Ta yaya Debian shigarwa daga USB drive

A wannan labarin, za ka koyi yadda za ka ƙirƙiri da kebul na flash drive cewa yana dauke da cikakken sarrafa kansa shigarwa na tsarin aiki Debian. Tare da wannan saitin amfani Wallix tsarin, a Bugu da kari ga gargajiya saituna. Booting Linux daga USB drive - ya fi dace da ingantaccen hanyar to download yau. Wannan shigarwa kafofin watsa labarai za a dogara a kan siffar da Debian girkawa.

A Hanyar da aka bayyana, a wannan labarin, shi ne mai sauki maimaita. Bugu da kari, shi ba ka damar amfani da Debian aiki tsarin a kan m kafofin watsa labarai. Girkawar Debian daga itace a cikin wannan hali za a dogara ne a kan misali ISO images.

Samar da wani bootable USB drive

A mataki na farko shi ne su shirya sassan na da kebul na flash drive, da fayil tsarin halittar da kuma shigar da grub2. Idan ba ka so ka yi gaba daya tsarkake ku flash drive, ba za ka iya amfani da daya daga ta data kasance profile har Grub2 goyon bayan fayil tsarin on shi (idan akwai isasshen sarari).

Za ka iya amfani da fdisk, Cfdisk ko wasu fi so ga kayan aiki da bangare. Saboda haka, ƙirƙirar farko bangare, da size, a kalla, 2G, da kuma kafa taya (misali, rubuta wani umurni da girmamawa ga itace / dev / sdb) # cfisk / dev / sdb).

Ƙirƙirar fayil tsarin a farko sashe - # mkfs.ext2 / dev / sdb1

Sa'an nan kuma saita Grub2 # mkdir / mnt / usb

# Dutsen / dev / sdb1 / mnt / usb

# Tsutsa-shigar --root-directory = / mnt / usb / dev / sdb

Grub2 dole a rubuta ta a MBR (Master Boot Record) a farkon 512 bytes na flash faifai, tun da shi ne zama dole don kwafe boot.img image. Bugu da kari, da directory za a halitta, wanda ya ƙunshi wani sa na tsutsa kayayyaki. Daga baya a cikin wannan shugabanci ya kamata a halitta grub.cfg fayil.

Yanzu ya kamata a sanya Debian shigarwa daga USB drive ta hanyar da HD-kafofin watsa labarai. Wannan hanya za ta bincika ISO-image daga Debian shigarwa kafofin watsa labarai. Saboda haka, shigar da umurnin # mkdir / mnt / usb / hdmedia-matsi

Bayan haka, dole ne ka yi amfani da wadannan:

# Wget http://ftp.debian.org/debian/dists/squeeze/main/installer-amd64/current/images/hd-media/vmlinuz -O / mnt / usb / hdmedia-matsi / vmlinuz

# Wget http://ftp.debian.org/debian/dists/squeeze/main/installer-amd64/current/images/hd-media/initrd.gz -O /mnt/usb/hdmedia-squeeze/initrd.gz

# Mkdir / mnt / usb / Idan babu

# Cp Debian-6.0.3-amd64-CD-1.iso / mnt / usb / Idan babu /

Don kammala horo, dole ne ka samar da wani sanyi fayil ga tsutsa:

#set color_normal = 'kore / baki'

#set color_highlight = 'haske-kore / baki'

# Ƙayyade da ake bukata hanya

# / Shigar da tushen directory na shigarwa faifai (/ dev / sdb1)

saita isosdir = '/ ISO-image "

sa hdmediasqueeze = '/ hdmedia-' matsi '

# To, idan akwai wata Debian shigarwa daga USB drive, wannan shirin za ta atomatik sami fayil din da ka kayyade.

# Saita da Debian, ta amfani da HD-image, kwafe fayil tsarin

a / HD-kafofin watsa labarai.

Saita Amsa = '/ hd-kafofin watsa labarai / preseed'

# Manual shigarwa Debian lxde kaga kamar haka:

menuentry 'Debian 6.0 amd64 manual kafa' {

Linux $ hdmediasqueeze / vmlinuz iso-scan / filename = $ isodir / Debian-6.0.3-amd64-CD-1.iso fifiko = m

initrd $ hdmediasqueeze / initrd.gz

# Atomatik shigar da za a iya shiga:

menuentry 'Debian 6.0 amd64 atomatik shigar' {

Linux $ hdmediasqueeze / vmlinuz iso-scan / filename = $ isodir / Debian-6.0.3-amd64-CD-1.iso preseed / fayil = $ preseed / misali-squeeze.preseed auto = gaskiya fifiko = m

initrd $ hdmediasqueeze / initrd.gz

By manual shigar da zai load wani misali Debian shigarwa daga USB drive ta atomatik - tare da shigarwa na amsoshin.

