A tarihin da cutar a ilimin aikin likita na yara. da cututtukan yara

Medicine, godiya ga tara kwarewa, a yau ne iya warware matsaloli da yawa. Don yadda ya kamata gane asali, bukatar likita tarihi a ilimin aikin likita na yara. Matsayin mai zaman kanta, pediatrician sana'a ne in mun gwada matasa. Amma idan ka tada adabi da kuma ga karatu da tsoho rubuce-rubucen, rubutun za a iya samu a zamanin d India, Misira, da Babila, da kasar Sin da kuma jihar Urartu jariran ciyar, da kula da lura da cututtukan yara. Tuni a cikin 15-16 ƙarni rubuta a cikin littafin inda za ka iya ganin bayanin da cututtukan yara, amma har yanzu suna m shawarwari. Tun farkon karni 17th ilimin aikin likita na yara fara ware a matsayin mai raba kimiyya. Tuni a cikin 18th karni rubanya na musamman litattafan. A high mace-mace da yara kawo ci gaban ilimin aikin likita na yara. Da zarar ya fara bude musamman asibitoci. Dukan tarihin da cutar a ilimin aikin likita na yara na yau ba a iyakance zuwa ko da daruruwan cututtuka.

Ilimin aikin likita na yara da kuma cututtukan yara

Ilimin aikin likita na yara - shi ne mai raba reshe na magani da karatu da siffofin na ci gaba yara, su cuta, al'amurran da suka shafi kula da wani jariri, da lafiya da kuma rashin lafiya yaro. Da farko, akwai kawai batun ilimin aikin likita na yara yara cututtuka ƙaramin kuma yaki da su kau. Yau, da kimiyya hadawa daban daban, wanda aka haɗa dangi da al'ada ci gaba da kuma cututtuka na yara daga haihuwa zuwa balaga. Irin wannan yankunan dauke da kiwon lafiya, Physiology, dietetics, yara cututtuka, su yin rigakafi da magani.

A baby duk lokacin da girma da kuma masu tasowa, yana da yawan ilimin Halittar Jiki da kuma physiological halaye, wani tunanin da kuma ta jiki rashin ci gaba, ta haka ne da kayyade bayani dalla-dalla na cuta ya faru. Alal misali, a wasu cututtukan yara ne sauƙin har adulthood, kamar rubella da karambau, amma babba numfashi fili yara ne m.

Pyelonephritis a yara

A ganewar asali da pyelonephritis nufin kanta nespetseficheskoe dauke da kwayar cutar da kumburi lalacewar kafafuwa nephron tubules da interstitial koda nama. A yara, shi ne sosai m na koda cuta. A cewar WHO data, da ganewar asali ne ba nan da nan bayan da ARD, wanda yake a cikin fari. Mafi kusantar su sha daga gare shi, 'yan mata fiye da yara maza.

Features pyelonephritis

Koda cuta ma ya bayyana da kuma ilimin aikin likita na yara. A tarihin pyelonephritis cutar da shawara cewa, a cikin hanyar da wannan cuta ne kamuwa da cuta. Yau samu m pyelonephritis da siffofin daban-daban ruɓaɓɓen jini. Wannan nuni da zafin jiki da kuma ciwon zai iya ci gaba da mulufi zazzabi, mashako, mura, septicopyemia, na kullum tonsillitis, typhoid zazzabi, da sauransu. A mafi yawan lokuta, a nan E. coli pathogens ne daban-daban. Shafi ci gaban irin wannan cuta streptococci, staphylococci, enterococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella, gonococci, Proteus, mikoplazy, Candida irin fungi, ƙwayoyin cuta, da dai sauransu

yara gastroduodenit

Wannan cuta a cikin yara ya hada da wadanda ba takamaiman kumburi da mucous membranes na ciki da kuma duodenum. Gana kullum da kuma m gastro. Medical tarihin ilimin aikin likita na yara da kuma ta da ganewar asali ne ba ko da yaushe m, saboda cutar za a iya rikita batun tare da gastritis. Suna da kama da cututtuka. M kiwon lafiya effects kama da wannan: zafi da, wani nauyi a cikin sama ciki, bushe bakinka, da ƙishirwa, acid regurgitation, tashin zuciya da kuma ciwon kai. Kullum gastro hadawa mafi bayyanar cututtuka:

- aching bayan cin abinci can a cikin nau'i na kai hare-hare na ciki zafi.

