A abin da shekara da aka yakin da Prince Oleg zo zuwa Kiev? effects

Bisa Tsohon Rasha jihar zauna musamman kadan bayanai. A wannan za a iya ce da ta halittawa. Amma babu daya tambayar da cewa yaƙin neman zaɓe na Prince Oleg zuwa Kiev ya dauki wuri da kuma taka muhimmiyar rawa a ha Slavic kabilu da kuma ikoki.

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Duk wanda baya gangara a tarihi karkashin sunan Olega Veschego, aka haife yiwuwa a farkon rabin na 9th karni a kan ƙasa na zamani Denmark. Ya aka ba sunan Odd da daga baya ya zama sananne a matsayin Orvar, wanda fassara a matsayin "albarku". Game da farkon shekara ba ta san wani abu. Amma ga dangantaka da Rurik, da masu bincike sun yarda cewa sun kasance bã su da alaka da jini. Duk da haka, a cewar daya version, matar Prince Efanda ya 'yar'uwarsa, da kuma a kan sauran - Oleg kansa ya dansa a dokar. Saboda wannan, kazalika da mutuntakar Odd ya zama janar da kuma jin dadin amincewa da girmamawa daga Rurik. Tare da shi, ya zo ga Ladoga da Ilmen a lokacin tsakanin 858 da kuma 862 da shekaru.

Mulki a Novgorod

Bayan Rurik ta mutuwa a 879, ya bar wani jariri, Igor. Akwai wata tambaya game da tsare. Co-regent na matasa prince wa shekaru shelar kanta (watakila ya kuma an zabe) Oleg, wadda bisa ga mafi masu bincike, zo da yaron kawunsa. A sabon sarkin ya m, kuma ya ya yi nisa-kai da tsare-tsaren. A takaice, ya shirya ya dauki iko da ƙasar da ya fi muhimmanci ciniki hanya daga "da Varangians ga Helenawa."

Yi yaƙin neman zaɓe

A gaskiya ma, ya kawo ta grand a lokacin da soja da siyasa a cikin shirin kisa, Prince Oleg dauki lokaci mai tsawo da kuma kokarin. A cikin shekara ta 882 ya ya iya tara da sojoji da yawa, kunsha ba kawai na squads Vikings da Novgorod warriors, amma kuma Krivichi na Izborsk Chud, Vesi daga Beloozero da Maryamu daga Rostov. Ya jagoranci sojojin da kansa ya zama Oleg. Domin yin ta ayyuka istinbadi, ya tare da shi zuwa Igor, wanda a wancan lokacin ya kasance kawai 5 years. Men koma Kiev a kan jirgin, wakiltar Slavic odnoderevki. Su ne sauki kwakkwance da tara, don haka da cewa irin wannan kotu iya, idan ya cancanta, ja jan daga daya kogin zuwa wani.

Route daga Vikings ga Helenawa

Route, wanda ya da za a gudanar a ranar yakin da Prince Oleg Kiev, ya da kyau a san su da shi. Ya na daga cikin cinikin hanya "daga Vikings ga Helenawa", wanda Scandinavian fatake amfani don samun to Konstantinoful. A bisa ga al'ada, da hanyar da suka wuce da Viking (Baltic) tẽku, ta hanyar da Gulf of Finland har da Neva. Sa'an nan, ya yi tafiya tare Lake Ladoga, can sama da Volkhov da Lake Ilmen. Next bi jirgin ruwan sama da kogin Lovat, kuma suka yi a jã su a cikin ja Dnieper. A karshen hanya explorers shiga jirgin ruwa a kan Pont-Sea da kai Konstantinoful. Wasu Norman yan kasuwa ci gaba da tafiya, dole, kai birnin a kan na Bahar Rum.

Prince Oleg Maris a Kiev

A farko nasarar da sojoji, wanda ya yi magana daga Novgorod, ya rinjãye Smolensk, wanda a wancan lokacin shi ne babban birnin kasar-Krivichy Slavs. A birnin mika wuya ba tare da wani yaki, kamar yadda a cikin mayakan Oleg mutane da yawa na kasa. Park dama a Smolensk "mijin da" ya na da yawan mutanen da ke biyayya ga shi, Oleg tafi a kan kuma ci birnin Ljubech mallakar kabilar yan Arewa. Wannan mataki da aka dauka a karkashin iko da Dnieper duk hanyar da t. E. ya samu daya daga cikin manyan manufofin da aka ɗauki cikinsa yakin da Prince Oleg zuwa Kiev (a cikin abin da shekara da wannan ya faru, za ka riga sani).

