Mene ne Spanish mazauna? Description, tarihi da kuma ban sha'awa facts

A mallaka na Spain har karni na sha tara, occupies wani gagarumin ɓangare na ƙasar. The Spanish Empire ya kasance daya daga cikin mafi iko mulkin gargajiya jihohin da suka wuce. Active mulkin mallaka da kuma Gwargwadon binciken muhimmanci kawo ci gaban tarihin dan Adam. Ci shafi al'adu, da ilimin harsuna da addini ci gaban da al'ummai da yawa.

mulkin mallaka abubuwan da ake bukata

Dama up har karni na sha hudu, Spain da aka fada domin samun 'yancin kai. Daga kudu da gabas da ƙasar kiyaye isa Moors da Saracens. The dogon ƙarni na gwagwarmaya karshe ƙare tare da karshe fitar da Larabawa ne daga nahiyar. Amma bayan da ya lashe kawai bude da matsaloli da yawa. Jangwalo yaki ga dama ƙarni, Spain ya halitta da dama umarni na jarumtan, da kuma sojoji sun yawa fiye da a kowane kasashen Turai. Shugabanni daga cikin Habsburg daular san cewa jima ko daga baya da shi za su kai ga zamantakewa tawaye. A mafi girma da hadari, a cikin ra'ayi, sun landless ƙaramin 'ya'yan Knights - Hidalgo.

Da farko, to shiryar da suka ji ƙishi ga mafi rayuwa a cikin shiriya ga gwamnatin, da jihadi da Gabas ta fara. Duk da haka, Saracens da m juriya, tilasta Yan Salibiyya koma baya. Spanish mazauna a Afirka sun kananan da kuma kusan bai kawo wani riba. A wannan lokaci, shi ne a high bukatar daban-daban kaya daga India. A ra'ayi na Turai nahiyar shi ya ba kawai a gabas amma kuma a kudu. Saboda haka, samun guntu hanya zuwa gare shi a kai a kai Fitted fitar da balaguro.

Gwargwadon binciken

A farko mallaka na Spain zo bayan Christopher Columbus ya gano New World - America. A marigayi rani na 1492 zo uku jiragen ruwa a karkashin Spanish flag. Su bawo daga cikin taskar kasashen Turai da dama. A tsakiyar kaka na wannan shekara Columbus komai a fili a cikin Bahamas. Watanni hudu daga baya, sai ta bude tsibirin Haiti. A search na zinariya Spaniards wani lokacin da suka tafi a bakin da koma zurfi a cikin Jungle. A kan hanyarsu suka hadu juriya daga gida kabilu. Duk da haka, matakin da wayewa wanzuwa Turai domin da dama ƙarni. Saboda haka conquistadors, sanye da karfe makamai, akwai wani ƙunci ya lashe da mazauni.

Shekaru takwas daga baya wani balaguro a jirgin ruwa, riga ya kunshi polutoratysyachny ƙungiya da tattalinsu. Su surveyed wani babban ɓangare na Coast ta Kudu Amurka. New tsibiran da aka gano. Bayan wannan yarjejeniya da aka kulla tsakanin Portugal da Spain, bisa ga abin sabon ƙasashe da aka raba daidai tsakanin biyu dauloli.

South America

Da farko, da Spain ya fara gano gabar yammacin kasar Amirka. Wannan shi ne yankin ƙasar zamani Brazil, Chile, Peru da kuma sauran ƙasashe. A sabon ƙasashe aka kafa Spanish umarni. Administration zauna a manyan ƙauyuka. Sa'an nan, m sojojin da aka aiko zuwa nasara da sabon asashe. Sa'an nan ya zo baƙi daga kasashen Turai. A gida, yawan, musamman Bolivia, a kallafa maka.

Akasarin mutanen Spain suna sha'awar kayayyakin don fitarwa. Zinariya, da azurfa, kuma daban-daban kayan yaji. Idan ka samu to zinariya shi ne, ba ko da yaushe zai yiwu, da azurfa conquistadors samu a yalwace. Laden jirãge zo kowane wata, a tashar jiragen ruwa. A babbar yawan shigo da kai ga m rasuwar na daular. Kumbura ya fara, wanda ya kai ga talauci. A karshen haifar da da dama yunkuri.

North America

Spain ta kasa-mallaka da wasu Mulki. Su sallama zuwa Valladolid a tarayya hakkin. A shagaltar ƙasashe ya ɓullo da Spanish da harshen da al'adu. A cikin mallaka na Rio de La Plata matsaloli kawo gida Indiyawan. Suka kasance sunã ɓõyewa a cikin Jungle da kuma lokaci-lokaci kai hari. Saboda haka, gwamnatin mataimakin-mulkin da kurtu sojoji daga kasashen mazauna a kan yãƙi guerrillas, wanda, a Bugu da kari, mafi kuma shirya looting da kuma tarzoma.

