Urogenital schistosomiasis: jiyya, ganewar asali, cututtuka

Schistosomiasis - a kullum cutar lalacewa ta hanyar aiki da harshen damo a cikin jikin mutum na parasitic tsutsotsi. A kowace shekara, da lura da wannan cuta ake bukata domin fiye da mutane miliyan 200.

janar bayanai

Schistosomiasis - shi ne mai tsanani cuta tsokane ta jini flukes na HALITTAR Schistosoma. A lokacin gabatarwar a cikin jiki na parasites a cikin mutane dermatitis bayyana wanda daga baya wuya da zazzabi, maye, hanji rauni na genitourinary tsarin, ko kai tsaye. The asibiti hoto a wannan harka shi ne saboda ci gaban immunoallergic dauki zuwa qwai flukes.

A parasites shiga jikin mutum, kamar yadda mai mulkin, yayin da ya fi na kowa m ko masana'antu aiki a sakamakon lamba tare da ruwa gurbata da su. Yara na matashi da matasa da yara ne mafi saukin kamuwa da cuta saboda ba yarda da asali dokoki na sirri kiwon lafiya ko wanka a datti ruwa. The World Health Organization ne rayayye fafitikar da wannan matsala, gudanar da wani m lura sau da yawa a shekara.

Total rarrabe biyu siffofin schistosomiasis: da na hanji da kuma urogenital. Wannan game da karshe da muka tattauna a zurfafe a cikin wannan labarin.

Mene ne urogenital schistosomiasis?

Wannan cuta helminthic yanayi da primary rauni na genitourinary tsarin. Wannan Pathology ne na kowa a Arewacin Afrika, Misira, Saudi Arabia, Lebanon da Syria. A kasar mu akwai wani dace muhalli da yanayi domin rayuwa na schistosomes.

Kamuwa faruwa ta kai tsaye lamba tare da ruwa, a cikinsa wadannan parasites rayuwa. Bayan da gabatarwar a cikin jikin mutum a wani kamuwa da hankali tasowa wani rashin lafiyan dauki a cikin nau'i na itching, kurji. A lokacin hijirarsa da tsutsotsi a cikin jikin akwai wani janar malaise, zazzabi, ciwon kai. Yana halin da irin wannan fasali da kuma urogenital schistosomiasis.

dalilai

Alamun bayyana nan da nan bayan ingestion na m Schistosoma haematobium. namiji maraƙi tsawon bai wuce 15 mm. A gaban wani ɓangare yana da wani cylindrical siffar, located a kanta a jam'i na tsotsa kofuna. mace maraƙi tsawon har zuwa 20 mm.

The m ratsa cikin fata na swimmers / aiki mutane a cikin ruwa. Kuma aka sani lokuta na kamuwa da cuta bayan amfani da unsafe ruwan sha. Ta hanyar jini da kuma ko da lymphatic Schistosoma haematobium rushes da pelvic gabobin, wanda kayansa mãsu qwai a cikin lumen na jijiya. Sa'an nan sũ, sun kasance ta hanyar da jijiyoyin bugun gini bango na shiga cikin membrane na mafitsara, da kuma a wasu lokuta, da kuma a cikin al'aurar. Daga can baya a cikin fitsari ana fita. Masana kimiyya bayar da shawarar cewa qwai da wadannan parasites kuma za a iya daukar kwayar cutar a lokacin jima'i.

The mazaunan epidemiologically m yankunan wadannan parasites za a iya samu a cikin al'aurar. Duk da haka, wadanda gwani a cikin art iya ba tukuna tabbatar da wata kungiy a tsakanin maras wata-wata zubar da ciki da kuma na ayyuka da tsutsotsi.

Suna iya rayuwa tsakanin uku kuma har zuwa game da shekaru 10 a cikin jiki. lokuta inda m qwai da aka rubuta da aka canjawa wuri ta lamba mutum, kamu game da 30 da suka wuce.

A pathogenesis da cutar

Urogenital schistosomiasis - mai matukar ban sha'awa da cutar, wanda ya kullum ja hankalin masana kimiyya a duniya. Kamuwa ya auku a lokacin kai tsaye adam lamba tare da infested ruwa. A pathogenesis da wannan cuta ne mai guba da kuma rashin lafiyan halayen sakamakon rushewar da sharar gida kayayyakin na helminths. Fata a kusa da wurin gabatarwar da larvae ci gaba edema, da kuma a cikin shakka daga su hijirarsa kafa da ake kira infiltrates kunsha da farko na leukocytes da lymphocytes.

