Wanda ya kira: "Mai Martaba"? Table of Ranks

"Mai Martaba" - wani nau'i na izini magani, wanda ya yi daidai da na uku da na hudu sa sahu, ya gabatar da Bitrus da Great a 1722. Wannan magani tsawon kusan karni biyu a Rasha da kuma aka soke kawai bayan juyin juya hali a 1917. A duniya ta yau, "Mai Martaba" da ake amfani da su koma zuwa daban-daban da wakilan gwamnatin, idan dace a cikin nau'i na wani jami'in wasika da kuma tambaya kai tsaye zuwa ga mai karɓa kuma lakabinsa.

Tuntužar azuzuwan bisa ga darajõji

Janairu 24, 1722 by umurnin Peter Mai girma da aka kafa zakara wanda ba a bayyana rarraba da darajõji a cikin goma sha hudu da azuzuwan. Kowace daga cikin goma sha hudu da azuzuwan corresponded zuwa daya daga cikin biyar na dokokin ƙa'idar Rokon da Bugu da kari, a nan wakilin your, su, ya, ta,

1. "Martaba" - wani roko da darajõji daga cikin na farko da na biyu azuzuwan. A cikin "Table of Ranks" - shi ne mafi girman darajõji.
2. "Martaba" - tunani da na uku da na hudu azuzuwan.
3. "Karimci, ya tsarkaka" - a cikin layi tare da biyar aji.
4. "Martaba" - na shida da na takwas maki.
5. "Karimci, ya tsarkaka" - daga tara zuwa goma sha huɗu aji.

A cikin "Table", akwai 262 matsayi. A da soja (da sojojin da sojojin ruwa), ƙungiyoyin (da wani farar hula) da majalisarsa. Dukkan su sun kasu kashi azuzuwan, wanda aka ƙaddara a cikin yakin da sabis matsayi.

Jiyya ba a ambace shi a cikin "Table of Ranks"

Bugu da kari ga lakabi bayar a kan tebur, akwai mutum Rokon da wakilan da na sarki iyali da kuma nobility, kamar:

1. Na mallaka girman.
2. Mallaka Martaba.
3. Martaba.
4. Grace.
5. Martaba.
6. Karimci, ya tsarkaka.

Har ila yau, musamman buƙatun da aka sanya don malamai. Bisa ga hawa domin na matsayi, da limaman da ake kira "Reverend", "Ka ji tsoron," "Martaba" da "Your Jagoran", bi da bi.

Tarihi daga Littãfi yanã sãmunsu

"Table of Ranks" an halitta a matsayin wata hadade tsarin gabatarwa a daraja, a Tsarist Rasha. Bisa ga "Table" tsarin da aka kafa, da kuma rarraba mukamai domin na yawan shekaru. Kafin littafin na wancan al'amarin sun bit na littafin, wanda ya rubuta a littafinsa, daga alƙawura. Wadannan littattafai da aka sanya tun zamanin mulkin Ivana Groznogo da Bitrus da Great soke.

A karkashin zato na masana tarihi, da ra'ayin wani "Table of Ranks" mallakar Leibniz. Dalili na cikin Littãfin hõrarru kama dokoki a wasu kasashen Turai. Tsar Peter aka kaina da hannu a tace "Table." A hukuncin da aka sanya hannu bayan da la'akari da ta majalisar dattijai, kazalika a cikin soja da kuma a cikin Admiralty Board.

description umurnin

Kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama, da "rahoton katin" ya da wata doka bisa ga abin da 262 farar hula, da sojoji da kuma kotun posts aka kasu kashi 14 azuzuwan. Bayan wani lokaci, wasu mukamai da aka cire daga "Table" kuma an gaba daya shafe ta da karshen karni na sha takwas. Adari kunshi jami'an kai tsaye jadawalai na azuzuwan da goma sha tara Bayani sakin.

A sakamakon da "Table" shi ne na yau da kullum kau na zamanin d Rasha jami'ai. Bugu da kari, da yiwuwar samun wani mafi girma da matsayi shi ne kawai godiya ga sirri yawan shekaru, da ake kira "uba daraja" mafi bai hana kome ba. Da littafin da umurnin kai ga division na hereditary nobility, nasara bisa ga irinsu, da kuma masu zaman kansu, vysluzhennoe ko koka. Saboda haka, "Table" sanya shi yiwuwa a kara da daraja daga cikin mutanen da suka ba gada da wani babban suna, amma bayyana kansu a cikin sabis. Hereditary noblemen a lokaci guda da aka hana da yawa gata. Lalle, wannan ya na da wani tasiri a kan ci gaban da Rasha Empire.

Yana da muhimmanci a lura da cewa samun wani mafi girma da take ya yiwu ne kawai a karkashin yanayin da cewa mutum professes da bangaskiyar Kirista. A lakabi na da yawa daga cikin Tatar shugabanninmu, zuriyar Golden taro murzas sauran a Musulunci, ba su gane idan dai ba su tafi ba ga Orthodox bangaskiya.

"Mai Martaba" - wani roko da wanda?

A Tsarist Rasha roko ga mutumin corresponded zuwa post shagaltar da shi. Take hakkin da wannan tsari da aka azabtar da wani lafiya, kamar yadda aka ambata a cikin daya daga cikin "Table" abubuwa. Karžar "Mai Martaba" a Tsarist Rasha aka jawabi ga matsayi na uku da na hudu maki.

A cewar Peter ta "Table", da uku aji dace da shida kotun jami'an, daya da wani farar hula, hudu soja da kuma biyu na sojan ruwa daraja. A karo na hudu aji hada biyu fararen hula, daya courtier, hudu sojojin da biyu sojojin ruwa post. A soja mukamansu shi ne janar ta ofishin a cikin State - m shawara.

Duk wadannan wurare ya kamata mu bi da shi kamar yadda "Mai Martaba." Wannan mulki na jawabin Da'a zauna a Rasha har 1917. Bayan juyin juya halin da kuma canji na ikon wannan aikace-aikace da aka soke, da za a maye gurbinsu da adireshin "Mister."

Jawabin Da'a a yau

A ranar, da adireshin "Mai Martaba," kuma yana da aikace-aikace. An sau da yawa amfani da daban-daban iri diplomasiyya rubutu. By diplomasiyya takardun hada da sirri da kuma fi'ili bayanin kula da sauransu. Saboda muhimmancin da waɗanda takardun da ake dauka tambaya yarjejeniya ladabi da dabara (yabo). Matsayin mai mulkin, da hadin ake amfani a farko da kuma ƙarshen wasika. Wata irin wannan dabara ne wurare dabam dabam. The title of "Martaba" halatta a yi amfani da wadannan mutane:

• shugabannin kasashen waje da jihohi.
• Ministocin harkokin wajen kasashen Amurka;
• Ambassadors of kasashen waje.
• bishops da archbishops.

Wani misali na amfani da magani: "Mai Martaba, Mr. Ambassador." Yana da muhimmanci a fahimci cewa irin magani kuma ya rinjayi gida ayyuka da kuma yin amfani da sunayen sarauta a wani musamman kasar. Jiyya dogara a kan wording na diplomasiyya sautin na daftarin aiki, daga cikin so da marubucin ba a abokantaka da kuma m yanayin da wasika. Da aka fi amfani da magani ne "Dear Mr. Ambassador," "Dear Mr. ministan." Don ƙara dumi m music dace su yi amfani da karshe yabo "Gaske", "Naku da gaske".