A Sanadin na Rasha-Turkish yaki (1877-1878 gg.) Kuma da nasa sakamakon

Da yawa haddasawa na Rasha-Turkish yaki (1877-1878 gg.) Haifar farkon na amfani da makamai rikici tsakanin biyu dauloli a cikin Balkan Larabawa. Ya yi muhimmanci abubuwan da Slavic mutanen yankin.

perennial adawa

Nazarin dalilan da Rasha-Turkish yaki (1877-1878 gg.), Ya kamata a ce cewa rikici tsakanin wadannan biyu ikon da aka haka da haihuwa da kuma zurfin cewa kowane yau da kullum m adawa ya zama mai ma'ana ci gaba da wani ƙarni-tsohon kishi tsakanin sarki da Sultan. Tun daga nan, a cikin XVII karni, wadannan jihohi sun kowa iyakar, su kullum suka yi jihãdi a kan ƙasa da kuma albarkatun.

A wannan kishi Turkey akai-akai sha wahala da shan kashi, bada Romanov sabon lardin - .. Ukrainian steppe, da Harshen Maldavian sarauta, da dai sauransu A togiya ne a cikin Crimean War of 1853-1856, a lokacin da Daular Ottoman a fili goyon bayan kasashen yammacin Turai masu iko, tsoron wuce kima tabbatarwa daga Rasha. . Nicholas I mutu prematurely a hanyoyi da dama daga wani tunanin hargitsi hade tare da ta soja shan kashi.

Dan marigayin sarki, Alexander II ya iya gama da yaki da taimakon babban diplomasiyya kokari, za a babbar asasshe ga makiya kawance. Amma har ma da yarjejeniyar da 1856 ya tabbacin cewa, zubar da jini ba zai fara sake. A Sanadin na Rasha-Turkish yaki (1877-1878 gg.) Alexander sanya shekaru da yawa daga baya kuma ya tafi zuwa ga adawa da Ottoman Empire.

Zalunci na Balkan Slavs

Bayan karshen Crimean War, a daya daga cikin wuraren da Paris yarjejeniya, Turkey tabbatar da daidaici na Musulmi da Kirista jama'ar na kasar. Yana daya daga cikin mafi m sabani tsakanin Ottoman Empire da kuma sauran kasashen Turai.

A Turks kasance Musulmi, amma a kan Balkan yankuna na jihar rayu Slavic rinjaye - Serbs, Croats, Montenegrins da Bulgarians. Duk wadannan mutane professed Kiristanci. Saboda haka, da rikici tsakanin su da titular al'umma sa ba kawai a kasa, amma kuma bayanan hali.

A Sanadin na Rasha-Turkish yaki (1877-1878 gg.) Shin daidai da unequal matsayi na Bulgarians. All Balkan Slavic mutane dubi Sarkin St. Petersburg a matsayin mai kare biyan bukatunsu akai-akai kuma ya nemi taimakonsa.

Ba za mu iya ce cewa Sultan da gwamnatin sun bayan da rikici da Kiristoci. Duk da haka, jihar ya fuskanci irin wannan rikice-rikice a cikin kasar ta hanyar yatsunsu, kuma bai hana Musulmi zalunta Bulgarians da sauran kananan kabilu.

A farkon karni XIX daga Turkey "tsattsage" Girka. A} asar ta samu 'yancin kai ta bayan shekaru na jini yaki. Amma a cikin shekarun da suka gabata da suka biyo Ottoman Empire ci gaba da iko da wasu yankunan inda har yanzu akwai Helenawa rayu.

Saboda wannan, a cikin 1860s a tsibirin Crete ya 'yantar tawaye, wanda aka gilla mur. Saboda haka, da Sanadin Rasha-Turkish yaki na 1877-1878. Shi ya ta'allaka ne daidai a gaskiyar cewa Daular Ottoman iya ba wanzu a baya da kan iyakoki, alhãli kuwa ba mutunta hakkin da yawa Balkan al'ummai.

