Wasan kwaikwayo na Dionysus a Athens

A cikin wannan labarin, za mu gaya muku game da wannan ban sha'awa gini a matsayin wasan kwaikwayo na Dionysos (Athens). An located a cikin Acropolis. Ba kowa ba ne ya sani abin da Acropolis, don haka bari mu farko a takaice game da shi. Bayan da cewa zai gabatar da wasan kwaikwayo na Dionysus, photo, kuma description za ka sami wannan labarin. A gini ne, kamar yadda za ku gani, da ban sha'awa sosai. Mun kuma gabatar da tsoho Greek Allah da kansa, wanda aka sadaukar domin wannan gagarumin gini ne da tsoho Greek gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Dionysus.

acropolis

Acropolis - ne karfafa da kuma dagagge ɓangare na birnin (ba kawai a Athens amma kuma ga wasu Greek birane), wanda shi ne ma a sansanin soja na tsari da hali na yaki. Akwai yawanci mai yawa haikalin sadaukar domin daban-daban gumãka-patrons. Acropolis a Athens - wani m tudun 156 mita a tsawo, da ciwon m ganiya (game da 170 kamu da 300 - a tsawon). A nan, a tsakanin sauran wuri, shi ne wasan kwaikwayo na Dionysus a zamanin tsohuwar Girka. A zamanin da da Acropolis aka gaskiya dauke da cibiyar na Athens na ibada. A 4th karni BC. e. shi ne a nan game da daban-daban kauri procession a cikin girmamawa da wani abin bautãwa, kazalika da za'ayi da hadaya, bukata a lokacin, shi ya wasanni, halshen scenes daga rayuwar alloli.

Allah Dionysus

Dionysus aka sanshi a matsayin "abin bautawa tare da bijimin ƙahonin," kamar yadda ya so a dauka akan bayyanar da dabba. Wannan shi ne dan Zeus da Semele, da Theban gimbiya. A cewar labari, Zeus, wanda ya bayyana a walƙiya flash kafin lover, bazata incinerated ta, amma gudanar da kwace wani wanda bai kai harshen Dionysos kuma sewed shi a cikin cinya. Allah a saboda lokaci ya zama uban yaron, sa'an nan kuma ya ba da shi zuwa ga Nymphs a kan ilimi. Dionysus yawo a kusa da duniya, ya gana Ariadne, watsi da Theseus, kuma ya aure ta. Sarkin Thebes, Pentheus kokarin su ɗaure shi a kurkuku, amma Dionysus mai tsanani azabtar da shi domin domin maenads tsãge shi gunduwa gunduwa sarki tsananin sauti.

A daba na Dionysus

Masu bincike suna karkata zuwa ce cewa sadaukarwa na wannan Allah ya Eastern asalin. Ya kasance a Girka yada yawa daga baya fiye da sadaukarwa na gumaka. Tare da wahala, haka ma, ya kafa a nan. Sunan Dionysus za a iya samu ko da a kan tasirin da suka shafi kamar zuwa 14th karni BC, amma daba na popularization aka za'ayi kawai a cikin 7-8 ƙarni BC. e., lokacin da sadaukarwa na Dionysus hankali ya fara supplant bauta wa waɗansu alloli, heroes.

Da yawa daga baya, Dionysus ya zama daya daga cikin 12 gumakan Olympus. Ya zama girmamawa a Delphi, tare da Apollo. Ya aka kishin musamman holidays a Attica, kira Diyonisiyas, ɗan majalisar. Sun hada da kauri processions, gasar da kasida, da sauransu. D. The daba na Dionysus a Hellenistic lokaci Sabazios garwaya da sadaukarwa, da Phrygian Allah, don haka ya samu da sunan barkwanci Sabazios.

A wuri mai tsarki na Dionysus a Acropolis

Peisistratus, wanda ya yi mulki a lokacin, ya da wani mai bauta da Dionysus, wanda ya zama majiɓinci saint na ruwan inabi shawara, fun, addini bugu zuwa ɗaguwar ruhaniya. Wannan bautãwa ne ma shahara kamar yadda cire da ƙuƙumma na rayuwar yau da kullum, fede daga damuwa.

