A Italian Renaissance

Renaissance maye gurbin al'adar Turai na tsakiyar zamanai. Wannan sabon abu yana da nasa asalin a Italiya, wannan shi ne inda ta farko alamun da aka gani. A Italian Renaissance da a kan lokaci daga biyu da rabi na XIII zuwa XVII ƙarni. Ya dogara ne a kan manufa da humanism, cewa shi ne, da mutuncinsu, da mutum kyakkyawa. A wannan lokaci, zai fara samar da wata gwamnati al'adu, akwai wani kebewa daga cikin coci scholasticism da addini akidun. Culture ne anthropocentric. Kalmar "Renaissance" da aka gabatar Dzhordzho Vazari. Ya bayyana wannan lokacin a matsayin lokaci na Tarurrukan na tsufa. In ba haka ba kira a matsayin zamanin da Renaissance.

A Renaissance aka tare da wasu shawara saboda da cewa shi peaked a cikin yaki, da kuma riga a karshen su dabi'u canja da cika fuska. Fifiko ba halin kirki, da kuma kayan, akwai tsakiyar aji ci gaba, ya karu da tasiri na coci.

adabi

A m na Renaissance a Italiya an dauke su Dante Aligeri, cewa ya ya iya bayyana jigon da mutane daga wannan lokaci a cikin wani littafi, "The Divine Comedy." A cikin ayyukan da Renaissance, marubucin ya nuna da bil'adama akida, Tsarki ya tabbata m 'yancin mutum. A ciki duniya na mutumin a cikin dukan wani tunanin bambancin saukar Petrarca. Ba shi yiwuwa ba a lura da labari na Boccaccio, Machiavelli ta treatises, waqoqi na Ariosto da Tasso. Wallafe-wallafe da aka bisa ga hadisai na tsufa da kuma jama'a shayari. Yana hadawa rationality kuma poetic almarar. A kara Popularity sami comic nau'o'i. Yana da aka a wannan lokaci da aka rubuta da irin wannan shahara a duk faɗin duniya ke aiki a matsayin "Decameron", "Don Quixote."

architecture

Italian Renaissance gine ya dade bi na da al'adar, shi da aka bayyana a cikin yin amfani da Gothic abubuwa. Italian Gothic ya muhimmanci daban-daban daga cikin Gothic zuwa wasu kasashen Turai. Gine-gine da manyan, m Lines, m ganuwar da a kwance sanarwa akan abinda. Daya daga cikin shahararrun Ibada na cewa lokaci ne da coci na Santa Croce, ta gini fara da Arnolfo di Cambio a XIII karni. Gama lu'u-lu'u rustication, katako, rufi, da hadin kai na ciki sarari - duk rarrabe fasali na Haikalin.

sassaka

Renaissance art ne halin ba kawai da gabatarwar sababbin abubuwa a cikin gine-gine, amma kuma ta canje-canje a cikin sassaka, wanda a wannan lokaci na booming. Ƙara rare ne jihar da kuma m umarni. Known sculptor wancan lokacin sun Lorenzo Ghiberti, Luca della Robbia et al. Robbia, msl, shahara ga cewa ya fara tambaya glazing dabara a sassaka da kuma taimako. Ya halitta majolica busts tsarkaka, da Madonna da kuma Almasihu. A art na sculptor Karbar cancanta fitarwa daga Sahaban.

zanen

Italian Renaissance zanen ba ba tare da. An kashe a fresco dabara. The artist rubutu a kan shafen launuka a kan ruwa. A tsakiyar karni XV tartsatsi kwali da zane sanya a kan takarda ko zane. A Venice, ginin da aka ba wa ado a fresco da kyau hotuna sanya tare da man Paint. Har ila yau da Italian Renaissance ya ba da duniya da wannan irin art, a matsayin engraving. Yi engraving a karfe da kuma itace. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa Renaissance artists kusantar da hankali ga wuri mai faɗi, mutum ilmin jikin mutum, haske. A wuri mai faɗi ba kawai a backdrop, da kuma labarin kashi a cikin film.

Don babban Masters na art na Renaissance hada Brunelleschi, Verrocchio, Mantegna, Donatello, Masaccio, Botticelli da sauransu. A farko artist su nuna uku-girma, shi ne zaci ta Giotto.

Domin da masana falsafa na wannan zamanin sun hada da Nikolay Kopernik, Zhan Boden, Lorenzo Valla, Nikola Kuzansky, Niccolo Machiavelli.