Askold da Dir

Gangamin Prince Oleg zuwa Kiev iya yi jinkiri, idan ya yi ba lured cikin tarkon da nan mahukuntan garin. Askold da Dir sun Rurik squads na Vikings, amma ba su kasance a cikin 'ya'yan sarakuna iyali. Da yake gwani generals, suka yi ta maimaita sanya zanga da makwabta da kuma ko "ya tafi da Konstantinoful." Bisa ga Greek tarihin, duka aka yi musu baftisma, bayan ya dawo daga Byzantine yaƙin neman zaɓe.

tarko

Domin kauce wa wani dogon kewaye na Kiev, Oleg aika wani manzo zuwa ga mahukuntan garin, wanda ya aiko kalma cewa su son saduwa da Norman yan kasuwa, wanda tare da matasa sarkin Novgorod ze tashi zuwa Girka. Askold da Dir, wanda karfafa da harkokin kasuwanci ya duniya, ba tuhumar yaudara, ya zo da bankunan na Dnieper ba tare da kariya. A halin yanzu, Oleg ya rufe kusan dukkan ta sojoji a wani kwantonsu. Da zarar Kievan shugabanni zo zuwa ga Rooks, suka kewaye ta amfani da makamai warriors. Kafin su bayyana Oleg, ya rike a Igor hannuwanku. Nuna da yaro, ya ce, cewa Askold da Dir mallaki Kiev ba tare da kasancewa 'ya'yan sarakuna ba iyali, yayin da Igor ne ɗan Rurik. Dukansu Varyag aka nan da nan pinned warriors Oleg.

A dalilai na kashe Askold da Dir

Mutumin zamani ne da wuya a gane zaluntar na Oleg da su compatriots, da suke ba makiya ba ko dai da shi ko Rurik. Duk da haka, sarkin yana da dalili mai kyau na rabu da wadannan shugabanni. Gaskiyar cewa, bisa ga tarihi, Rurik zo a sabon gida, da sojoji nẽme shi, ga izinin je "washe" Konstantinoful. Duk da haka, a kan hanyar da na su da tsare-tsaren sun canza, kuma sai suka zauna a Kiev. Tare da taimakon da ya gadi Askold da Dir da warware mazauna daga ciwon biya wani haraji ga Khazars da kuma yawaita wasu Slavic kabilu. Duk wannan ya haddasa karuwa a cikin al'amari daga cikin nobility da kowa mutane. Saboda haka, Askold da Dir sun zama abõkan tãrayya irin Rurik, da kuma wani abu mai hana aiwatar da shirin Oleg shirya don sarrafa babban cinikayya hanya a lokacin da wa'adi da babba tattalin arziki. Bugu da kari, Kievan shugabanni dogon kafin wadannan abubuwan da suka faru Kiristanci t. E. a kan idanun Vikings tawagar Novgorod prince suka kasance mutanen da suka ƙaryata game da gumakansu.

Ci na Kyiv

Warriors Askold da Dir, da kuma mazauna birnin, bar ba tare da shugabanni, da kuma ganin kafin shi a kai tsaye zuriyar Rurik na Novgorod ba su da wani juriya. Su gane ikon Igor da Oleg, da kuma karshen, tun shiga can, ya yi kira a Kiev uwar Rasha birane.

Jiki na kashe shugabanni da aka binne a kan dutse, a cikin kusanci da sabon united babban birnin jihar. Bayan da yawa shekarun da suka gabata, a kabarin Askold, kiyaye wannan rana, aka gina da Church of St .. Nicola da kuma kusa da wurin binne Dir - Church of St. Irina.

Kamar wancan ƙare yakin da Prince Oleg zuwa Kiev (shekara 882). A nasara tafi Novgorod kadan jini, da kuma ta da sakamakon da tasiri a tarihin Gabashin Turai for ƙarni da dama.

m sarautar

Location Kiev da shi shi ne musamman nasara. A birni ba kawai located a kan muhimmanci cinikayya hanyoyi na lokacin, amma kuma ba ka damar gina links tare da Crimea, Bulgaria da kuma Khazars. Oleg koma yarima ta "tebur", da barin a Novgorod magajin gari. Ƙarfafa birnin, ya fara gina gidãje, a cikin garũruwa batun shi da Slavic kabilu. Prince Oleg, mai tafiya zuwa Kiev wanda ya kasance musamman nasara, tare da taimakon da ya posadniks tattara haraji. A gwaji rabo daga tattara kudi don abun ciki da aka squads, kunsha na Varyags.