A Acropolis a gefen kudu, aka gina godiya ga kokarin da gwamnan. |aki na Dionysus Elevtereya. Shi ne wani tsoho mutum-mutumi na Allahntakarsa ba, amma bayan wani lokaci sai aka yanke shawarar maye gurbin tsohon coci wani sabon daya. A tsakiyar sabon Sanctuary yanzu towered da wani sabon mutum-mutumi na Dionysus, ado da zinariya, da na hauren giwa. By umurnin Peisistratos kusa da Haikalin da aka gina dance bene. Sai ya zama da farko "tubali" a cikin Dionysus Theater ginin.

Katako, da na dutse gidan wasan kwaikwayo

Yana da aka asali gina na itace. Akwai gudanar da wasanni na bala'in da Euripides, Sophocles, Aristophanes, Aeschylus. Amma nan da nan da katako, kujeru samuwa ga jama'a, da aka gina. Sun zama dutse - mafi m da kuma abin dogara. Wannan ba abin mamaki bane. Very m of Greek wasan kwaikwayo, wanda ya zama na tsawon lokaci, ba wani ɓangare na jama'a bukukuwa da addini da kuma bikin, da kuma raba art form, tare da kansa hadisai da kuma dokoki. Wasan kwaikwayo na Dionysus a Athens (photos na wanda, a duba kasa) - shi ne mai ban sha'awa ma a yau ginin.

67 kujeru

Ban sha'awa bayanin wannan ban mamaki misali na Roman gine da ake samu a wani iri-iri na tarihi takardun. Dionysus Theater - daya daga cikin tsofaffin a duniya. Kamar yadda tarihi takardun, na farko da na jerin 67 ya ƙidaya kujeru, wanda aka sanya na rare da tsada marmara. Suka yi nufin ba ga commoners. Sun shagaltar da m wakilan nobility, wanda ya ziyarci gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Dionysus a Girka. A wasu, shi ne quite na ƙwarai, ko ya sassaka sunayen mutanen da suka yi sarauta a daban-daban lokaci na tarihi na zamanin d Girka. Yau, a wurin da wasan kwaikwayo da aka located, za ka iya ganin wadannan kujeru. Duk da haka, shi ya tsira, ba dukan su ba.

A wani kananan leji a karo na biyu jere, shi ne kujera na Hadrian, Roman Sarkin sarakuna, wanda aka yi wata babbar lover of wasan kwaikwayo art, falsafa da kuma shayari. A nan, haka ma, ina so in yi magana kadan daga baya, Nero - wani Roman sarki, wanda dukan duniya "sanannen" bad dandano. Shi ya ƙone a lokaci daya da babban birnin kasar na Roman Empire.

Features na wasan kwaikwayo na Dionysus

Bisa ga zaton da mafi archaeologists suka dauki bangare a cikin tono, da gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Dionysus iya saukar da kusan 17 da mutane dubu, okin ya halarci Theatrical mataki.

Wannan adadi ne quite negligible ta yau nagartacce, amma ya quite ban sha'awa domin lokaci, kuma ya yi game rabin adadin dukan mazaunan Athens. Wasan kwaikwayo na Dionysus, saboda da manyan size, ba su da wani rufin slabs. Kuma da masu sauraro da kuma mahalarta a lokacin gabatar sun kasance a cikin bude. Halitta haske haskaka abin da ke faruwa a kan mataki na yi, kamar yadda gidan wasan kwaikwayon na Dionysus (Girka). Hotuna gabatar a kasa da shi.

wasan kwaikwayo sake fasalin kudin

A yi da wannan sau da yawa canza ta bayyanar. Gina a 5th karni BC. e. Dionysus wasan kwaikwayo ya halartar cikin ta zama wasu canje-canje. Kamar yadda muka ce, wani katako kujera, da kuma scene aka maye gurbinsu bayan wani lokaci marmara. A cikin 1st karni AD. e., a lokacin da aka yanke shawarar, ban da Theatrical productions, kuma ku ciyar gladiatorial circus wasanni, na farko jere na wasan kwaikwayo da aka supplemented da wani baki da aka yi da baƙin ƙarfe sandunansu, kuma marmara. Yana yarda da masu kallo don duba ba tare da tsoron da yara da kuma na jini fadace-fadace. A 2nd karni, a lokacin da Nero, da Roman sarki, ya zo ikon, na maido da ginin ya kuma tabo orhestry - kusa da scene, inda da mawaka kasance. Yana da aka sanya mafi sauƙi, a Bugu da kari, shi aka yi wa ado da zane-zane da suke nuna scenes daga labari na Dionysus.

