rayu, a waɗannan shekaru da ziyara swarming da adventurers, amma shi ya kasance ya, Franz Lefort, rabo ya riga ya shirya lashe tikitin, yin kusa aboki na Petra Velikogo.

Sun masoyi na arziki

Ya magance a cikin Jamus Quarter, Franz ya a ba sauri zuwa nauyin da kansu tare da wani takamaiman zama, kuma zuwa da wani arziki, aure 'yan overripe, amma abu ya bayar da' yar Kanar Sug, a search na farin ciki da aka kawo a Rasha daga Faransa. Young, kyau, kuma baicin, samun wani gwaji sadaqi, Lefort jagoranci wani m rayuwa, kamar taba-kawo karshen idi. Shi ne a cikin wani whirl fun, kuma ya aka ƙaddara su sadu da matasa a lokacin da Sarkin sarakuna Peter I.

The matasa Swiss da yawa talanti, amma mafi shahararren daga gare su, ya na da ikon daukaka kara zuwa dama mutum. Jimawa da Rasha autocrat, ba kawai ya kawo shi gare ta, amma kuma sanya daya daga cikin amintattu. Tun daga nan aiki Lefort sharply haura kan tudun, da kuma taimaka Fortuna dauke m ga mafi alheri fi.

Mamallaki kyauta ga ta fi so

M wa favorites, Peter sa sabon Pet a gaske sarauta kyauta - wani gini sabõda shi a Moscow, a kan banki na Yauza gidan qasaita, kewaye da wani wurin shakatawa da kuma kira Lefortovo Palace. Architect Dmitry Aksamitov, wanda ya dauki domin da zane da kuma gina gine-gine, gama ya halitta a 1698. Shi ne ƙwarai, m ga ajalinsa.

A baya can gina manyan gidãje Moscow paled kafin mazaunin sarakuna sa'a. Ya qasaita aka gina a cikin abin da ake kira eclectic style, wanda kunshi abubuwa da tsohon gine-gine na da gidajen kurkuku da kuma kunno kai trends a waɗannan shekaru, da ake kira "Bitrus Baroque". Madaidaici dauke da cewa marubucin na aikin shi ne daya daga cikin na farko Rasha gine-ginen da suka sanya wani ƙoƙari na karya daga cikin kunkuntar tsarin na pre-Petrine gine.

A girmamãwa daga cikin karɓa a dakin

A da shi, duk abin da ya sabuwar kuma sabon abu a kwatanta da kafa canons na Moscow. Don sa Lefortovo Palace, site na gaba majalisai cewa zai iya saukar da wani babban yawan gayyaci, sarki ya umarta a shirya shi a cikin wani dauki reno zauren, ba na baya zuwa girman da Turai model. D. Aksamitov daidai cika wannan bukata, da kuma girman kai suka gina fadar ya zama wata katuwar zauren da goma-tsawo yanki na ɗari uku da murabba'in mita.

Light daraja chandeliers nuna a cikin wani iri-iri na madubai, an rufe wata babbar hoto na Bitrus I, majestically dubi saukar da padded ja zane English bango. Wurin baƙi saninsa rasa a yawan hotuna da kyau tapestries, svezonnyh nan mafi kyau shagunan a Turai. A dakin da aka haka babban abin da zai iya sha'awan da ƙawa da goma sha biyar da ɗari mutane a lokaci guda.

suite na da dakuna

Na buga Lefortovo fada da alatu na sauran masallatai. Daga cikin memoirs na Sahaban san cewa ganinsu hadaya ingantattun dakuna, ciki har da daya, mai rai kore fata da aka cika da china kabad, da sauran hit kayayyakin duba whimsical Sin Masters, da uku - da m furniture. Kuma haka baitulmali ba su ƙidayuwa.

fadar shakatawa

A karkashin labarin, duk kuwa da kuma wurin shakatawa kewaye da Lefortovo Palace. A nan, za mu koya daga wata wasika daga mai shi, shi aika wa ɗan'uwansa, a 1698. Yana bayyana m, yankuna na zuwa gare shi, inda, a tsakanin Inuwa itatuwa rayuwa kamar yadda idan a cikin daji, dabbobin daji. Lefort kuma ambaci a cikin wasika daga cikin rarity daga waɗanda sau - wucin gadi tafkunan jiha tare da kifi.

gini layout da aka za'ayi a cikin irin wannan hanya da cewa babban gaban da aka tuba ga Yauza. An yi imani da cewa wannan yana nuna ji shi a matsayin quite navigable kogin. Bisa ga marubucin, janar bayyanar da fada da aka taimaka sanya a galleries da hamsin bindigogi.