Option iso-scan / filename gaya wa tsarin inda zan samu cikakken shigarwa na Debian.

Ga bako OS takalma daga kebul na flash drive za ka bukatar ka saka tare da wani real na'urar real na'urar / dev / sdb a wani musamman VMDK fayil kuma shigar da / tmp / usb.vmdk farko SATA drive a cikin bako sanyi bangarori # VBoxManage internalcommands createrawvmdk -filename / tmp / usb .vmdk -rawdisk / dev / sdb

kashewa

Idan ka kasance a iya ci gaba zuwa download da Debian shigarwa manual shigar, dole ne ka sa'an nan ƙirƙirar database Debconf. Wannan database da ake amfani a lokacin da girkawa Debian, musamman, don shigarwa bayani. Amfani da fayil tare da sigogi ka load saitaccen yanayi na shigarwa shirin.

Create a directory a cikin tushen da kebul na flash drive da kwafe fayil zuwa sigogi yin amfani da wadannan umurnin: # mkdir / mnt / usb / preseed

Sa'an nan shigar da wadannan umurnin:

# Cat << EOF> /mnt/usb/preseed/standard-squeeze.preseed

di Debian-sakawa / wuri kirtani en_US

di wasan bidiyo-kayan aikin / archs zaži tsallake-jeri

di lokaci / zone kirtani Amurka / Eastern

Ba za buƙatar haɗi zuwa cibiyar sadarwa a lokacin da tsarin za a booted daga USB drive.

The sama sanarwa kwakwalwa gaba da cewa da manufa kwamfuta yana daya kawai rumbunka. Bugu da kari, a mafi yawan lokuta, da flash drive ne ta atomatik saki. Idan duk wannan lokacin da ka fara da farko gano rumbunka drive, za ka iya hannu shigar da wadannan umurnin: partman-auto / faifai da tsutsa-sakawa / bootdev ko tambaya zabin early_command, to ta atomatik saita na'urar don amfani.

Yadda za a kafa Debian OS

Yanzu za ka iya ci gaba kai tsaye zuwa aiki tsarin da aka ɗora Kwatancen a kan kwamfuta. Duk da haka, idan ba ka so don ƙirƙirar bootable kebul na flash drive, za ka iya shigar Debian ta hanyar amfani da taya drive.

Don fara, yin kwafin ajiya na da muhimmanci fayiloli a kan kwamfutarka. Girkawa Debian a kan mashin za bukatar share dukan rumbun kwamfutarka kuma overwrite shi a sake, Yana share duk bayanan a cikin tsari. Adana muhimman bayanai a kan wani m faifai kafin fara da kafuwa.

Idan ka ba su haifar da wani flash drive, download da Debian sakawa image daga hukuma yanar gizo-gizo cewa shi ne ya dace domin ka processor gine. Idan kun kasance m abin da irin processor shigar a kwamfutarka, a zabi da image for 32-bit inji mai kwakwalwa, kamar yadda shi ne mai jituwa tare da misali 32-bit Intel ko AMD.

Record da kafuwa image zuwa CD ko DVD. Da zarar ka sauke fayil (za suna da tsawo .ISO), rubuta shi zuwa faifai ta amfani da musamman software. Yau, akwai da dama da free aikace-aikace da za su iya yin wannan aiki idan kwamfutarka yana da wani CD-R drive ko DVD-R.

Taya da kwamfuta da sababbin rubuce Disc. Bayan ka shigar da .ISO fayil zuwa faifai, wuri kafofin watsa labarai a cikin Tantancewar drive kuma zata sake farawa da kwamfuta. The inji zai kora daga faifai da zai kai ka kai tsaye zuwa ga master Debian girkawa.

Za ka iya fuskanci Debian Live daga faifai idan ake so. Debian OS ya hada da wani zaɓi da damar ka ka gudu ka tsarin aiki daga CD ko DVD, ba tare da overwriting rumbun kwamfutarka bayanai (wannan zabin ne ake kira Debian Live). Zabi wannan zabin a Saita Wizard idan kana so ka duba fata don kammala kafuwa. Lura cewa yi zai zama quite low lokacin da ka gudu da wannan zabin.

Shigar Debian, daidai da umarnin na shigarwa maye. Lokacin da kana shirye ka fara cikakken kaya, bi da kafuwa mayen kuma sa saituna na tsarin aiki a nufin. Za a ba da damar gudanar da wuya faifai partitions idan kana so ka gudu Debian tare da wani tsarin aiki, kamar Microsoft Windows.

Idan saboda wasu dalilai ba za ka iya saukewa kuma shigar da kanka shigarwa images, za ka iya samun wani taya faifai a kan shafin. Girkawa Debian iya daukar dan lokaci, don haka shi ne mafi kyau a yi wasu abubuwa yayin da ka jira cikin download.