A kasashen Larabawa. Palestine, Jordan, Iraq

A zamani duniya da aka yanaye kasu kashi da dama sassa, halin da wasu peculiarities. Yammacin kuma Eastern, Turai da kuma Larabci al'adu da nasu geopolitical "ɗaurinSa." Yau, da kalmar "kasashen Larabawa" yana nufin zuwa jihar, yawancin mutanen da suka yi magana Larabci.

United Arab States

22 irin kasashen sanya sõyayya a duniya kungiyar - League na Arab States. A duka yankin na ƙasa da sanaki mutane magana a cikin Larabci, shi ne game da miliyan 13 km ^2. Wannan samuwar aka located a jamsin na nahiyoyi uku - Asiya, Afrika da Turai. Saboda haka, kasashen Larabawa wakiltar kusan daya geocultural sarari jeri daga Persian Gulf zuwa cikin tekun Atlantic, wani babban bangare na al'ummar wanda yana da Larabci asalinsu.

Rabe-raben harsuna da al'adun gargajiya halaye

Babban kundin tsarin mulkin a kashi na wani Arab jihar ne da harshen da kuma al'adun ci gaba a kan ta da asali. Yau, da irin wannan al'ada ne bude da kuma fallasa su da wasu, kamar India, Mongolian, Andalusian. Duk da haka, mafi dauke da ya rinjayi Yammacin hadisai.

addini

A cikin Larabawa al'umma mai addini kamar Musulunci, aikin wani dual rawa. A daya hannun, shi haɗa kan bangaskiya Larabawa a cikin jama'a da kuma rayuwar siyasa, kuma a kan sauran - shi ne dalilin da fitina da kuma ko fadace-fadace tsakanin magoya bayan daban-daban igiyoyin cikin. Ya kamata a fahimci cewa Larabawa da kuma kasashen musulmi ne ba m Concepts. Akwai ba duk da kasashen Larabawa, ana Musulmi, wasu lokaci guda zamani da dama addini ƙungiyõyi. Bugu da kari, ya kamata a tuna da cewa a kasashen musulmi, sũ ne waɗanda inda mafi yawan mazauna ne ba larabawa.

Musulunci - wani iko da al'adu factor, saboda abin da, tare da harshe, akwai wani hadin kai na kasashen larabawa, amma shi ma zai iya raba da kuma bayar da Yunƙurin zuwa jini yaƙe-yaƙe.

kasashen Larabawa

A total akwai 23 da kasashen Larabawa, da jerin wadda aka gabatar a kasa:

• A Jamhuriyar Djibouti.
• Jamhuriyar Algeria.
• Mulkin Bahrain.
• Mulkin Jordan.
• Arab Jamhuriyar Misira;
• Jamhuriyar Yemen.
• A Jamhuriyar Iraq;
• Lebanon Jamhuriyar;
• Tarayyar na Comoros.
• Jihar Kuwait.
• The State of Qatar.
• Syrian Arab Jamhuriyar;
• Jihar na Libya.
• Jamhuriyar Musulunci ta Mauritania.
• Da Daular asar Morocco.
• United Arab Emirates (UAE) .
• Oman.
• Saudi Arabia.
• A Jamhuriyar Sudan ta Kudu.
• Tarayyar Somalia.
• Jamhuriyar Tunisia.
• Jamhuriyar Dimokradiyyar ta Sahrawi Arab (Western Sahara).
• Mai cin gashin kanta yankin na Palestine.

Ya kamata a lura da cewa ba duk kasashen Larabawa, da jerin wanda aka nuna, da sauran jihohin da ake gane. Saboda haka, Jamhuriyar Dimokradiyyar ta Sahrawi Arab ba memba na League na Arab States (Las), hukumance gane kawai hamsin kasashen. The Morocco hukumomi da iko a kan mafi yawansu, da karkararta.

Bugu da kari, Jihar Palestine, memba na kungiyar kasashen Larabawa, 129 gane jihohi. A cikin wannan kasar, biyu ba su da wani na kowa iyakar yankunan: zirin Gaza da kuma West Bank.

