A jihar ƙasa na Rasha. Area, yawan, yankuna

A jihar ƙasa - shi ne rabo na kowa terrestrial surface zo karkashin mulkin wata} asa. Yana hada da ƙasar, da subsoil, ciki da kuma yankin ruwayen (12 kilomita daga Coast), kazalika da iska sarari (a tsawon jirgin sama jirgin). Wani ãyã daga jihar ƙasa - da na kowa iyakar kasar da sauran kasashe. A cikin wannan labarin, za mu bincika daki-daki, abin da a jihar da yankin Rasha, da kuma abin da siffofin rarrabe yawan al'ummarta.

A kadan tarihi

A tarihin ƙasar Rasha an kuma ru a kowace shekara. A daban-daban sau da Rasha Federation ya canza da yawa sau da kansa iyaka. Suna kuma ru ta Bugu da kari na sabuwar ƙasar. Yana iya a lura uku lokaci na ci gaba da Rasha Federation.

Da farko lokacin - XV-XVI ƙarni. A wannan mataki, tushe kafa yankin. Created Muscovy. A wannan lokaci a cikin Moscow, ya koma Yaroslavl sarauta, Tver, Perm yankin da kuma Nizhny Novgorod.

Biyu lokaci - XVI-XVII ƙarni. A wannan mataki na jihar Rasha ƙasa kuma ru Kazan, Samara, Volgograd, Ufa, Kiev, hagu-banki Ukraine da kuma Penza.

Uku lokaci - XVIII-XIX ƙarni. A wannan mataki, da Rasha Federation zama wani daular. Gina Orenburg da Troitsk.

yankin jihar

A total Rasha yanki ne game da 12% na duniya. The Russian Federation, kazalika da Tarayyar Soviet - a jihar da cewa yana cikin mafi girma a yankin a duniya. Its mafi muni, wãtau batu - shi Vistula tofa, Big Diomede, Cape Dezhnev, wani outbuilding da Chelyuskin.

A total Rasha yanki na 17,125 murabba'in kilomita miliyan. A yau shi ne 76% na tsohon Tarayyar Soviet. Abin mamaki, a cikin ƙasa na Rasha Federation yana da fiye da dozin lokaci zones. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa, misali, da westernmost batu da kuma nesa da gabas da Meridian fiye da hudu kilomita dubu.

Rasha sassa suna located a nahiyoyin biyu. The uku na Rasha Federation ne a Turai, da kuma sauran a Asiya. Wannan ne ya sa ta bambance bambancen sauyin yanayi a cikin ƙasa na daya kasar.

A administrative rabo daga cikin ƙasa na Rasha Federation

Babban yankin Rasha an halin da kasancewar a cikin tsarin 21 na Jamhuriyar kuma 3 tarayya birane da kuma 46 yankuna. Bugu da kari, a cikin Rasha Federation akwai ma 9 yankuna da kuma 1 m jamhuriyar. Af, a 2014 a jihar ma shiga Crimean sashin. A wannan batun, Rasha yana da biyu sabon batu - shi ne Jamhuriyar Crimea da kuma tarayya birnin Sevastopol.

Iyakoki na Rasha Federation a kan taswira

Iyakoki na Rasha a duniya map - a layi da kuma izinin a kan ta a tsaye saman. Su ayyana haddi a cikin kasa ƙasa na Rasha Federation. Bisa ga taswirar duniya, Rasha yana da iyaka da 16 ƙasashe. Abin mamaki, da slowness na jihar iyaka ne a kan 50 kilomita dubu.

Shekaru biyu da suka wuce da Rasha kan iyaka a kan taswira kumbura. Tuni a cikin Satumba 2014 aka buga wata updated version of taswira tare da Crimean Larabawa, wanda wani ɓangare na Rasha biyu da suka wuce.

National abun da ke ciki na Rasha Federation. Rasha yawan

A cikin ƙasa na Rasha Federation gida a kan 100 daban-daban na kananan kabilu. Kowane halin da nasu al'adu da dabi'u. Af, da Rasha Federation da aka dauke su kabilu kasar. Babu shakka dukan mutane a Rasha da wannan 'yancin, da kuma wasu daga cikinsu da ma statehood.

A mafi yawa al'umma a Rasha Federation - shi ne Rasha. Sun yi har fiye da 80% na jimlar yawan. Rasha yawan zaune a cikin wani cikakken duk sassan kasar. Su ne 'yan Gabashin Slavs. Wannan kungiya ta hada har Belarusians da Ukrainians. Sun zauna da yamma da kuma kudancin ɓangare na kasar.

Finns, Turks da ugortsy

Har yanzu wasu mazauna Rasha - shi ne Finns. Mafi sau da yawa, sun zauna a zaman kanta gundumomi. By da Finnish kungiyar kunshi Finns, Estonians da Karelians. Sun zauna da arewa maso yammacin ɓangare na Rasha. Far Arewa da Rasha Federation zaune ugortsy. Waɗannan su ne Khanty da Mansi.

Wani yawa ilimin harsuna kungiyar cewa na zaune a kan ƙasa na Rasha - ne Turks. Su Tatars, Bashkirs da Yakuts. Mafi sau da yawa, sun zauna a arewacin jihar. Number of Tatars da suke zaune a kasar ne fiye da miliyan 5, Bashkirs - 2 da miliyan, da kuma Yakuts - 390.000.

Kamar yadda muka bayyana a baya, da yawa iri-iri na kabilu suke zaune a yankin ƙasar da Rasha Federation. Duk harsunan da daidaita hakkoki. Duk da haka, jihar ne Rasha. Af, kawai a cikin ƙasa na Rasha Federation gida a kan 150 daban-daban kasashe.

