Zato Cathedral na Moscow Kremlin

Zato Cathedral na Moscow Kremlin - a halin yanzu aiki Orthodox coci. Location: Cathedral Square a Moscow. Shi ne babban haikalin jihar. Shi ne mafi gini a birnin, wanda gaba daya kiyaye su.

A takaice dai tarihi

Zato Cathedral - ne House na Virgin. A yi na Dormition Church a Rasha ya zama al'ada fara a zamanin d Kiev, inda ya kuma da Hagia Sophia gina farko Cathedral na ɗauka a Kiev-Pechersk sufi. An ce da sosai Albarka Virgin shige ta hanyar gine-ginen daga Konstantinoful zinariya ya kuma yi alkawarin rayuwa a cikin sabuwar gina haikalin.

A cikin shekaru 1326-1327, Ivan Kalita gina na farko da dutse babban coci a Moscow, a wannan wuri, sa'an nan kuma akwai ɗauka cewa Cathedral na Moscow Kremlin. Ko kafin Haikali gina Ivanom Kalitoy, wannan wuri shi ne wani tsoho Moscow Church (katako gine na XII karni).

Zato Cathedral na Moscow Kremlin shi ne babban coci a Rasha muddin hudu ƙarni. A da shi da aka lashe magaji a kan karaga, shi ne a ta an cika ta da muhimmanci jama'a ayyukan, zaɓi da Jikoki da metropolitans. Akwai mutane da yawa da sauran, babu kasa muhimmanci taron, wanda ake samar daidai ɗauka cewa Cathedral. Moscow tãyar da yawa ayyana kabila da kuma metropolitans, domin wasu na ɗauka Cathedral zama mafi kuma binne wuri. Su kaburburan suna located tare da ganuwar da haikalin.

Cathedral Architecture

A m na Cathedral na ɗauka shi ne Italian Aristotle Fioravanti, wanda musamman gayyace Ivan III. Zato Cathedral a cikin Kremlin da aka gina a 1475-1479 da misãlin zato Cathedral na XII karni a daya daga cikin tsofaffin Rasha garuruwa - Vladimir.

Main ƙofar Haikali ne mafi tsufa daga Cathedral Square. A fadi bene a ƙofar kammala picturesque portal na uku Semi-madauwari arches. Ga Shugaban Mala'iku Michael tare da mala'ikan kamar yadda idan tsaron ƙofofin don ginin babban coci. Kawai sama da baka - Figures tsarkaka, kuma daga samansu, dake nuna irin Virgin kuma Child a ta makamai. Duk da wannan - da multicolored frescoes, wanda aka cika da sosai high quality na m Rasha artists na goma sha bakwai karni, waɗanda sunayensu zauna ba a sani ba.

Tu babban coci, tsakiyar ɓangare ne rabu da bagaden, iconostasis na goma sha bakwai karni (da iconostasis yana da tsawo na game da goma sha shida mita da kuma aka rufe embossed zinariya-plated azurfa), kuma ya aka kashe game da 1652 artists, gayyace daga Triniti-Sergius sufi. Abin baƙin ciki, a 1682 akwai wata wuta a cikin coci, saboda wanda ya buga icon, amma sarauta painters (Kirill Ulanov, George Zinoviev da Tikhon Filatov) An yi nasarar sabunta. Ga mutane da yawa ƙarni, babban coci kiyaye da Rasha painters na gumaka. A mafi tsufa, tsohon icon, wanda yake a cikin babban coci - "Saint George", shi ne located dama a gaban iconostasis.

A babban coci da aka aikata hari da sojojin Faransa (War of 1812 shekara). Part na azurfa, wanda daga bisani Rasha Cossacks har yanzu kame da kuma koma kasarsa, ya ƙirƙira chandelier, wanda yanzu rataye a cibiyar.

Shi ne ma mafi tsufa abin tunawa daga Rasha Arts and Crafts tare ɗauka cewa Cathedral ne ta kudancin bakin ƙofar kofofin. Suka kawo wa babban birnin kasar na Suzdal Cathedral (wanda ake farkon karni na sha biyar). Su zinariya (a kan wani baki lacquer) sanya game da ashirin da hotuna a kan Littafi Mai Tsarki theme.

Cathedral a yanzu

Bayan da Rasha juyin juya halin na 1917, ɗauka cewa Cathedral aka canza kama zuwa gidan kayan gargajiya. Ma'aikata, samar da daukan hotuna, kokarin su kare ta ciki. Kuma a shekarar 1990 a ɗauka cewa Cathedral aka sake maido da sabis. Saboda haka, yanzu ɗauka cewa Cathedral na Moscow Kremlin yana da biyu manyan ayyuka: gidan kayan gargajiya da kuma haikalin da kanta.