La'ana, da matsin lamba na fada

Housewarming jam'iyyar, tare da rashin farin ciki, da ya faru a watan Fabrairu 1699. Just daga lokacin fãra asirin Lefortovo fada. Gaskiyar cewa, labarunsa suka mai yawa unexplained events, kuma ba Yunƙurin zuwa mafi duhu Legends. A farko daga cikin wadannan da aka kwatsam da mutuwar da gidan mai, riske shi a cikin makonni uku bayan da wani gagarumin bikin.

The hukuma hanyar ta rashin lafiya aka kira shi, shekaru masu yawa azaba Lefort, amma ba ya so ya yarda da cewa hinted a wasu hassada, da wanda yake cike da Jamusanci yarjejeniya, tsakanin wanda zai iya sosai juya a kira su masana a poisons. Amma daga baya, lokacin da ci gaba ominous kirtani rayuka, da janar ra'ayi ya converged a kan wani la'ana, ya jingina nauyi a kan wannan fada. Sabõda haka, shi ko ba - yana da wuya a ce, amma nĩsantarwa daga camfi, Peter amfani da shahararren fada ga manufar da aka nufa gudãnar da shi a receptions na jakadun, majalisai, kuma mafi kawai hauka binges.

The sabon abu daga cikin fadar

Wannan dade har 1706, har sai yarjejeniya faru a Semenovskaya wuta ba su hallaka ba gidan wani sarki fi so - Alexander Danilovich Menshikov. Don ta'aziyya da kwarjini da taƙama wadanda ke fama da wuta, da sarki ya ba shi wani marayu Lefortovo fada da shan wasu daga ta sake fasalin kudin. Gayyace ta sabon mai shi, Rasha m na Italian asalin Giovanni Maria Fontana, ban da babban ginin gina a bude hudu-storey gine-gine da alaka da rufe walkways, tsakar gida da kuma ado da m arcades.

Tun daga nan na Lefortovo fada zama da aka sani Menshikov, amma gravitated kan shi la'anar da aka ba a yarda da cewa har karshen kwanaki don a ji dadin ƙawa da m bẽnãye. Bayan rasuwar majiɓinci, gaba daya zavorovavshiysya Aleksandrov rasa ikon da aka fitar da su Siberia, kamar yadda suka faɗa, da kwata na dukiya.

Future aka azabtar da mugayen ruhohi

Lokacin da, a cikin gajeren lokaci ta sarautar Bitrus II ta babban birnin kasar da aka sake mayar da su Moscow, wannan fada ya zama daya daga cikin gidajen da matasa monarch. Sai ya zama a shi da wani autocrat zai daina a 1727, ya isa a wani ya kawo masa. Duk da haka, da la'ana, kuma sa'an nan tunãtar da kansa - ba zato ba tsammani ya mutu 'yar'uwarsa Natalya Alekseevna. Away daga zunubi, Bitrus II bar gidan, amma koma da wadannan shekara.

Shi kuwa yana da kurji da shi. Bayan ya zauna a cikin "bad haihuwa Palace" kasa da shekara guda, sai sarki ya zama tsunduma zuwa Princess Ekaterinoy Dolgorukovoy, amma bikin aure ba su zama. A kan nada rana, Janairu 18, 1730, ya mutu ba zato ba tsammani. Jim kadan bayan mutuwar sa, ya hau zuwa kursiyin Empress Anna Ivanovna.

Bes sa'an nan ya kasa podgadit hali. A daya daga cikin fadar dakunan, ya shawarci ta karya da hannu farko yanayin, wanda iyakance sarauta da iko ƙeta doka. A sakamakon haka, mãsu ɓarna Empress for shekaru goma shiga Rasha a cikin wani mummunan maelstrom ya danniya.