Kasashen Larabawa geographically kasu kashi uku manyan kungiyoyin:

- Afirka (Maghreb).

- danko.

- gabashin tekun Bahar Rum.

A takaice dai look at kowane daga cikinsu.

Arab kasashen Afirka, ko da Maghreb

A cikin m ji na Maghreb (West) ne kawai Amurka cewa an ayi yamma da Misira. Yau, duk da haka, mafi yawa ana kira a matsayin duk da arewacin Afirka da kasashen Larabawa, kamar Mauritania, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia da kuma Algeria. Misira da kanta ne da cibiyar, da zuciya daga cikin Larabawa duniya da kuma wani bangare ne na Great magribinskoj baka. Bayan shi, shi ya hada kasashe irin su Morocco, Tunisia, Aljeriya, Mauritaniya, Libya da kuma yammacin Sahara.

Kasashen na kasar Larabawa

The most sashin a duniya ne Arabian. A shi ne babban ɓangare na man kasashen. Alal misali, UAE (United Arab Emirates), hada da bakwai m jihohi. Bugu da kari, shi ne a kan ta ƙasa ne wasu kasashe a cikin sharuddan samar da man fetur, Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Oman, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar. A baya sau, da kasashen ayi a kasar Larabawa, ya bayyana ne kawai a matsayin transshipment kuma matsakaici da maki a kan cinikayya hanyoyi manyan zuwa Iraki da Iran. Yau, saboda bude a tsakiyar karni na karshe, wata babbar arzikin man fetur, kowane daga cikin kasashen Larabawa na larabawa da yankin na da gagarumin siyasa, dabarun da tattalin arziki nauyi.

Bugu da kari, kasashen a cikin Gulf, da tarihi na tsakiya na asalin da kuma ci gaba na Musulunci, daga inda shi yada zuwa sauran yankuna.

Gabashin tekun Bahar Rum Kasashen

Don Gabas Rum yankin Asia, da ake kira Mashriq, ya hada da irin kasashen Larabawa Gabas, a matsayin Jamhuriyar Iraki, Mulkin Jordan, Syria, Libya, kuma yana da kawai da matsayi na Palestine cin gashin. Mashriq - wannan tun da samuwar a cikin marigayi forties na karni na ashirin, jihar Isra'ila mafi m, kusan kullum takaddama sashi daga cikin kasashen Larabawa. Cikin karni na ashirin da ya faru a nan har abada Larabawa da Isra'ila yaƙe-yaƙe da rikice-rikice. Bari mu more daki-daki a kan wadannan kasashe na gabashin tekun Bahar Rum, Iraki, Jordan da kuma Palasdinu.

A Jamhuriyar Iraq

Wannan Arab kasa dake a cikin kwaruruka na Kogin Yufiretis, da Tigris koguna, a cikin Mesopotamian bayyana, kuma an wanke daga kudu maso gabashin ruwan Persian Gulf. Yana iyaka da kasar tare da Kuwait, Iran, Turkiyya, Suriya, Saudi Arabia da kuma Jordan. A arewa da kuma arewa maso gabashin kasar Iraki dake Armenian da Iran uplands, wanda aka halin high girgizar kasa aiki.

Kasar Iraki, wanda shi ne babban birnin Bagadaza - na biyu mafi girma a-Arab kasa na gabashin tekun Bahar Rum da kuma yankin Gabas ta Tsakiya, tare da yawan jama'a na kan 16 da mutane miliyan.

A juyin juya halin a 1958 ya haifar da faduwar daular mulkinsu a kasar, kuma tun shekara ta 1963 kuma da ikon siyasa fara samun Larabawa Socialist Baath Party (PASV). A sakamakon m yãƙi a cikin sittin karni na karshe, jam'iyyar da ya zo mulki a shekarar 1979, karkashin jagorancin Saddam Hussein. Wannan taron ya da wani gagarumin milestone a cikin rãyuwar jihar. Yana da wannan manufar da aka iya kawar da duk da kishiyoyinsu kuma saita yanayin na totalitarian iko. Hussein da 'yantar da tattalin arziki manufofin da cohesion na al'umma a kan ra'ayin "na kowa, maƙiyi", ya iya tabbatar da ci gaban da nasu shahararsa da kuma samun kusan Unlimited iko.