M qwai "rayuwa" wasu da ci gaban sake zagayowar a cikin jiki kilam up saukarwa cercariae, wanda riga ya shiga cikin jikin mutum ta hanyar fata. Ga nunarsa sosai da sauri da kuma zama riga shistosomuly. Sa'an nan kuma, parasites shiga da na gefe jijiyoyinmu inda sannu a hankali regenerate a balagagge mutane. Hadu mãtã waɗanda aka aika zuwa da gabobin da urogenital tsarin, sa qwai a nan. Wasu daga cikin su suna kasaftawa a cikin fitsari da kuma tumbi kai tsaye a cikin muhalli.

epidemiology

Urogenital schistosomiasis ne rarraba, yafi a subtropical da kuma wurare masu zafi da wuraren, hana high quality-ruwa da isasshen dubagari zauna. A cewar masana, a halin yanzu game da 90% na mutanen da tare da wannan ganewar asali ake samu a nahiyar Afirka.

Haka kuma cutar rinjayar, kamar yadda mai mulkin, matalauta yankunan karkara. A gaskiya jima'i, ta amfani da gurbatacen ruwa a cikin gida, kuma su a hadarin. Urogenital schistosomiasis a yara da kuma matasa a cikin wadannan yankuna ne ba da wani togiya. Saboda matalauta kiwon lafiya da kuma na yau da kullum lamba tare da gurbata ruwa yayin da iyo, su ne musamman m ga rashin lafiya.

Dindindin hijirarsa da kuma 'yan gudun hijira ƙungiyoyi inganta shigar azzakari cikin farji da cutar zuwa sabon yankunan. Tare da kara so mutane dandana wanda ba a sani kasashe suna ƙara kamu da cutar a tsakanin masu yawon shakatawa a yau.

asibiti hoto

Wanda aka halin ãyõyin urogenital schistosomiasis (cututtuka)? Kuma magani, da kuma ganewar asali da cuta ne ba zai yiwu ba tare da gaban halayyar asibiti hoto.

A talakawan shiryawa zamani ne tsakanin 10 da 12 makonni. A lokacin shigar azzakari cikin farji daga cikin m ta hanyar fata na da wani mutum kula da kadan rashin jin daɗi, kamar prick da allura. A lokacin hijirarsa da tsutsotsi a ko'ina cikin jiki tasowa wani rashin lafiyan dauki a cikin nau'i na dermatitis mai tsanani itching, rashes. Har ila yau, akwai cututtuka da maye (da ciwon kai, anorexia, wuce kima sweating). A wasu lokuta, da hanta da saifa ya karu a size. Duk da haka, ba ko da yaushe tare da bayyanar cututtuka irin urogenital schistosomiasis. Alamun wannan cuta, sai dai mataki na su mai tsanani dogara a kan mutum laulayi da kuma mai tsanani na mutum infestation.

A ƙarshen m da kuma farkon kullum matakai na cutar sau da yawa bayyana hematuria, wanda yana tare da a saki jini a lokacin urination. Marasa lafiya yawanci koka malaise, zazzabi har zuwa 37 digiri, mafitsara zafi wuri wuri. Bugu da kari, m ƙaruwa a cikin size na hanta da saifa. Wadannan cututtuka suna hade da gabatarwar parasites a jikin tattausan kashin.

A lokacin da nassi daga cikin qwai ta bango cikin mafitsara may zama petechial hemorrhages da hyperemia na mucous membrane. Saboda irin wannan inji lalacewar da pathological aiwatar sau da yawa dangantaka kamuwa da cuta, wanda entails ci gaban cystitis. Kumburi iya yada up da ureter kai tsaye zuwa kodan.

Urogenital schistosomiasis idan ya bar untreated iya zama na kullum mataki. ureteral raunuka an halin da rage a su distal sassa, wadda take kaiwa zuwa stagnation na fitsari dutse samuwar da kuma ci gaban pyelonephritis. Late mataki cuta halin bayyanar fibrosis nama da kuma sashin jiki calcification. A wannan irin halin da ake ciki helminth qwai sha calcification. A siffar cikin mafitsara canje-canje, ta ƙara intravesical matsa lamba. A musamman tsanani lokuta, schistosomiasis iya kai wa ga tawaya, kuma ko da wanda bai kai ba mutuwa.

A maza, da Pathology ne sau da yawa tare da fibrosis na seminiferous tubules, da kuma adalci jima'i - mahara ulcerations na farji mucosa.

ganewar asali

Urinary schistosomiasis fitarwa yi dangane da asibiti data (urticaria, wani rauni, malaise, dizuricheskie cuta).

A cewar masana, mafi tsanani m qwai excreted a cikin fitsari a kusa da tsakar rana. Duk da haka, su ganewa yawanci karatu kullum fitsari samfurin. Ta husũma da farko a cikin high bankuna, bayan wani cushe ruwa ne drained, da kuma precipitate aka centrifuged. Sa'an nan, a precipitate mikrosporiya. Tabbatas da kasancewar a cikin fitsari na larvae ne da za'ayi a cewar wani irin makirci.

