Tricks - shi ne mai kimiyya, sihiri, ko sihiri?

Tricks - yana da wani nishadi da kuma witty wuyar warwarewa da cewa masu sauraro za su yanke shawara a tsaga biyu. Domin Shari'a, na Genre na bukatar sauri, nan take. The masu sauraro ba shi da lokacin da za a gane abin da suka gani. Daya sihiri bi wasu, kuma ga alama cewa saba da kyau-kafa duniya domin an niƙẽwa karkashin matsin da m m-canje.

A farko mayar da hankali (Ancient Misira)

Rocks a gāɓar kogin Nilu da ya sassaka a cikin su a game da 1260 BC. e. Haikalin Abu Simbel ... Yana za a iya gani da farko mafarki na na'urar, wanda aka sani ga mutane. Sau biyu a shekara, a kan ranar haihuwar kuma a kan rana ta Accession a kan karaga, kuma ya bayyana a cikin Fir'auna Ramses II. The m yanayi, daruruwan mutane jiran wata mu'ujiza, haikali firistoci karanta tsoho lokatai da sambatu. Sun kira a kan rana hutu, ta hanyar da girgije, sa'an bayyanãwa da mutãnen Fir'auna. Kuma da mu'ujiza ya faru. A lokacin da ya dace, kamar yadda idan a cikin biyayya da firistoci, da QFontDatabase ray na hasken rana ya keta kunkuntar bude kofa, da samun a cikin wani low kuma duhu dakin da kuma hasken wuta ne a cikin duhu adadi m.

Mun bayyana bikin na zamanin d papyri. Amsar wannan asiri, masu bincike sun iya samun kawai tsoho wayewa a karni na ashirin. Prehistoric gine-ginen san daidai inda kuma a wani lokaci a lokacin bikin za a mafitar rãnã faifai. Sun kasance iya shiryar da motsi na da rana bisa ga ƙofofin Haikalin, ta hanyar abin da katako shiga cikin dakin da kuma cikin dakin, a cikinsa akwai Ramses II. A sakamakon wannan mafarki mai ban mamaki ya kasance - 'yan kasa da gaske imani da cewa haske da kanta nuna wa shugaban.

Wannan tarihi al'amari iya ba daya daga cikin yiwu amsoshin wannan tambaya: "Abin da yake mayar da hankali?" Watakila wannan shi ne yin amfani da data kasance ilmi domin cimma da ake so sakamakon! Wannan amsar ne quite m.

Manipulators na Ancient Girka

firistoci sufi kawayeniya iya ba zama kada a gane shi. A zamanin d Girka, masihirta sun kasance a cikin sau da Greco-Persian yaƙe-yaƙe. Amma da suka nuna su art ba a cikin haikali, da kuma wani fairground. Abin mamaki, a cikin rubuce-rubucen na nahawu da rhetorician Alciphron (III karni BC. E.) Akwai ambaci wani abin zamba, da zai ga wannan rana. A cikin littafinsa, ya bayyana yadda a yawo masihirci sa saukar da uku da kofuna waɗanda kuma sa duwatsu uku. Wuce yarda koma pebbles - bayyana a karkashin daya kofin, sa'an nan bace, kuma sun kasance bakinka juggler. Kuma a sa'an nan gaba daya bace, amma illusionist fara fita daga Aljihuna, kunnuwa ko kuma gashi kallo. The masu sauraro dariya da mamaki sirri artist, domin mayar da hankali - shi ne, na farko, witty da kuma nishadi spectacle.

A mafarki na kimiyya da quackery

Development of mafarki na art a na da Turai tafi gefe da gefe da gaba daya kimiyya gwaje-gwajen. Babu daya ne daban-daban, inda sihiri da kuma charlatanism, da kuma inda gwaje-gwajen a cikin sunadarai da kimiyyan gani da hasken wuta. Wannan ya yi da mutane da yawa da suka shahara da sunayen sun tsira. Shahararren astrologer da bõka Mishel Nostradamus (1503-1566) ba su yi shakka yi dabaru. Wannan, ba shakka, ta ƙara da mataki na da tasiri a kan mai saukin kamuwa zuwa mu'ujizai da m mamaki daga cikin jama'a. Kiyaye bayanin Tantancewar kwarewa wanda ya nuna babban sufi. Ta hanyar bude a cikin rufi panel aka saukar da saukar mataimakansa yar tsana, kuma aka sa'an nan tãyar da baya da kuma rufe ƙyanƙyashe. Kallo kallo da shi ta hanyar kunkuntar tsaguwa a bango, wanda aka saka a m triangular Prism. Ta ba da "jefa" sakamako. Yana da jũna da cewa 'yar tsana da yakan daga ƙasa, kuma a can vuya. Masu kallo sa'an nan shigar a cikin dakin, da kuma sun yi bincike cikin bene. Amma shi da aka yi na dutse, da kuma ina da wani asiri hatches shi rasa.