Domin hudu da suka gabata da Spanish mulkin mallaka gudanar ya bude fiye da ashirin mazauna a cikin ƙasa na New World. A tsawon lokaci, da suka hada a cikin ya fi girma Viceroyalty. Yana located in arewa na most mallaka - New Spain, wadda aka bude Hernan Cortés - wani almara adadi, wanda aka sau da yawa hade da yanci birnin El Dorado.

Don da aiki baki na Great Britain conquistadors kafa duk tare da bakin tekun na Arewa da Kudancin nahiyar Amirka, da Spanish mallaka. List na zamani kasashen da suke da mazauna na Spain:

• Mexico.
• Cuba.
• Honduras.
• Ekwado.
• Peru.
• Chile.
• Colombia.
• Bolivia.
• Guatemala.
• Nicaragua.
• Sashe na Brazil, Argentina da Amurka.

Gudanarwa tsarin

Kasashen da mulkin mallaka na Spain a wannan yanki - shi ne Amurka (Kudancin jihohin) da kuma Mexico. A bambanci ga mazauna a kan kudancin nahiyar, akwai conquistadors haɗu da wani karin ci-gaba da wayewa. Da zarar kan wani lokaci rayu a kan wannan ƙasa da Aztecs da Mayans. Suka bar wata babbar gine-gine da al'adunmu. Expeditionary raka'a Cortez haɗu da wani sosai tsari da juriya ga mulkin mallaka. A mayar da martani, cikin Spanish yi musamman m ga 'yan qasar yawan jama'a. A sakamakon haka, ta lambobin ki hanzari.

Bayan samar da wani sabon Spanish conquistadors mayar da su cikin West kuma kafa Louisiana, gabas da yamma, Florida. Part ƙasar da aka karkashin iko da birnin har karni na sha tara. Amma a sakamakon yaki da Amurka, sun yi hasãrar kome da kome. Mexico kare 'yancin' yan shekaru kafin.

A umarni na shagaltar da yankuna

Power a cikin mazauna aka mayar da hankali a cikin hannãyenku daga cikin Halĩfa. Ya, bi da bi, ƙaddamar a mutum zuwa ga Spanish monarch. Viceroyalty ya kasu kashi da dama yankunan (idan isasshe manyan). Kowane yankin da kansa gwamnati da kuma coci diocese. Saboda haka, da yawa daga cikin tsohon mallaka na Spain har yanzu Roman Katolika. Wani reshe na gwamnati sun soja. Mafi sau da yawa kashin bayan sojojin sun Knights sojojin haya, wanda, bayan wani lokaci ya koma zuwa Turai.

Zauna babban matsayin da a cikin mataimakin-mulkokin iya kawai zo daga birnin. Wadannan sun hereditary noblemen kuma m Knights. Zuriyar Spaniards haife a Amurka, bisa ga doka, mahaukaci guda hakkin a matsayin wakilan da hedkwatarsu. Duk da haka, a yi su sukan fuskanci tsangwama, kuma ya dauki wani babban matsayi ba su iya ba.

al'umma dangantakar

Local mutane sun wakilan daban-daban India kabilu. Da farko, sun sukan yi wa kisan kai da kuma atawa b. Daga baya, duk da haka, mulkin mallaka gwamnati yanke shawarar canza ta hali ga Aborigines. Maimakon looting, an yanke shawarar amfani da India yawan. Bisa ga ƙa'ida, bayi ba. Duk da haka, wasu an hõre dama da kuma nauyi a kallafa maka. Kuma idan ba su biya su, su zama mabartan na Crown, cewa shi ne ba yawa daban-daban daga bautar.

Mazauna na Spain dauki kan al'adun uwar kasar. A wannan m rikici shi ba zai sa. Local mutane sosai shirye koya daga cikin hadisai na Turawa. A takaice in mun gwada lokaci da mazauni sun koyi harshen. Assimilation kuma gudummawar da isowa na Knights na single-Hidalgo. Suka zauna a Viceroyalty da kuma auratayya da India mata. Mene ne wani mallaka na Spain, an mafi kyau gani a misali na Louisiana. Bayan da mataimakin-mulkinsa na shekaru masu yawa kafa mulkin gargajiya dangantaka tsakanin mazauna yankunan da kuma gwamnati.

Asarar da mazauna

A rikicin a Turai kai da ganiya a cikin karni na sha takwas. Spain tafi yaki tare da Faransa. Kumbura, kuma husuma, sun ɓatar to karkatar da daular. Mun dauki amfani na mallaka da kuma fara gudanar da yaƙe-yaƙe na samun 'yanci. Kuma a cikin wasu lokuta, da tuki da karfi ya da gida, yawan, da kuma zuriyar tsohon mulkin mallaka, da yawa wanda aka assimilated. Wasu masu tarihi sun yi zargin Spain ya mallaka na ta mataimakin-mulkoki. Wannan shi ne aka yi garkuwa da su da riba, daga ƙasashe masu nisa. Mafi m. Kuma nan da nan ya yi kokari don adana da tasiri a American asashe a kowane farashi. A gaskiya ma, bayan da kin amincewa da Spain kanta kusan rushe.