- zafi a ciki a lokacin da guga man.

- ji na cikar;

- belching.

- ƙwannafi.

- tashin zuciya ko amai.

- rashin ci.

- harshe shafi fari ko yellow.

- asarar jiki nauyi.

- wani mummunan mafarki;

- gajiya.

- dizziness.

- bouts na maƙarƙashiya da zawo.

A bit daban-daban daga cikin balagaggu yara ta cutar gastro. A tarihin da cutar a ilimin aikin likita na yara ne sau da yawa irin wannan. Medicine ya samu hanyoyin da za a magance cutar, amma da magani ne lokaci-cinyewa.

mashako

Mashako - kowa a rayuwarmu wani cutar daga cikin manya na numfashi fili ya sa wani gauraye kwayar kuma kwayan kamuwa da cuta. Mafi sau da yawa shi ne sakamakon ba a gama ba da magani na kowa sanyi. A mafi yawansu ba su da lafiya yara tare da matalauta ci da abinci mai gina jiki, rickets, rashin bitamin ko wani rauni na jiki kundin tsarin mulkin kasar, tare da matalauta rigakafi.

Modern ilimin aikin likita na yara, likita tarihi mashako ce da manyan cututtuka da wannan cuta sun hada da:

- runny hanci.

- sneezing.

- tari.

- da zafi a can farko da cutar.

Yawanci, whooping tari yana da hali ba tare da wani sputum cewa an expectorated frothy, whitish ko danko sosai daidaito. Lokaci bai warke mashako iya ci gaba a cikin wani kullum, ko wani lokaci ma asma.

M mashako a yara

Yara jikin su ne mafi saukin kamuwa da yiwuwar dukan cututtuka, musamman - na siffofin daban-daban na mashako. Wannan shi ne saboda ilimin Halittar Jiki da kuma physiological halaye, kamar:

1. bijire generated da rigakafi da tsarin, jikin ta rauni da juriya ga microbes.

2. Features a cikin ilmin jikin mutum na Bronchial itace na yara da ba su damar al'ada shaho sputum.

3. Mukotsilliarny yarda ba cikakke. A matsayin sakamako na wannan alama, akwai wani hali da ya karu jari na sputum saboda gaskiya cewa cilia zubar a kan cylindrical mucosal epithelium, shi ba zai iya nuna.

Features kwarara daga mashako a yara

Yawancin lokaci a cikin shimfiɗar jariri, da mashako yana daukan lokaci mai tsawo da kuma shi ne da yawa wuya fiye da a manya. Domin sosai matasa da yara ne irin wannan cuta ko mafi hatsari. Wannan shi ne saboda wani ɓangare na da miƙa mulki ga obstructive nau'i na ko dai wani dogon lokaci, maimaita bayyanuwar kafin shekaru 3-5 shekaru, har irin wannan lokaci kamar yadda ba zai faru gagarumin sake fasalin kudin da sifofin da Bronchial shambura da kuma rigakafi da tsarin a general. Don hannu likita da wannan ganewar asali ya kamata su san tarihin da cutar m mashako. Ilimin aikin likita na yara sami hanyar magance wannan cuta.