The addini abun da ke ciki na Rasha Federation

A mafi m addini a Rasha Federation ne Kiristanci. Yawan wakilai ne 74% na jimlar Rasha yawan jama'a. Wadannan sun hada da Katolika, Furotesta da Orthodox.

Wani manyan addini denomination a cikin ƙasa na Rasha Federation, Shi ne Musulunci. Yawan mazauna tare da wani addini ne 7%.

Rasha jihar ƙasa, kamar yadda muka ce a baya, shi ne densely populated da fadi da dama na addini addinai. Na uku wuri a cikin yawan mambobin dauki addinin Buddha. Yau, da yawan 'yan asalin wannan addini shi ne miliyan 400. Satumba 26, 1997 a Rasha kundin tsarin mulki da aka soma umartar "A cikin 'yancin zabi na addini." Wannan doka ba ka damar zabi naka denomination.

Labaran na Rasha Federation

Rasha jihar ƙasa hada da 89 yankuna. Kowane daga cikinsu yana da nasa ofishin. Bisa kididdigar da, a wannan shekara, mafi densely lugar yankin ne Moscow da kuma Moscow yankin. Number rayuwa akwai fiye da miliyan 15 'yan kasa. Na biyu wuri a cikin yawan daukan Krasnodar yankin. Yawan baƙi ne miliyan 5.

Idan muka magana game da tarayya gundumomi, mafi densely lugar shi ne Tsakiya. Yana gida kusan miliyan 40 mazauna. Na biyu wuri ke cikin Volga Tarayya District. Akwai gida da wasu miliyan 29 mutane.

Yawan jama'ar na Rasha Federation

A duka jama'ar na Rasha Federation zuwa ranar da aka 146 da miliyan mazaunan. Ya kamata a jaddada cewa, wannan adadi ya karu da 0,18% daga bara. Karuwa ya faru a duk gundumomi fãce Volga. A mafi m karuwa a yawan faru a Crimean sashin. Akwai yawan mazauna karu da 1.25% a bara.

'Yan mutane san, amma yin recalculation na yawan ba zai iya zama ga shekara ta 2014. Wannan shi ne saboda Bugu da kari na biyu sabuwar abokai. Kamar yadda muka ce a baya, shi ne Jamhuriyar Crimea da Sevastopol. Da yake jawabi na yawan girma, ba za mu iya ce game da haihuwa statistics. Its kudi ya 13 neonates 1 dubu mazaunan.

A 2014, wani ban sha'awa lissafi da aka gudanar. Rosstat lasafta na yanzu rayuwar jama'a. Bisa kididdigar da, a yau shi ne wani talakawan of 73 shekaru. Ya kamata kuma a lura cewa, jama'ar na Rasha Federation ne rarraba sosai unevenly. Mafi yawa daga cikin mutanen da suke rayuwa a cikin kasashen Turai. Shi ne kawai 20% na dukan ƙasa na Rasha Federation.

National siyasa

Fahimci kasa da manufofin za su taimake mu labarin da labarin kasa. A ƙasar Rasha halin da manyan yawan wakilan addini ƙungiyõyi, kuma kabilu. Kusan kowane daga cikinsu mamaki da abin da hakkin a Rasha Federation ne 'yan ƙasa na wasu ƙasashe. Bisa ga Rasha kundin tsarin mulki, soma a shekara ta 1996, jihar ya tabbatar da cikakken adalci, ko da kuwa kasa, addini da kuma ilimin harsuna ainihi. Har ila yau, kowane dan kasa na da hakkin ya yi magana da harshe. A da shi, ya kuma iya samun kuma horo.

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa a cikin ƙasa na Rasha Federation ga gabatarwa na kyau ga kowane kasa. Wannan ya tabbatar da labari 29 na kundin tsarin mulki. Wannan doka ta tanadi azaba ga take hakkin. Wannan shi ne wani punitive izni, wanda Range daga 100 zuwa 300 dubu rubles, ko kurkuku har zuwa shekara uku. A ƙasashe da dama shi ne shekaru 5. Af, a cikin 'yan shekaru da gwamnatin Rasha ne idan akai la'akari da zaɓi na tightening matakan, kuma yiwu a cikin lissafin zai zo a cikin karfi.

Mallaka na kasa da harshen

Kamar yadda muka ce a baya, da Rasha Federation ƙasa ne densely lugar da fadi da dama na kabilu. Shida da suka wuce, Rosstat gudanar da kidayar jama'a. Bisa kididdigar da, 94% na mutanen da fasãha a Rasha harshe. A shekara ta 2002 adadin su ya 99%.

The most yawan jama'a na sauran kasashe, wanda ya zauna a Rasha da kuma magana Rasha, suna Chechens. Har ila yau, wani babban yawan jama'a da aka surveyed a 2010. Rosstat kokarin gane abin da harshen da suka yi la'akari da 'yan qasar. Bisa kididdigar da, fiye da 5% na sauran kabilu Rasha jama'a la'akari da nasu harshen.

don takaita

Kamar yadda muka ce a baya, da Rasha Federation - kamfanin dake da wata kasa. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa jihar tana da isasshe babban yankin. The Russian Federation aka kẽwayesu da 16 ƙasashe. Rasha gwamnatin quite m, kuma m 'yan ƙasa na sauran kasashe. Akwai wani babban yawan takardar kudi cewa su sa rai a kan ƙasa na Rasha Federation dadi. Haka kuma, shi ne a Rasha akwai ba kawai 11 lokacin da zones, amma kuma da daban-daban climatic zones. Idan kana so ka canza jiha da kuma matsawa zuwa Rasha Federation, za ka iya amince yin haka. Sa'an nan kuma mu kula da kowane, ko da kuwa kasa ko addini.