A karkashin ya jagoranci, Iraki a 1980 arko a yaki da Iran, wanda dade har 1988. Da juyo ya 2003, lokacin da Amurka ke jagoranta da sojojin taron dangi sun kai mamayewa na Iraki, da sakamakon wanda ya da kisan Saddam Hussein. A sakamakon wannan mamayewa shafa ya zuwa yanzu. A da zarar iko kasar ta zama wata babbar fafata, a cikin abin da babu wani ci gaba masana'antu, babu zaman lafiya.

A Hashemite Mulkin Jordan

A kudu maso yammacin Asiya, arewa maso yammacin karshen yankin larabawa, yamma da kasar Iraki, da kuma da kudu na Syria Jamhuriyar aka located Mulkin Jordan. Taswirar kasar fili ya nuna cewa kusan dukkan karkararta kunshi hamada plateaus kuma daban-daban tuddai da duwatsu. Jordan da hannun jari kan iyakoki da Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Syria, Isra'ila da Palasdinawa m yankin. A kasar na da damar zuwa Bahar Maliya. A babban birnin jihar ne Amman. Bugu da kari, za ka iya zaɓar da manyan birane - Zarqa da Irbid.

Daga 1953 zuwa 1999, har zuwa rasuwarsa, kasar da aka yi mulki Korol Huseyn. Yau mulki karkashin jagorancin dansa - Abdullah II, shi ne wakilin Hashemite daular da aka dauke su a cikin daya daga cikin 43 ƙarni na kai tsaye zuriyar Annabi Muhammadu. Matsayin mai mulkin, mai mulkin a cikin Larabawa duniya ne babu iyaka tasiri, duk da haka, Jordan ta monarch ta ikon ke kula da kundin tsarin mulki da kuma majalisar dokokin kasar.

A yau shi ne mafi m ko'ina cikin ƙasa na Arab Gabas. Babban samun kudin shiga na kasar ya kawo yawon shakatawa, kazalika da taimakon wasu, aukaka Larabawa jihohi.

Palestine

Wannan m yankin na gabashin Rum aka yi sama da biyu ba dab da juna yankuna: Gaza iyaka Isra'ila da Misira, da kuma bankin West Bank, wanda shi ne kawai zuwa gabas a lamba tare da Jordan, da kuma duk sauran da aka kewaye da Israeli ƙasa. A cikin sharuddan yanayi na Palestine ne zuwa kashi da dama yankunan: da m Shefela tare da bakin tekun Bahar Rum, da kuma m Filato, dake zuwa gabas. A gabas na kasar fara steppe, wanda fades cikin hamadan Siriya.

A shekarar 1988, bayan da dama daga cikin Larabawa da Isra'ila wars da ƙi da Jordan da kuma Misira ikirarin Palasdinawa yankuna, Palasdinawa National Council ta sanar halittar wani zaman kanta a jihar. Shugaban farko na mulkin kai ya almara Yasser Arafat, bayan wanda mutuwa, a shekarar 2005, wannan post da aka zaba da kuma located yanzu a ikon, Mahmoud Abbas. Yau a Gaza, Hamas ne jam'iyyar, wanda ya zo ikon bayan da ya lashe zaben a wannan mulkin kai. Bankin West Bank, da kulawa da dukan jihar na Palasdinawa National Authority.

Dangantaka tsakanin Palasdinu da Isra'ila ne a cikin wani sosai jaddada jihar da kuma har abada canza kama zuwa wani m adawa. Da kan iyakoki na kasar Palasdin da kusan dukkan jam'iyyun ne ke iko da Isra'ila sojojin.