Da dama more nasara magabata ne kawai da Empress Elizabeth Petrovna, tare da wani fili cutar da kaina zauna a nan a 1742 a lokacin ziyarar da Moscow. Ya kare da rabo daga cikin blue-sa ido kyakkyawa, fiye da wani abu lyubivshuyu fun kayayyaki da kyau Guards jami'in. Don ta zuwa fadar bẽnãye aka mayar da bayan ta taso a cikin su da wuta na Moscow a 1737.

A kara rabo na fada

Yana da dukiyar da baitul, da Lefortovo Palace a Moscow na dogon lokaci da aka yi amfani da farko a matsayin wurin zama domin liyafar da jakadun} asashen waje da kuma mafi muhimmanci jami'an diplomasiya. Bugu da kari, a cikin 1771, shi housed annoba ewa da kuma daga baya zaunar da wasan kwaikwayo ta bãyinSa. A sabon darajar da aka samu a gidan sarauta, a 1804, idan aka located in wani soja jihar archive.

Karshen fadar ƙawa zo a 1812. wuta wuta da cewa cike da tsoho babban birnin kasar, ba kare, kuma wadannan katangu. Tun daga nan, a kan tabo inda da zarar Bitrus Baroque blended a cikin cikakken jituwa da tsoho Rasha Terem style, loomed a yin baƙi hasãra. A cikin taskar akwai wani kudi don sake gina ta, da gidan sarki aka yi watsi da manta da duk shekaru da yawa.

Bisa ga memoirs na Sahaban, ta kango nan da sannu zã overgrown tare da bishiyoyi da ciyawa, wanda alama da za a kokarin boye daga idanu na wucewa-m ãyõyin sakaci. The kango kansu a matsayin sabon mazaunan bayyana nan da nan. Sun zama wata aljannar gida barayi da 'yan fashi, ya kange akwai daga' yan sanda. Yana da aka ciyar da wata babbar, da zarar-groomed, da kuma lokacin da wani daji shakatawa. A waɗannan shekaru, Muscovites kokarin samun zagaye wannan duhu wuri.

A fādar sarki, wanda ya zama archives

A Tarurrukan na fada ya fara a cikin marigayi forties na XIX karni, a lokacin da a kan mafi girman umurnin sarki Nicholas aka gina da kuma fadada uku bene. A ta dakunan dake jihar archive na Main Staff na Army, wãnẽ ne wanda yake da wannan rana.

Amma a yau, a cikin wannan hadaddun na gine-gine dab da soja asidu wani m tarin audio kayan alaka daban-daban lokaci na tarihi. Wannan tarin hada yawa Monuments na sauti da al'adu da kuma zamantakewa da siyasa. The tarin wannan babban library, da ake kira a takaice RGAFD, za ka iya gani da kuma sauraron wani iri-iri na dako na sauti, daga kakin cylinders zamani CDs.

Monument na haihuwa Moscow

Bincika tsofaffin Moscow ba shi yiwuwa ba ganin Lefortovo Palace. Adireshi shi .. 2nd Bauman Street, da dai sauransu 3. Samu mai karye. Za ka iya amfani da jirgin karkashin kasa da kuma samun kashe a Bauman tashar da za a iya isa da bas lambar 78. A cikin matsananci hali, wani Muscovite gladly gaya maka inda Lefortovo fadar aka located.

Yau da bayyanar ne dan kadan daban-daban daga daya da ya yi a baya karni. Dalilin da cewa - a da yawa rearrangements, sau da yawa gudanar na musamman domin m dalilai, kuma ba tare da shan la'akari da gine-gine na musamman,, dasa akwai ta ainihin aikin.

A sakamakon canje-canje sanya da sauran layout na yankin, a rufe da sau daya-kyau view daga Yauza. Amma da la'ana, gravitated kan fada a cikin tsohon kwana, sa'an nan idan dai da ganuwar sun soja, shi ba ya bayyana kanta - ko da a guje daga Rasha sojojin da mugayen ruhohi.