Theatrical productions na zamanin d Helenawa

Da yake jawabi na wasan kwaikwayo, da aka gudanar a zamanin da, ya kamata a lura da cewa sun kasance muhimmanci daban-daban daga yau. A zamanin tsohuwar Girka, asali jama'a iya saka idanu da ayyuka na wata daya-mutumin show, "ruwaito" a kan al'adar gwarzo, tare da mawaka. A play daga baya ya zama da hannu dama daga gare su, amma su m yiwuwa kasance sosai iyaka. Dalilin wannan shi ne cewa kowane actor ya sa a mask a nuna daya daga cikin haruffa, kuma duk da basira, ta haka ne rage ga ikon da basira da kuma competently nasu jiki da kuma murya.

Kamar yadda tsoho Helenawa bayyana ra'ayinsu game da wãsa?

Ã'a peculiar yi girman masu sauraro a lokacin. Idan yau productions kammala kukan "Bravo!" da kuma wani a tsaye ovation a taron na nasara, da kuma shirun - a taron na rashin cin nasara, a zamanin da, shi kuwa yana da daban-daban. Har ila yau, cikin sauri za mu hadu ake so yi: admiring kuwata da tafi. Amma da masu sauraro, saboda wasu dalilai, bai yarda ko fahimta Theatrical yi, ba shiru. Sun nuna ƙin yarda da m da whistles. An fushi jama'a, haka ma, zai iya jajjefe actor, m don fara wani daban-daban view. Member na Theatrical mataki ya kawo ta yardarSa, sabõda haka ya fara da wadannan misali, idan ya rayu.

Wasan kwaikwayo na Dionysus a Athens ya kai wani babban mataki ne na fiye da goma ƙarni bayan ta samu. Fara a 16-17 ƙarni gudanar a nan productions na Shakespeare wasanin kwaikwayo, kazalika da sauran upscale gabatar classicists da Elizabethans, don koyi da farko.

A mafi kyau, daga wani m ra'ayi, na abin da ya kasance a cikin kango na wasan kwaikwayo - a sculptural frieze depicting funny satire. Ya kasance a nan tun zamanin mulkin Nero.

Maido da gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Dionysus

Greek hukuma ce a yau cewa, an riga an kasaftawa ga maido da gine-gine na fiye da 6 miliyan kudin Tarayyar Turai, wanda aka tattara ba kawai ta hanyar kudade daga jihar kasafin kudin, amma tare da taimakon wani kasuwanci kungiyar a karkashin sunan "Diazoma", shahara a kasar Girka da so don adana da kuma kare tsoho Monuments na gine-gine da kuma tarihi. By tsakiyar 2015 da aka shirya don kammala sabuntawa aiki. Yana da aka shirya domin wannan lokaci, don ƙarfafa ganuwar, ƙara wasu sabbin wuraren zama tiers mayar ado abubuwa. Farfadowa da na'ura da kuma maido da irin wannan muhimmanci na tarihi abu a matsayin wasan kwaikwayo na Dionysus a Athens, aka caje Konstantinos Boletisu. Wannan Greek m vozglavivil aikin, wata katuwar a ganewar da kuma girma.

Monuments na gine-gine, dake kusa da gidan wasan kwaikwayo

Aika matafiya zuwa Girka za ku yi sha'awar sani cewa wasan kwaikwayo na Dionysus a zamanin tsohuwar Girka, kewaye da daban-daban kiyaye wannan rana Monuments. Su ma da tsoho zamanin. Wannan, misali, Atamis haikali zama majiɓinci, dukan abubuwa masu rai. An located in wani dutse overhanging da wasan kwaikwayo. Da zarar nan akwai wani ɗakin sujada na Panagia Spiliotisy (watau cikin kõgon na Our Lady). Matan da suka yi tsawo da kuma tsanani da rashin lafiya yara, suka yi kuka ga ta taimaka. Yana za a iya gani a kusa da ciwon wasan kwaikwayo na Dionysus cewa, wannan wuri shi ne tunawa, wata alama ce da nasarar da wasan kwaikwayo kungiyar a daya daga cikin bukukuwa na zamanin d Girka.

Around da gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Dionysus ne ma kango na biyu haikalin sadaukar da wannan bautãwa. Su kwanan rana 6 da 4 ƙarni BC. e. Duwatsu na da concert zauren Odeon Periklova ne dama. Wannan gini Dates baya ga shekaru 40 BC. e.