A wasu lokuta, ku likita iya rubũta a biopsy yanki na mafitsara mucosa. Bugu da ƙari kuma, cystoscopy da radiography ake amfani da su tantance jihar da urogenital fili. Irin wannan bincike hanyoyin iya gane thinning na jini, da nakasawa da bãkunansu na ureters, polypous sprawl.

da ake bukata far

Magani da kuma rigakafin schistosomiasis za'ayi na musamman a asibiti saituna. Marasa lafiya yawanci shawarar "Praziquantel" ko "Azinoks" a kullum kashi na 40 MG / kg sau biyu a lokacin da rana. A tasiri na wadannan kudi, bisa ga masana, shi ne 80-95%. Muhimmanci a lura da wannan cuta nasa ne symptomatic far don inganta wasan kwaikwayon na ciki sashin jiki da tsarin. A cikin hali na sakandare kamuwa maganin rigakafi aka nada. A tsanani cirrhosis, polyposis shawarar tiyata.

Lura cewa "Praziquantel" shi ne wani tasiri da kuma a lokaci guda low-cost miyagun ƙwayoyi da cewa shi ne iya kayar da duk schistosomiasis (bilharzia). Wannan yana nufin magani ne ma ya nuna ga yara da kuma matasa. Duk da cewa bayan da hanya na lura akwai damar da sake kamuwa da cuta, da hadarin tasowa mai tsanani nau'i na cutar ne har yanzu yiwu don rage kuma ko da hana.

Hasashen amfani da sama-aka bayyana a shirye-shirye ne kullum m.

zai yiwu rikitarwa

An muhimmanci sharadin da yaki da wannan cuta ne farkon magani. Urogenital schistosomiasis, in ba haka ba ya razana ci gaban da wani sosai m rikitarwa. Wadannan sun hada da wadannan cututtuka: pyelonephritis, na kullum na koda gazawar. Bugu da kari, wannan Pathology aka dauke a gaskiya precancerous, kamar yadda a kan bango na kullum kumburi sau da yawa ci gaba squamous cell sankara na mafitsara.

m matakan

Yadda za a hana urogenital schistosomiasis? Zalunta haddasawa, bayyanar cututtuka da cutar da aka bayyana a sama a cikin wannan labarin. Kasa ne babban matakan da kareshi.

1. Dace ganewa da kuma m jiyya a asibiti marasa lafiya.
2. Hana shigar azzakari cikin farji na schistosome qwai a cikin ruwa.
3. Halakar Shellfish da molluscicides.
4. Amfani da musamman ban ruwa tsarin.
5. Saka tufafin kariya a lokacin kai tsaye lamba tare da gurbata ruwa.
6. Ruwa magani (tacewa, tafasar) kafin amfani.
7. Magance tafkunan da yara, kuma ya halaka Shellfish.
8. Karkasa samar da ruwa yankuna.
9. Active kiwon lafiya da ilimi ga jama'a da ke zaune a kasashen su yankuna.

Musamman da hankali ne shawarar ba da yawon bude ido da suka fito daga yankunan inda kowa urogenital schistosomiasis. Alamun kamata faɗakar da kowa da kowa. Wannan ne bayyananne dalili ga makõma zuwa dace gwani. Iyakar hanyar hana yaduwar cutar, kuma a zahiri ajiye rai.

WHO dabarun magance wannan cuta musamman da nufin rage abin da ya faru na lura shi ne ta hanyar lokaci-lokaci "Praziquantel". Wannan irin far da ake nufi ga dukkan mutane a hadarin (waɗanda suka zauna a endemic yankunan).

A mita na irin wannan magani dogara kawai a kan ruwan dare daga kamuwa da cuta. A yankunan da high matakan da cutar watsa ne sau da yawa ake bukata shekara-shekara maimaitawa daga cikin shakka daga far, da kuma shekaru da dama.

Samarwa magani iya shawo kan bilharzia urogenital tsarin a farkon matakai da kuma hana ta canji a cikin wani na kullum fom in mutane riga kamuwa. A halin yanzu, babban cikas ga aiwatar da shirin da aka bayyana a sama shine dama mai iyaka ga magunguna, amma, "Praziquantel". A cewar rahotanni, a shekarar 2012 ya samu ne kawai 14% na mutanen da suka bukata magani.

ƙarshe

Wannan labarin da aka bayar tare da bayani a kan "Urinary schistosomiasis: haddasawa, cututtuka da bincike da kuma magani." WHO masana suna rayayye aiki a kan al'amurran da suka shafi na rigakafin sakaci a wurare masu zafi da cututtuka na zamani al'umma, da suka hada da Pathology aka bayyana ta da mu. Duk da dukan iri-iri na ailments, suna da na kowa siffofin suke taimaka musu consistently bayyana a talauci.

Schistosomiasis - shi ne mai tsanani cutar da cewa a kowace shekara ana bincikar lafiya fiye da sau da yawa. Duk da haka, yarda da na farko dokoki na kiwon lafiya, da kuma farkon magani damar zuwa manta game da wannan matsala har abada.

Muna fatan cewa duk bayar bayanai a wannan labarin zai bayyana a gare ku zuwa ga zahiri zama da amfani. Zauna lafiya!