A musamman fasali na cuta a cikin yara ne da cewa da farko bayyana ba kawai tari, amma kuma alamun maye. A wannan lokacin da yaro yake listless, ya yi zazzabi, akwai wani rauni, babu ci. A sosai mai tsanani bayyananen, tare da sa hannu na Bronchial toshewa da aka kafa tare da m shortness na numfashi da kuma wheezing, gurgling shasshaƙa. Mazan yara wuya da fuskantar bayyanuwar cutar.

ciwon huhu

Ciwon huhu, a da yara da manya ne mai tsari da ya auku a cikin tsokoki na huhu, wanda tasowa ko a matsayin mai raba m cuta, ko hidima a matsayin mai wahala na sauran pathologies, kamar kyanda, mura, whooping tari, da sauransu. Wannan cuta ne wani sunan - ciwon huhu.

Kamar yadda tarihi da cutar a ilimin aikin likita na yara, da ciwon huhu ne da wani fairly na kowa cuta. Godiya ga fasaha ta zamani da masana kimiyya mu lokaci da aka samu daga cikin hanyar da na huhu kumburi m - shi ne hulda da dama iri ƙwayoyin cuta da kwayoyin. Fallasa to hadarin tasowa da wannan cuta mafi yawa mutanen da suka yi illa rai yanayi da kuma hanya ta rayuwa, matalauta rage cin abinci, tamowa, rickets, exudative diathesis, bitamin, ƙarara, kuma mafi. Mafi sau da yawa, irin wannan ganewar asali a cikin yara da marasa lafiya lura a lokuta da dama, a matsayin sakamako na mura kamuwa da cuta, numfashi catarrh, saboda yawan marasa lafiya da ciwon huhu, yana girma muhimmanci a cikin lokaci na sanyi weather. Colds da subcooling haifar da ya dace da yanayi na kara yawan cutarwa pathogens. Mafi sau da yawa, mai ɗauka na irin cututtuka ne mutum tare da mura, ko m na numfashi cutar.

A mafi yawan lokuta, da shiryawa zamani domin ciwon huhu yana 2-7 kwanaki, dukan wannan lokaci a cikin sama numfashi fili kwayoyin ninka. Yawancin lokaci na farko alamar wani hatsari cutar cututtuka su ne na hali na da kadan sanyi: runny hanci, ba ma high yanayin jiki, ba karfi tari, ja idanu da kuma makogwaro. Bayan kwana biyu na irin wannan manifestations da cutar zai iya wuce ko zama kasa pronounced, a wasu lokuta, m ciwon huhu, a yara tasowa ba tare da gargadi.

Da ya faru na ciwon huhu, a yara

Tã kwarara ciwon huhu ya sa tsarin fasali na numfashi tsarin. A yaron nasopharyngeal sarari ne underdeveloped, kananan size da kananan diamita ramuka a cikin hanci sa shi ba zai yiwu ba ga cikakken dumi da kuma tace iska ya shiga cikin huhu a lokacin numfashi. Kamar yadda tarihi da cutar, m mashako a yara da marasa lafiya da matukar wuya runs a matsayin factor for fitowan da kuma ci gaban da cutar ne ma kunkuntar da lumen na trachea da maƙogwaro, m mucosa, da ciwon jam'i na lymphatic tasoshin a wadda jinin samar na aiki lafiya. Bugu da kari, yara huhu ake yi har na wani sako-sako da tsarin, da karin jini da kuma suna dauke kasa iska. A jariri thorax ne cylindrical a cikin siffar, saboda karankarman ƙirji suna located kadan a kwance fiye da a manya. Wannan physiological alama ba da damar wani jariri numfasawa warai, ga numfashin wasu lokaci da ya rage na waje.

Rigakafin Katafaren cututtuka

Littafi ilimin aikin likita na yara yara a kan wannan batun ba mai yawa shawara, amma akwai na asali shawarwari. Tun da dukan cututtuka bayyana a sakamakon ingestion na mutum pathogens da su kiwo ne riga a gabobin, domin kauce wa kamuwa da cutar da kuma sakamakon, shi wajibi ne don gano da kuma ware da tushen da kamuwa da cuta, don kawar da watsa sunadaran, su aikata dukan abin yiwu ƙara da rigakafi da yaro.