A sabon jihar da babu bayyana iyakoki da kuma ake kaiwa da komowar da harin da warlike jama'a, da yawo a cikin Wild Field. Bugu da kari, har ma da wadanda Slavic kabilu, wanda ya biya haraji ga Oleg, sau da yawa farmaki juna, da kuma sarkin da ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hukunci.

A farko nasarorin da sabuwar jiha

Kusan nan da nan bayan shiga cikin Kyiv Prince Oleg "yi yaki" a kan Drevlyane kabilar da suka rayu a cikin m gandun daji a kan bankunan na Pripyat. Suka sadu da Varangian masu gadi tare da makamai a hannunsu. Duk da haka, a cikin Battle of Kiev fito da nasara, yayin da abokan adawar su aka tilasta su biya haraji ga baki marten da sauran Jawo-qazanta dabbobi.

Har tsawon shekaru biyu ya dauki Oleg zuwa nasara da ƙasashe da kuma Dnieper Radimichi yan Arewa da suke zaune a gabashin Kiev yankin. Wadannan kabilun biya haraji ga Khazars, da abin da suka iya yi yãƙi ba kadai. Oleg tabbatar da kansa a kere jami'in diflomasiyyar. Ya nuna Radimichi da kuma 'yan Arewa biya masa haraji a musayar for kasa kariya daga Khazars. Saboda haka Prince Oleg Maris a Kiev (882) baya ya kai ga halakar da ikon da dan hanya Khan kan Slavic kabilu.

Bugu da kari, an san cewa ya ya iya ratsa ta da hurumin warlike Ugric mutane aka tilasta su bar gidajensu a kusa da Ural ƙasar saboda m clashes da Pechenegs.

A m shekaru (har zuwa 906), Oleg tsunduma a cikin kariya da kan iyakoki na jihar. Girma up Igor bai hanzarta zuwa bukaci canja wuri na dalĩli, kamar yadda mai kula da al'amari daga manya da warriors kasance ya fi yadda da cewa daga cikin matasa yarima.

A 906, Oleg tafi yaki tare da Konstantinoful da kuma gyarawa a kan ganuwar ta masa garkuwa, ya shiga cikin da dama yarjejeniyar a karfafa cinikayya da kuma samu wata babbar daya-lokaci haraji. Oleg mutu a 912. A cewar labari, a cikin hanyar mutuwarsa zama snakebite.

A sakamakon yakin da Prince Oleg zuwa Kiev

A labarai na nasarar Novgorod sauri yada ta cikin Slavic kabilu da kuma kai Rum.

The Board of Prince Oleg a Kiev ya dauki tsawon game da shekaru 24. Yana da su su ainihin Ancient Rasha ikon da aka hada da, kamar yadda aka zarar gane ikon da kabilan 'yan Arewa, glades, Drevlyane, Krivichi Ilmen Slovenes, Vyatichi, Ulichi, Radimichi da Tivertsy. A cikin manya na biyayya su mulkoki Oleg fara nada su mutane da wanda ya shirya Karkasa management na ikon halitta shi. Bugu da kari, shi ya aikata detours shekara-shekara ƙasar kafa wani ɓangare na Old Rasha jihar, wanda aza harsashin ginin da shari'a da kuma haraji tsarin.

Saboda haka, yakin da Prince Oleg zuwa Kiev (kwanan wasanni sojojinta daga Novgorod unknown) ya zama daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci abubuwan da suka faru a tarihin kasar mu. A takaice, ya kulla da daukaka na HALITTAR Rurik, wanda yake mallakar Rus har da farkon 17th karni (na karshe wakilin a kan gadon sarautar - Vasiliy Shuysky).

Yanzu, ka sani, a lokacin da akwai irin abubuwan tarihin da yadda yakin neman zabe na Prince Oleg zuwa Kiev da kuma samuwar na zamanin d Rasha jihar. Abin baƙin ciki, har zuwa yanzu zauna sosai kadan bayanai game da wannan Semi-almara hali. Duk da haka, mafi masu bincike sun yarda da cewa Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Oleg ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a Rasha tarihi.