Nuna a cikin ayyukan art

Popularity Mafarki nuna ya zama haka m, a tsakiyar shekaru daban-daban, mutane da yawa marubuta da kuma artists iya ba watsi da wannan topic. Sun nuna a cikin aikinsa wasu abubuwa dake dauke da abubuwa da maita, ko sihiri dabaru. Science, sihiri ko art - yana da wuya a bayar da wata gajeruwar definition wannan sabon abu. Amma ba za ka iya ganin su da tasiri a cikin na da al'ada a cikin sanannun gargajiya ayyukansu.

Dutch artist Piter Breygel Dattijon (c. 1525-1569) a kan daya daga cikin zane-zane da aka nuna da kifar da masihirci daga kursiyin. Roving aikatawa aka wanda aka nuna a kan zane a cikin sunan Shaidanu. Wani Dutchman, Ieronim Boskh (1450-1516), a cikin aikinsa kuma na nufin siffar yawo jugglers, masihirta da masihirta.

Gwani na da al'ada Goethe (1749-1832) a cikin "Faust" kuma siffanta da sihiri hoto na tsakiyar zamanai. Wine cewa gushes daga tebur da kuma fitilu, 'yanci daga kangin Margarita. Headless, dauke a hannun ciwo mai tsananin shugaban. Dukan waɗannan dabaru sune tushen da sharhin na artists nuna dabaru. Mene ne su fake da roko ga wannan lokaci mai tsawo? A fili, da mutane ta sha'awar shiga cikin asiri, kuma indestructible addini a al'ajiban.

Shigar azzakari cikin farji a Rasha

A farko tsanani mafarki nuna a Rasha da aka gudanar tare da sa hannu na waje bako aikatawa. Su da aka gudanar a cikin manyan sinimomi na lokaci. A Moscow shi ne filin wasa na Maly gidan wasan kwaikwayo, da kuma St. Petersburg waje kawayeniya aka nuna a kan mataki na Alexander Theater. By wannan lokaci da mafarki na art aka canza. Yana suka yadu amfani da fasaha sababbin abubuwa na lokaci. Tafi ne kwanaki lokacin da yawa sihiri da masihirta suka cheap fairground wasanni. By duk yana nufin suka zana da jama'a da ra'ayin cewa da mayar da hankali - wannan shi ne tsanani.

Harkokin waje na bako aikatawa a Rasha

Musamman cikakken da zanga-zangar a Rasha irin Ganin cewa sun XIX karni. Mutane da yawa daga cikin artists kasance, haƙĩƙa, mai girma Masters na salo.

Karl Hermann - sanannen wakilin iyali na Turai masihirta. Ya kasance m, a lokacin da nuna wani yawa na wasa da kuma juya a cikin masu kallo na mataimakansa. A daidai wannan lokaci ya kasance daya daga cikin na farko wanda ya fara yin amfani da wani babban mafarki na kayan aiki. Ya sharhin wani abin zamba, "The Boy a cikin iska" - singer jingina masa hannu a kan wani dogon iyakacin duniya. A lokaci guda ƙafafunsa sun kashe ƙasa. A request daga cikin masu sauraro daga wannan kwalban actor ya aka zuba wani iri-iri drinks - madara ga shampen.

Carl Mekgold zo a kan yawon shakatawa a birnin Moscow, ya lashe sauraro haka da cewa jaridu na lokaci idan aka kwatanta shi da Schiller da Mozart a cikin art. A cikin hannãyen wani artist jan tsabar kudin juya a cikin wani rana, wanda, bi da bi, ya zama Canary. The masu sauraro ya ba da artist Scarves, Watches, kayan ado. Dukkan wadannan abubuwa bayyana a goge, wanda sun rataye a kan bango a cikin rufaffiyar hali.