Gorchakov ta diflomasiyya

Alexander II a lokacin da ya zama Sarkin Rasha ya rasa Crimean War. Ya yi tafiya zuwa unfavorable duniya. Ko da yake kasar ta ba rasa ƙasa, Black Sea jiragen ruwa da aka halaka, kuma suka ƙaryata, bisa ga kwangila. Domin St. Petersburg wannan halin da ake ciki ya kasance mai wulãkantãwa. A sabon sarki nada ga post na ministan harkokin waje na samu jami'in diflomasiyyar Alexander Gorchakov. Wasu masu tarihi la'akari da shi da "m Cardinal" na Rasha kasashen waje da manufofin na zamanin.

A Tsar da Gorchakov fara shirya domin makawa worsening da dangantakar da Ottoman Empire da zuwan yaki. A Rasha, a cikin zaman lafiya lokaci ya wuce da yawa da sake fasalin: kin amincewa da serfdom, da canje-canje a cikin soja da kuma tattalin arziki. Duk da waɗannan matakan ciki har kamata taimaka zamanintar da m sojojin.

Prussia Union

Bayan da Turai iko a fili goyon Turkey a cikin Crimean War, tsohon huldar diplomasiyya tare da su ya zama ba zai yiwu ba. The kawai na hannun daman St. Petersburg ya zama Berlin. A wannan lokaci, da Sarkin Prussia da sauri sõyayya a Jamus, kanã nufin haifar da wata guda na kasa daular. Da abokin gaba da aka da Austria. Habsburg daular, wadda ta mulki a Vienna, kuma da'awar da daidaituwa na Jamus a karkashin umurnin, amma aka ci a cikin gwagwarmaya da Hohenzollern.

A 1870, Prussia ci Faransa a yakin na Alsace da Lorraine. Wannan nasara da ya yarda da Sarkin Prussia ya bayyana kafa na Jamus Empire, wanda kuma ya hada da yawa kananan Jamus sarauta. Faransa ya daya daga cikin su tabbatar da mutuncin Ottoman Empire. Rasha da kuma Jamus sun gabatar da wani united diplomasiyya gaban, sunã nẽman tilasta Paris watsi da sadaukar da Sultan. Wannan shirin aiki sosai. Bugu da kari, Rasha ya sake lashe da hakkin ya gina jiragen ruwa a tekun Black Sea.

Bulgarian tawaye

Ba da da ewa Rasha jami'an diplomasiyan samu keken shanu Blanche zuwa muwafaka da Ottoman Empire. Shafa bango, da dalilai da Rasha-Turkish yaki (1877-1878 gg.), Kazalika da yarjejeniyar da Turai iko. A wannan lokacin da National Liberation tawaye a Bulgaria.

Janissaries mai tsanani aikatã ba kawai tare da masu dauke da makamai, amma kuma fararen hula. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa Rasha-Turkish War (1877-1878). Sakamako na tawaye ya shafa sosai da sauri. Rasha ayyana yaki kan Ottoman Empire, da goyan bayan da Orthodox Bulgarians wanda ya nemi taimako wurin sarki. A cikin shekaru biyu da shekaru a kan bankunan na Danube tafi a kan jini adawa tsakanin sojojin wadannan kasashen.

sakamakon rikici

Sanin abin da su ne dalilan da Rasha-Turkish yaki (1877-1878 gg.), Za ka iya tsammani abin da ya ƙare. The sojojin Alexander II ci musulmai da ya yi barazanar Istanbul. Sultan ya ƙarasa da diflomasiyya.

A 1878 da San Stefano yarjejeniya da aka sanya hannu. A cewar shi, Romaniya, Sabiya da kuma Montenegro zama m jihohi. Bulgarians sun samu m cin gashin. Ba da da ewa, a zahiri shine, su ma suka fito daga ƙarƙashin mulkin Istanbul. Rasha shiga a Bessarabia da Kars yankin a cikin ta Kudu Caucasus.