Ya cinye ta da yaki da wuya jama'a sihiri da sihiri Bartolomeo Bosco. Ya wakilci na Masar sihiri sa wani flurry na m martani. A actor ya bayyana a gaban masu sauraro, a wani kwat da wando sleeveless. Duk da jingina su yi amfani da shi ne musamman sauki - bude allunan a kan bakin ciki kafafu, babu tablecloths, a cikin abin da shi yiwuwa a boye wani abu. Yana da jũna da cewa abubuwa da gaske zo da tafi, a cikin biyayya ga fatawar na artist. The masu sauraro amince a wani gagarimin ra'ayin cewa gwaje-gwajen da nuna Bosco (dabaru) - yana da sihiri.

A farko Rasha masihirta

Kada jinkirta daga kasashen waje da takwarorinsu da kuma Rasha jugglers. Tarihi ya adana sunayen wasu daga cikinsu. A 1828, domin Rogozhskaya Gate ya fagen fama don baiting dabbobi. Akwai bayyana daya Karasev - ya nuna "m inji gwaje-gwajen." Karkashin kulawa da masu sauraro mai yi da aka boye a wani akwatin manual chronometer, amma ya bace. A-gizo sa'o'i bayyana tsuntsu. Tucked tafi a cikin wannan aljihun tebur kayan ado samu a cikin aljihu na wani kallo.

A wani amphitheater a Tver ƙofar, ya yi magana masihirci Solovyov. A Poster, ya kira kansa "fireproof mutum." Ya gwajen (stunts) sun aka hade da wuta.

A 1835, wani tsohon makaniki Nikulin ya nuna sihiri yi a Maly wasan kwaikwayo a Moscow. Sana'a, ya dauki amfani da dama kai-sanya shows Mafarki na'urorin. Kuma mun zo saukar da bayanai game da wasan kwaikwayon a daidai wannan lokacin na Rasha masihirta kamar yadda Kuparenko, Vasiliy Korchagin da kuma Ivan Martin.

Ko da yake yana da muhimmanci a lura da cewa wasan kwaikwayon na homegrown artists Rasha jama'a tsinkayen colder fiye da gabatar da su waje abokan aiki. Rasha kamus daidai da ra'ayi da wannan irin art a Rasha ta cikin ma'anar kalmar "hankali" - antics, da ruɗewa, yaudara.

A Soviet lokaci

Ba tare da wani shakka, cikin mafi iko ci gaba ya kasance cikin mafarki na art a cikin tarayyar Soviet. Mafarki haifar da sabon jan hankali da kuma kananan dakunan. A hankali tafi flashy waje sunayen, wanda bisa ga al'ada dauki kansa Rasha masihirta. Yana canja tunanin zuwa artists, da kuma fahimtar abin da mayar da hankali ne. Sihiri da kuma sufi bango wannan sabon abu a baya. A mafi kyau wakilan da Genre alama kira kallo don wasan da ya ce: "Yanzu za ka iya yaudare, amma za ka iya iya bayyana rikici."

Irin wannan artists hada sanannen illusionist E. T. Kio, mace ta farko Soviet illyuzionistku Kleo Doroti (Claudia Karasik). Hadisin amfani a cikin mafarki na'urori brilliantly ci gaba Anatoliy Sokol. Otar Ratiani halitta wani asali janye "Invisible Man," bisa labari da HG Wells. Wani fitacciyar illusionary scores Soviet circus - "Ruwa extravaganza" Ilya Simvolokova. Kuma a karshe magana na Anatoly Mataki-Novozhilova a circus fagen fama bayyana eared dukan filin na hatsin rai da kuma jama'a raye-raye. Artists na Soviet circus ba kawai conjure - su ci gaba da art, yin ta zamantakewa da kuma Topical.

Ayyukan al'ajibai ba su zo ga ƙarshe

To, abin da yake da janye, wanda kawo sihiri dabaru? The sihiri da hannuwansu iya yin daya - a fili, a cewa su shahararsa da kuma tsawon rai. Bayan duk, ba dole ba ne ya zama kwararren artist-sihiri masani. A manyan yawan da samuwa adabi sa ya yiwu a Master da sauki amma tasiri dabaru. Kuma babbar jingina ga wannan ba bukatar - a bene na cards, wani zanen aljihu, 'yan tsabar kudi ko beads. A rudarwa idanu na masu sauraro, kamar lokacin da na'ura, iya canja wurin artist for millennia baya ƙarni. Yana da haka tsoho Masarawa dube mu'ujizai faruwa a cikin haikali Fir'auna Ramses a 1260 BC.